Patho Exam 4 Ch 41

A patient was diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The nurse realizes that the patient needs further teaching about the disease process based on which of the following statements made by the patient?

"HIV only infects B cells."

A female client is diagnosed with chlamydia during a routine pelvic examination. Which statement by the client indicates that the nurse's teaching about management of the disease has been effective?

"My partner will need to take antibiotics at the same time I do."

In teaching a patient about genital warts, which of the following statements is correct for the nurse to say?

"The incubation period is 6 weeks to 3 months."

Which of the following is essential for the nurse to include in the care plan for a patient with herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1)?

"This disease is transmitted by oral secretions."

A young woman has contracted the human papillomavirus (HPV) and has developed genital warts. The client is eager to receive an HPV vaccine, citing the large number of television advertisements she has seen. How should the nurse best respond?

"Unfortunately, these vaccines may be less effective once you have HPV."

A male client is diagnosed with gonococcal urethritis. He tells the nurse he had recent sexual contact with a woman but states she did not appear to have any disease. Which of the following is the nurse's best response to the client?

"Women may not know they have gonorrhea because they may not have symptoms."

A patient asks "How could I have chlamydia? I feel fine!" Which of the following is the nurse's best response?

"Women with this condition are often asymptomatic."

After inoculation with HPV, genital warts may begin to grow. They usually manifest as soft, raised fleshy lesions on the external genitalia of either male or female. What is the incubation period for HPV-induced genital warts?

6 weeks to 8 months.

It is important to test anyone who has had sex with an individual tests positive for gonorrhea, within how many days of the diagnosis?

60 days.

Within how many days it is important to test anyone who has had sex with an individual who tests positive for gonorrhea?

60.

There is no known cure for genital herpes, and methods of treatment are often symptomatic. Pharmacologic management of genital herpes includes which drugs?

Acyclovir.

A client has been diagnosed with syphilis after seeking care for a penile lesion. The nurse should anticipate which intervention?

Administration of injectable penicillin.

A nurse is attempting to culture a lesion to determine if a patient has genital herpes. Which of the following is the nurse's best action?

Attempt to culture a lesion as soon as it develops.

The nurse provides prophylactic treatment for a neonate to prevent conjunctival gonorrhea. The nurse is aware that the intervention will reduce the risk of:

Blindness.

Which of the following assessment findings helps the nurse confirm that the patient has genital warts?

Soft, raised lesions on external genitalia.

For a woman, what is the most serious long-term outcome of an infection resulting from exposure to the N. gonorrhoeae bacteria?

Sterility.

A patient presents with a rash on the palms of his hands, mucous membranes, and stomach. He is complaining of a sore throat and nausea. Which of the following conditions is the nurse concerned about?

Syphilis.

A patient has been diagnosed with candidiasis. Which of the following symptoms was present to diagnose this condition?

Thick white secretions.

A nurse practitioner is examining a female client who presents with symptoms of pain during intercourse. The nurse notes the presence of small hemorrhagic areas on the cervix. Based on this observation, which of the following sexually transmitted diseases does the nurse suspect?

Trichomoniasis.

A nurse in the newborn nursery has an infant with herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1). The mother asks "how can this happen? Which of the following is the best information for the nurse to give the mother?

"Do you know if you have this virus or any lesions around your genitalia?"

A 31 year-old male was diagnosed with genital herpes of the HSV-2 type 5 years ago. He is now broaching the subject with a woman he has recently formed a relationship with. Which of his statements is most accurate?

"Even when I'm not having a recurrence, I could still pass the virus on to you."

A campus-based peer counseling group is conducting an information blitz on sexually-transmitted diseases. Which of the following statements about genital warts requires correction?

"Genital warts can take up to a month after exposure to first become visible."

A patient is diagnosed with granuloma inguinale. Which of the following questions should the nurse ask the patient?

"Have you traveled outside of the country recently?"

A pregnant 23 year-old diagnosed of herpes simplex virus (HSV) is receiving prenatal care from her family physician. To prevent transmission of the virus to her baby, the physician will educate to include which of the following accurate statements?

"If there aren't any visible lesions when you enter labor, a vaginal delivery will be safe to go ahead with."

A patient is told that her herpes virus has been latent. Which of the following does the nurse say to explain this to the patient?

"Latent means the virus remains dormant and can reactivate."

Select the treatment of choice for syphilis.

Long-acting penicillin in a single injection.

