Patient Assessment quiz

Which of the following sites is closest to core body temperature? A axillary B oral C rectal D forehead

(C) rectal

In which of the following conditions would late inspiratory crackles be most likely to occur? 1. emphysema 2. pulmonary fibrosis 3. pneumonia 4. pulmonary edema 5. atelectasis A 2, 3, 4 and 5 B 1, 3 and 5 C 3, 4 and 5 D 1,2,4 and 5

(A) 2, 3, 4 and 5

What is the normal range for systolic blood pressure in the adult patient? A 90 to 140 mm Hg B 50 to 120 mm Hg C 75 to 170 mm Hg D 60 to 100 mm Hg

(A) 90 to 140 mm Hg

Which of the following is an example of a leading question? A Your are breathing better now? B Do you take daily medication home? C When did your breathing change? D Where is your pain located?

(A) Your are breathing better now?

What term is used to describe the chest pain associated with blockage of the coronary arteries? A angina B myocarditis C myalgia D infarction

(A) angina

What is the most common cause of hypothermia? A exposure to cold environment B head injury C stroke D thyroid gland dysfunction

(A) exposure to cold

Which of the following is NOT a common cause of tachypnea? A hypoxemia B exercise C narcotic overdose D metabolic acidosis

(A) hypoxemia

Which of the following changes in the characteristics of wheezing indicate improvement in airway obstruction following bronchodilator therapy? A lower pitch, shorter duration B higher pitch, shorter duration C lower pitch, longer duration D higher pitch, longer duration

(A) lower pitch, shorter duration

What is indicated by the presence of central cyanosis? A respiratory failure B circulatory failure C anemia D hypotension

(A) respiratory failure

. What term best describes a loud, high-pitched continuous sound heard (often with the unaided ear) primarily over the larynx or trachea during inhalation in patients with upper airway obstruction? A stridor B rhonchi C crackles D wheeze

(A) stridor

What term is used to describe difficult breathing in the reclining position? A orthopnea B platypnea C eupnea D apnea

(A)orthopnea

What term is used to describe no breathing in the reclining position? A orthopnea B platypnea C eupnea D apnea

(A.) orthopnea

In what space is the introduction conducted by the clinician? A social spacepersonal space B personal spaceintimate space C intimate space D critical space

(A.)social space personal space

Which of the following are true of early inspiratory crackles? 1. They most often occur in COPD patients. 2. They generally indicate severe airway obstruction. 3. They are not affected by coughing or positional change. 4. They are usually scant (few in number). A 2 and 4 B 1, 2, and 3 C 1, 2, 3, and 4 D 1, 3 and 4

(B) 1, 2, and 3

What is the normal range for diastolic blood pressure in the adult patient? A 40 to 80 mm Hg B 60 to 90 mm Hg C 40 to 100 mm Hg D 60 to 110 mm Hg

(B) 60 to 90 mm Hg

Your patient has an abnormal sensorium. Which of the following is most likely true? A The patient knows his or her name. B The patient is confused about where he or she is. C The patient is aware of the correct day. D The patient knows the name of the hospital he or she has been taken to.

(B) The patient is confused about where he or she is.

What is indicated by retractions? A an increase in PaCO2 B an increase in the work of breathing C a decrease in blood flow to the lungs D reduce lung volumes

(B) an increase in the work of breathing

Which of the following is associated with tripodding? A severe pulmonary hyperinflation B congestive heart disease C pneumonia D pulmonary fibrosis

(B) congestive heart disease

All of the following are critical elements of a patient's social and environmental history except: A occupation and employment history B drugs and medications C recent travel D living arrangements

(B) drugs and medications

. Which of the following terms is used to describe coughing up blood-streaked sputum? A hematemesis B hemoptysis C hemolysis D hemostasis

(B) hemoptysis

Which of the following may cause the trachea to shift to the right? A right-sided tension pneumothorax B left-sided tension pneumothorax C right-sided large pleural effusion D left-sided large pleural effusion

(B) left-sided tension pneumothorax

What change in the patient's respiratory breathing pattern is commonly seen with significant fever? A slower rate B more rapid rate C more prolonged expiratory time D more prolonged inspiratory time

(B) more rapid rate

In what space is the patient interview conducted by the clinician? A social space personal space B personal spaceintimate space C intimate space D critical space

(B) personal spaceintimate space

What is the technical term for secretions from the tracheobronchial tree that have not been contaminated by the mouth? A sputum B phlegm C mucus D pus

(B) phlegm

What is the area of the anterior chest wall overlying the heart called? A epigastrium B precordium C pericardium D axill

(B) precordium

. What is the advantage of COPD patients breathing through pursed-lips during exhalation? A helps the patient focus on breathing B promotes more complete emptying of the lungs C reduces the patient's anxiety level D improves arterial pH levels

(B) promotes more complete emptying of the lungs

What term is used to describe difficult breathing in the upright position? A orthopnea B platypnea C eupnea D apnea

(B.)Platypnea

During auscultation of a patient's chest, you hear abnormal discontinuous "bubbling" sounds at the lung bases. Which of the following chart entries best describes this finding? A "Bronchial sounds heard at lung bases." B "Wheezes heard at lung bases." C "Crackles heard at lung bases." D "Rhonchi heard at lung bases."

