Pathophysiology Exam 2 Test Bank
Individuals who have chronic bronchitis most often have
a productive cough for at least 3 months
status asthmaticus
a severe, life-threatening asthma attack
sebaceous gland secretions with follicular obstruction
acne vulgaris
cigarette smoking impairs
alpha 1 antitrypsin, allowing elastase to predominate
what is atopic dermatitis caused by?
contact with skin allergens
barking cough
croup
inflammation along the distribution of a spinal nerve (dermatome)
herpes zoster
Chronic bronchitis often leads to cor pulmonale because of
increased pulmonary vascular resistance
in asthma, exposure to an allergen causes
inflammation, mucosal edema, and bronchoconstriction
what causes a barrel chest
loss of elastic tissue in the lungs allowing for premature airway closure trapping air
measles
macular rash
what is the most malignant skin cancer?
melanoma
infections caused by fungi are called
mycoses
asthma is an
obstructive pulmonary disease
shingles can lead to
painful postherpetic neuralgia
autoimmune skin disorder with bullous eruptions
pemphigus
hyper-secretion of mucus is a result of
recurrent infection
what do corticosteroids do to the skin
reduce inflammation
deep pressure ulcers usually
result from thrombosis of deep vessels
Itchy linear burrows on the hands and wrists are associated with
scabies
cradle cap dermatitis type
seborrheic
bronchiestasis nursing interventions
sputum cup and box of tissues
type A COPD
-barrel chest -near normal blood gases -accessory muscle use -scant sputum
acute asthma attack s/s
-bronchoconstriction -bronchial mucosal edema -hyper-secretions of mucus -hypoxemia
type B COPD
-copious sputum -dyspnea -high PaCO2 -noisy breath sounds
bacteria is
-endotoxins in the cell wall -can replicate extracellularly
viruses are
-intracellular parasites using host cell components to replicate -composed of RNA and DNA
obstructive disorders are associated with
-low expiratory flow rates -high residual volume
extrinsic asthma
-mediated by IgE triggers -involves hyperresponsiveness of airways
asthma pulmonary function test
-reduced forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) -reduced FEV1 is found in asthma patients
obstructive lung disease characteristics
-resistance to airflow -increased residual volume -increased lung compliance
Foul smelling sputum
Bronchiectasis
cystic fibrosis is associated with
Bronchiectasis
topical drying therapy
gels
tuberculosis x ray finding
Ghon tubercles (nodules with infiltrates)
fungus causes
athletes foot
dry, scaly, itchy patches on face, antecubital areas, behind ears and knees
atopic dermatitis
impetigo etiology
bacteria (strep & staph)
most common skin cancer
basal cell carcinoma
bacteria causes
boils and impetigo
Lupus is characterized by
butterfly rash on face
vitiligo is
depigmented patch of skin
Lack of alpha-1-antitrypsin leads to?
destruction of alveolar wall
emphysema results from
destruction of alveolar walls and capillaries caused by. the release of proteolytic enzymes from immune cells
onycholysis is characterized by
destruction of the nails
widely distributed pruritic maculopapular red rash
drug reactions
Viral pneumonia is characterized by
dry cough
wheals are
edematous tissue
vesicles are
filled with fluid
Airway obstruction in chronic bronchitis is because of
thick mucus, fibrosis, and smooth muscle hypertrophy.
Scleroderma characteristics
thickening and decreased elasticity of the skin
what characteristic of a mole would require further evaluation?
variations in color
chickenpox causes
vesicle that scab
condition caused by a virus
warts