PATHO module 18

The best screening test for osteoporosis is:

a dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan

An avulsion occurs when:

a tendon is torn off its bony attachment

Episodes of gout are often triggered by all of the following factors except:

high-fat diet

Known causes of osteoporosis include all of the following except:

late menopause

Risk factors for osteoarthritis include all of the following except:

low calcium intake

Which of the following cancers involves the proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow causing skeletal pain?

myeloma

Which of the following musculoskeletal tumors usually forms in the bone marrow

osteosarcoma

Which of the following pairs of symptoms is likely to manifest following a femoral fracture

pain and swelling in the thigh

Patients with osteoporosis are at risk for which of the following problems ?

pathologic bone fractures

A bone breaks in a place where there was a pre-existing diseases. What type of fracture is being described

pathological

A characteristic feature of fibromyalgia is:

pressure point pain

A partial tear of a ligament is called a:

second-degree sprain

IN osteomyelitis the area of necrotic bone at the site of the infection is called:

sequestrum

A tear in a tendon is commonly known as a

strain

A torus fracture occurs when

the cortex of the bone buckles

The chronic stage of gout characterized by crystalline deposits in cartilage, synovial membranes, and soft tissue, is called:

tophaceous gout

Ankylosing spondylitis results in:

vertebral joint fusion

Which of the following disorders presents with significant bone demineralization from vitamin D deficiency and usually results in skeletal pain?

Osteomalacia

Inflammation of a tendon where it attaches to the bone at its origin is called:

Epicondylitis

The primary manifestation of osteoarthritis is:

Joint pain

Treatment priorities in myoglobinuria focus on preventing failure of which of the following organs?

Kidneys

Synovial joint problems in rheumatoid arthritis are due to which of the following pathologies?

Neutrophils and inflammatory cytokines cause damage to articular cartilage

Which of the following disorders is characterized by enlargement and softening of bones?

Paget disease

Individuals with gout are much more likely to develop which of the following problems?

Renal stones

severe muscle trauma from crush injuries can result in which of the following complications?

Rhabdomyolysis

Which of the following diseases is characterized by osteomalacia in the growing bones of children

Rickets

The displacement of two bone in which the articular surfaces partially lose contact with each other is called?

Subluxation

complications that can occur as fractured bone heals include all the following expect:

disunion

which of the following fractures involves fragmentation of the articular cartilage and generally occurs in adolescents

Transchondral

Pain and inflammation associated with gout are caused by crystallization of ____________ in the tissues.

Uric acid

Which of the following prevent proper bone healing

alcohol and nicotine

In addition to joint pain rheumatoid arthritis often manifest with which of the following systemic symptoms

all the above

Which of the following adult populations are at high risk for developing osteomyelitis?

all the above

All of the following events occur following bone fracture

an increase in the number of osteoclasts at the fracture site.

Rheumatoid arthritis results from joint inflammation caused by:

autoimmune injury

The causes of most cases of endogenous osteomyelitis are:

blood-borne pathogens

A fracture in which the bone breaks into two or more fragments is termed

comminuted fracture

pain in fibromyalgia is associated with:

decrease in pain threshold

Factors contributing to the development of osteoporosis in older women include:

decreased estrogen levels

The chief pathologic feature of degenerative joint disease is:

degeneration of articular cartilage