patho test 4 chapter 25
Vomiting of stomach contents or continuous nasogastric suctioning may predispose to development of
metabolic acid deficit
Diarrhea and other lower intestinal fluid losses will contribute to
metabolic acidosis
Diarrhea causes
metabolic acidosis
The finding of ketones in the blood suggests that a person may have
metabolic acidosis
Emesis causes
metabolic alkalosis
Two primary acid-base disorders that are present independently are referred to as
mixed acid-base imbalance
The major buffer in the extracellular fluid is
bicarbonate
Which acid are kidneys unable to excrete
carbonic
Renal compensation for respiratory acidosis is evidence by
elevated bicarbonate ion concentration
The patient who requires the most careful monitoring for development of metabolic acidosis is a patient who
has had diarrhea for over week
Early manifestations of developing metabolic acidosis include
headache
Respiratory alkalosis is caused by
hyperventilation
Metabolic alkalosis is often accompanied by
hypokalemia
Respiratory acidosis may be caused by
hypoventilation
The body compensates for metabolic alkalosis by
hypoventilation
If an individual has fluffy compensated metabolic acidosis, the blood pH is
in the normal range
Respiratory acidosis is associated with
increased carbonic acid
Uncompensated metabolic alkalosis would result in
increased pH, increased HCO3-
A person who experiences a panic attack and develops hyperventilation symptoms may experience
numbness and tingling in the extremities
Full compensated respiratory acidosis is demonstrated by
pH 7.36, PaCO2 55, HCO3-36
A patient has been hospitalized several times in 6 months with severe, ECV depletion and hypokalemia resulting from chronic laxative abuse. Which blood gas results should be relayed to the physician ?
pH in high part of normal range PaO2 normal, PaCO2 high, bicarbonate high
A 3 year old is diagnosed with starvation ketoacidosis. What signs and symptoms should you anticipate in your assessment?
rapid, deep breathing, lethargy, abdominal pain
The _____ system compensates for metabolic acidosis and alkalosis
respiratory
A person with acute hypoxemia may hyperventilate and develop
respiratory alkalosis
The arterial blood gas pH= 7.52, PaCO2 + 30 mm Hg, HCO3- + 24 mEq/L demonstrates
respiratory alkalosis
Causes of metabolic acidosis include
tissue anoxia