Pedi Hesi practice

which stage of development classifies boys and girls as differing very little in terms of size? - toddler. - preschool - school-age. - adolescence.

school-age

Which growth and developmental change indicates increased maturity during the school age stage of development? SATA. - an increase in leg length in relation to height. - a decrease in head circumference in relation to standing height. - the face grows faster in relation to the remainder of the cranium. - decreased weight circumference in relation to standing height. - little increase in the size of the skull and the brain, which grow very slowly.

1,2,4

which age would a child be able to drink from a cup? - 5 months. - 7 months. - 12 months. - 18 months.

12 months

by which age does the anterior fontanel of the skull close? - 12 to 18 months. - 20 to 24 months. - 26 to 30 months. - 32 to 36 months.

12 to 18 months

in which order would the nurse recommend introducing new foods into an infant's diet? 1. cow's milk. 2. baby cereal. 3. fruits and vegetables. 4. table foods.

2, 3, 4, 1

Which steps would the nurse take when measuring a toddler's temperature using a tympanic thermometer? SATA - pull the pinna up and back. - pull the pinna back, up, and out. - refrain from applying pressure to the ejection button. - obtain the temperature from the patient's right ear if right-handed. - point the covered probe toward the midpoint between the eyebrow and sideburn.

3,4,5

One minute after birth, a neonate's HR is 106 bpm; acrocyanosis and muscle tone w/flexion are observed; flicking the sole triggers crying, and the cry is strong. What is the neonate's Apgar score?

9

which is the minimum number of hours of sleep the nurse would recommend for an 11 y/o? - 8 - 9 - 10 - 11

9

Which parental statement is accurate regarding expressed breast milk? SATA. - I can add water to dilute the expressed milk. - I can store expressed milk at room temperature. - I can express milk by hand or with a breast pump. - I can store expressed milk in the refrigerator for 5 days. - I can add honey to expressed milk to enhance the taste.

I can express milk by hand or with a breast pump, I can store expressed milk in the refrigerator for five days.

Which parental statements indicate to the nurse the need for further teaching about controlling a nosebleed in a toddler? SATA. - I should keep the child's head tilted back - I should keep the child in a sitting position - I should put ice on the bridge of teh child's nose - I should apply pressure to the anterior of the nose. - I should keep the child's mouth closed for some time

I should keep their head tilted back and their mouth closed for some time

which parental statement would the nuse correct when discussing toys that support motor skill development? - I should provide musical toys. - I should provide straddle trucks - I should provide battery operated cars. - I should provide thick crayons and finger paints.

I should provide battery operated cars

which parental statement would the nurse recognize as indicating a need for further education r/t preventing fall injuries in a toddler? - I will place a throw rug under the crib. - I will put the play equipment on the grass. - I will place a gate at the bottom of the stairs - I will install a guardrail outside the windows.

I will place a gait at the bottom of the stairs

Which statement by a mother indicates the need for additional teaching? - i need to put my baby to bed on his back. - i need to toddler-proof my house when the child starts crawling. - my baby could choke on any small object that will fit in her mouth. - I'll keep my baby in a backward-facing car seat until he's a year old.

I'll keep my baby in a backward-facing car seat until he's a year old.

which client would the nurse assess first after a shift report? - a 6 mo with a croupy cough and inspiratory stridor with exertion. - a 2 y/o w/asthma who required a PRN albuterol treatment 2 hours ago. - a 3 y/o w/ CF who required 22% oxygen all night. - a 20 mo with bronchiolitis and bilateral crackles who is receiving 23% oxygen.

a 6 mo with a croupy cough and inspiratory stridor with exertion

which behaviors would the nuse expect in an 11 y/o girl who is experiencing normal growth and development? SATA. - has sleepovers with friends. - becomes involved in family events. - texts and talks to friends on phone. - demonstrates respect to both parents. - begins to have crushes on boys in class.

all of the above

which would the nurse assess to determine a 12 y/o's self concept? SATA. - values. - abilities. - sexuality. - body image. - physical trait.

all of the above

which rationale would the nurse provide the parents of an 8 month old infant for removing small objects from the floor when their child is crawling on it? - an 8 month old infant can pick up small objects easily. - it's dangerous for infants to pick up objects from the floor. - sharp objects can injure the fragile skin of an 8 month old. - an infant may hide small objects, thereby making them difficult to locate.

an 8 month old infant can pick up small objects easily

which intervention would relieve the discomfort of knee pain associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis? - application of moist heat. - massage of the swollen areas. - use of pillows under the knees. - immobilization of the affected legs.

application of moist heat

which activity would the nurse expect to be beyond the capability of a 4 y/o? - naming several colors. - using three and four word sentences. - asking for the definitions of new words. - having a vocabulary of about 1500 words.