A young woman presents with vaginal itching and irritation of recent onset. Her labia are swollen, and she has a frothy yellowish discharge with an unpleasant smell and a pH of 6.8. She has been celibate during the last 6 months and has been taking antibiotics for a throat infection. Which medication is most likely to clear her symptoms?

Metronidazole.

A nurse is educating a group of students about the spread of sexually transmitted infections. Which is a potential portal of entry for most sexually transmitted infections?

Mouth.

Select the correct statement regarding Herpes simplex virus.

Only two strains of the virus are considered sexually transmittable.

A client asks the nurse there is anything that would greatly increase her risk of acquiring human papillomavirus (HPV). The best response by the nurse would be:

Oral-genital sex.

A 30-year-old male has contracted an STI caused by Treponema pallidum. Which symptom did he most likely notice first?

Painless chancres on the man's scrotum.

For a woman, what is the most serious long term outcome of an infection resulting from exposure to the N. gonorrhea bacteria?

Sterility.

A woman asks "why do I have to tell my sexual partner about chlamydia? I thought this was a "female" disease." Which of the following is the nurse's best response?

"The condition is transmittable to men and may cause infertility."

Which of the following patients are at highest risk of developing candidiasis? Select all that apply.

A patient who completed a 10-day course of antibiotic therapy for a urinary tract infection, A patient who is pregnant, and A patient newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus Type 2.

Which of the following patients is at highest risk of developing trichomoniasis?

A patient who is sexually active.

Which of the following information is essential for a nurse to include in the teaching plan for a patient receiving metronidazole for trichomoniasis?

Abstinence is recommended until the therapy is completed.

A 24-year-old female presents with vulvar pruritus accompanied by irritation, pain on urination, erythema, and an odourless, thick, acid vaginal discharge. She denies sexual activity during the last 6 months. Her records show that she has diabetes mellitus and uses oral contraceptives. Which category of medication is most likely to resolve her symptoms?

An azole antifungal agent.

A client presents with signs and symptoms of candidiasis and is concerned about why this occurs after taking antibiotics. The most appropriate information for the nurse to provide would be:

Antibiotics suppress the normal protective vaginal flora allowing overgrowth of C. albicans.

A 46-year-old male client comes to the clinic after receiving a positive Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test following a blood test for life insurance screening. Which action should the nurse take next?

Ask the patient about past treatment for syphilis.

In assessing a patient, the nurse notes a grayish discharge from the vaginal area accompanied by a foul odor. Which of the following is the nurse's best action?

Asking about other symptoms.

A client has been diagnosed with a chlamydial infection. Select the pharmacological treatment of choice.

Azithromycin.

A pregnant teenager has arrived at a free clinic seeking care. She has had no prenatal care and is currently twenty-seven weeks gestation. Upon testing for a sexually transmitted disease (STD), it is found that she has active T. pallidum (syphilis). Given the fact that she has active syphilis at this stage in her pregnancy, it is very likely her fetus is at risk for: (Select all that apply.)

Being born prematurely, and Congenital defects.

A 20-year-old female comes to the clinic for an annual exam. She reports having unprotected sexual intercourse with several men over the last year. Blood tests reveal that she is positive for human papillomavirus. The nurse teaches the patient about which of the following complications that may occur because of the infection?

Cervical cancer.

A female client is infected with human papillomaviruses (HPV) following unprotected sexual intercourse. The nurse prepares to teach the client about the risk of developing which of the following cancers?

Cervical.

The nurse is reviewing the uses and side effects of Azithromycin. What infection is Azithromycin the antibiotic of choice for the treatment?

Chlamydial.

Unbeknownst to him, a 30 year-old male has contracted Treponema pallidum during a sexual encounter the night before. Place the following manifestations the microorganism in the chronological order that they would occur in the absence of treatment. Use all the options.

Formation of aneurysms, Appearance of a rash on the man's palms and feet, Development of painless chancres on the man's scrotum, and Latency.

Bacterial vaginosis is the most common vaginal infection seen by health care providers. What is the predominant symptom of bacterial vaginosis?

Grayish white discharge with a fishy odor.

A female client is found to have genital warts during a routine pelvic examination. Which of the following sexually transmitted diseases will the nurse prepare to test for?

Human papillomavirus.

A client's presentation and recent sexual history are suggestive of gonorrhea. This suspected diagnosis can best be confirmed by:

culturing a sample of the client's penile discharge.

A patient states to the nurse "How could I be sick! I feel fine!" The patient has a sexually transmitted infection. Which of the following is the nurse's best response?

"Often, sexually transmitted infections are asymptomatic."