(C) "Crackles heard at lung bases."

In which of the following conditions might the intensity of the heart sounds be reduced? 1. heart failure 2. severe obesity 3. pneumothorax 4. pleural effusion 5. pulmonary hyperinflation A 1, 3 and 4 B 2, 3, 4 and 5 C 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 D 3, 4, and 5

(C) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5

Which of the following causes decreased breath sounds? 1. air or fluid in the pleural space 2. hyperinflation of lung tissue 3. mucus plugging of the airways 4. shallow or slow breathing A 2 and 4 B 1, 2 and 3 C 1, 2, 3, and 4 D 2, 3 and 4

(C) 1, 2, 3, and 4

What term is used to describe normal breathing in the reclining position? A orthopnea B platypnea C eupnea D apnea

(C) Eupnea

What is the most common cause of pedal edema? A liver failure B kidney failure C heart failure D electrolyte imbalances

(C) heart failure

What structure in the body is responsible for regulating the body temperature? A pituitary gland B thyroid gland C hypothalamus D thymus gland

(C) hypothalamus

All of the following are critical elements of a patient's past medical history except: A childhood diseases B prior major illnesses or surgery C marital status D drugs and immunizations

(C) marital status

Which of the following is NOT a cause of hypotension? A heart failure B hypovolemia C mild tachycardia D peripheral vasodilation

(C) mild tachycardia

What term is used to describe sputum that has pus in it? A fetid B mucoid C purulent D mucopusulent

(C) purulent

What two factors determine cardiac output? A ventricular filling and heart rate B stroke volume and heart rate C stroke volume and respiratory rate D heart rate and tidal volume

(C) stroke volume and respiratory rate

What does the presence of stridor indicate? A lower airway obstruction B increased secretions in the large airways C upper airway obstruction D bronchial spasm

(C) upper airway obstruction

Which of the following conditions is most likely to cause a dry, nonproductive cough? A chronic bronchitis B cystic fibrosis C pulmonary fibrosis D chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

(C)pulmonary fibrosis

Which of the following is NOT a purpose of the interview? A to collect diagnostic information B to establish a rapport with the patient C to identify type of insurance D to identify the effect of therapy

(C.) to identify the type of insurance

. Which of the following abnormalities should the practitioner be on the lookout for during inspection of the extremities? 1. digital clubbing 2. peripheral cyanosis 3. pedal edema 4. impaired capillary refill 5. low peripheral skin temperature A 2, 3, 4, and 5 B 1, 3, and 5 C 3, 4 and 5 D 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5

(D) 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5

Which of the following represent proper chest auscultation technique? 1. The practitioner should begin auscultation at the lung bases. 2. The bell or diaphragm should be placed directly on the chest wall. 3. The patient should be instructed to breathe through an open mouth. 4. The patient should be placed in a comfortable upright position. 5. The patient should be told to breathe more deeply than normal. A 2, 3, 4, and 5 B 1, 2, 3, and 5 C 3, 4, and 5 D 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5

(D) 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5

A 55 year old patient, who has been smoking a pack and a half of cigarettes (30 cigarettes) per day for 30 years. What is the patient's smoking history? A 30 pack-years B 35 pack-years C 40 pack-years D 45 pack-years

(D) 45 pack-years

Which of the following is NOT a common cause of an increase in the drive to breathe which would increase the sensation of dyspnea? A hypoxemia B acidosis C high fever D hypocarbia

(D) Hypocarbia

What artery is most often used to assess arterial blood pressure? A femoral B radial C ulnar D brachial

(D) brachial

. Which of the following is NOT associated with diaphoresis? A fever B severe stress C acute anxiety D hemoptysis

(D) hemoptysis

Which of the following is least likely to cause tachycardia? A fever B severe pain C hypotension D hypothermia

(D) hypothermia

During auscultation of a patient's chest, you hear coarse crackles throughout both inspiration and expiration. These sound clear when the patient coughs. Which of the following is the most likely cause of these adventitious sounds? A opening of closed smaller airways or alveoli B opening of collapsed large, proximal airways C variable obstruction to flow in the upper airway D movement of excessive secretions in the airways

(D) movement of excessive secretions in the airways

Which of the following is TRUE of peripheral cyanosis? A reliable indicator of tissue hypoxia B develops early in patients with anemia C develops late in patients with polycythemia D sign of inadequate tissue perfusion

(D) sign of inadequate tissue perfusion

Which of the following factors has minimal or no impact on the effectiveness of the patient's cough? A lung recoil B airways resistance C lung volume D pulmonary vascular resistance

(D.)Pulmonary vascular resistance