patho quiz 7 check for understanding

A patient presenting with a severe, pounding headache accompanied by nausea and photophobia is likely experiencing a ________ headache.

migraine

Anticholinesterase inhibitors may be used to manage

myasthenia gravis.

The physiologic mechanisms involved in the pain phenomenon are termed

nociception.

Complete healing of a bone fracture occurs when

the callus has been completely replaced with mature bone.

A level of ____ on the Glasgow Coma Scale indicates likely fatal damage.

3

The person at highest risk of a greenstick fracture from falling off a tall ladder is age

8

Which neurologic disorder is commonly referred to as Lou Gehrig disease?

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Which group of clinical findings indicates the poorest neurologic functioning?

Assumes decorticate posture with light touch, no verbal response

A tool used to assess levels of consciousness is

Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS).

Which disorder usually causes skeletal pain and involves significant bone demineralization from vitamin D deficiency?

Osteomalacia

The earliest manifestation of scleroderma is

Raynaud phenomenon.

Which statement is true about the incidence of multiple sclerosis?

The age of onset ranges from 20 to 50 years.

The complication which is not likely to result from a compound, transverse fracture of the tibia and fibula is

air embolus.

Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease in which

acetylcholine receptors are destroyed or dysfunctional.

A patient who experiences early symptoms of muscle twitching, cramping, and stiffness of the hands may be demonstrating signs of

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Leakage of CSF from the nose or ears is commonly associated with

basilar skull fracture.

A compound, transverse fracture is best described as a bone that is

broken and protruding through the skin.

The physiologic change most likely to lead to an increase in intracranial pressure is

cerebral vasodilation.

The gate control theory of pain transmission predicts that activity in touch receptors will

decrease pain signal transmission in the spinal cord.

The chief pathologic features of osteoarthritis are

degeneration of articular cartilage, destruction of the bone under the cartilage, and thickening of the synovium.

Steroids may be used in the management of acute exacerbation of symptoms in patients with multiple sclerosis, because

demyelination is mediated by immune mechanisms.

Following a bone fracture, the most likely event to occur is

development of a blood clot beneath the periosteum.

In older women, osteoporosis is thought to be primarily because of

estrogen deficiency.

Acceleration-deceleration movements of the head often result in polar injuries in which

focal injuries occur in two places at opposite poles.

Autonomic dysreflexia is characterized by

hypertension and bradycardia.

The pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis involves

immune cells accumulating in pannus and destroying articular cartilage.

Gouty arthritis is a complication of

inadequate renal excretion of uric acid.

Ankylosing spondylitis is characterized by

inflammation, stiffness, and fusion of spinal joints.

Enteropathic arthritis is associated with

inflammatory bowel disease.

Assessment of an extremity six hours after surgical alignment and casting demonstrates pulselessness and pallor. The priority action to take is to

initiate action to have the cast split or removed.

It is useful to conceptualize pain physiology according to the four stages because each stage provides an opportunity for

intervention.

Ankylosing spondylitis causes

intervertebral joint fusion.

Clinical manifestations of a stroke within the right cerebral hemisphere include

left-sided muscle weakness and neglect.

The initial treatment of an individual experiencing a seizure is concentrated on

maintaining an airway.

Healing of a fractured bone with a poor alignment is called

malunion.

A college student living in a dormitory reports a stiff neck and headache and is found to have a fever of 102°F. This information is most consistent with

meningitis.

The classic manifestations of Parkinson disease include

rest tremor and skeletal muscle rigidity.

Rupture of a cerebral aneurysm should be suspected if the patient reports

sudden, severe headache.

The final stage of gout, characterized by crystalline deposits in cartilage, synovial membranes, and soft tissue, is called

tophaceous gout.

"Tell me again the name of that chemical that makes crystals when my gout flares up," asks the client. The nurse's best response is

uric acid.