asking for the definitions of new words

a 9 y/o with T1D is prone to hypoglycemic episodes in the morning. Which intervention would be included in the school nurse's plan of care? - limiting fluid intake during school hours. - asking teh child each day what was eaten for breakfast. - considering the presence of diabetes but treating the child the same as the other children. - checking several times a day for injuries because of participation in the physical education program.

asking the child each day what was eaten for breakfast

during which stage of development would a child be expected to imitate others while learning self-care skills? - initiative vs. guilt. - industry vs. inferiority. - identity vs. role confusion. - autonomy vs. shame and doubt

autonomy vs. shame and doubt

which infection would the nurse *NOT* monitor for in the toddler based on structural characteristics at this age? - bronchiolitis. - ear infection. - acute sinusitis. - laryngotracheobronchitis. - inflammation of the tonsils.

bronchiolitis

which would the nuse consider when caring for a family with three school-age children as the unit of service? - certain family members may be capable of giving more support than the nurse. - assessing each family member is not necessary to plan care for the family as a whole. - family values are not as important as other factors regarding how assistance is perceived. - helping the family requires separating health problems from other aspects of the family's life

certain family members may be capable of giving more support than the nurse

Which activities should be easier for the school-age child due to changes in proportions from the preschool stage of development? SATA - climbing - handwriting. - riding a bike. - problem-solving - cooperative play

climbing and riding a bike

which activity would the nurse encourage parents to plan for a 12 y/o child who will be bedridden at home for several weeks after orthopedic surgery? - drawing pictures. - playing card games. - watching TV. - continuing schoolwork.

continuing schoolwork

which type of play would the nuse expect of a 5 y/o while interacting with other children? - team. - parallel. - initiative. - cooperative.

cooperative

which clinical finding would *not* indicate possible meningitis in an infant with an infected ventriculoperitoneal shunt? SATA. - fever - lethargy. - stiff neck - poor feeding. - depressed fontanels

depressed fontanels

which statement describes teh latency stage of Freud's psychoanalytic model of personality development? - during this stage, genital organs are the focus of pleasure. - during this stage, sexual urges are repressed and channeled into productive activities. - during this stage, an infant begins to think that their parent is separate from themselves. - during this stage, sexual urges reawaken and are directed to an individual outside the family circle.

during this stage, sexual urges are repressed and channeled into productive activitie

according to Piaget, during which developmental stage is the pediatric client egocentric? - infancy. - adolescence. - early childhood. - middle childhood.

early childhood

which dietary education would the nurse provide to the parent of an infant with galactosemia? SATA. - eliminate milk. - substitute milk for eggs. - provide soybean-based formulas. - avoid baby cereals containing wheat flour. - give prescribed pancreatic enzyme capsules with meals.

eliminate milk, provide soybean-based formulas

which is the priority action in the immediate postoperative period of a child who has undergone a tonsillectomy? - assisting w/coughing and deep breathing. - encourage frequent intake of cool liquids. - ensuring airway patency by placing the child in a side-lying position. - promoting consciousness by encouraging caregivers to interact with the child.

ensuring airway patency by placing the child in a side-lying position

the nurse teaches a mother abut the dietary measures to be followed for her 5 mo. During the follow-up visit, the nuse finds that the child has indigestion. Which action by the mother is responsible for this situation? - feeding almond milk to the child. - feeding vegetable juice to the child. - feeding bottled milk at night to the child. - feeding properly mashed sweet potatoes to the child.

feeding properly mashed sweet potatoes to the child

Which feeding habit would the nurse expect to find while assessing a 6 month old infant? - uses a spoon. - drinks from a cup. - has favorite foods. - feeds self crackers.

feeds self crackers

Which education would the nurse provide the mother of an exclusively breast-fed infant about recommendations to offer solid foods by 5/6 mo? SATA - solid foods help control weight. - fetal iron reserves are depleted. - food can be taken from a spoon. - bone marrow activity has diminished. - breast milk lacks nutrients after 5 mo.

fetal iron reserves are depleted, food can be taken from a spoon

a 14 month old infant who underwent cleft palate repair is currently on a full-liquid diet from cups only; no spoons or straws are allowed in the child's mouth and elbow restraints are on both arms. Which intervention would the nurse take? - finishing each meal with a drink of water. - using a soft toothbrush to brush the child's teeth. - encouraging crying for 10 minutes periodically to promote respiratory function. - removing both restraints simultaneously q2h to promote arm mobility.

finishing each meal with a drink of water

which period of Piaget's theory covers the prevalence of egocentrism in adolescents? - sensorimotor. - preoperational. - formal operations. - concrete operations

formal operations

at which stage of Kohlberg's theory does an individual want to fulfill the expectations of one's immediate group? - good boy-nice girl orientation. - society-maintaining orientation. - instrumental relativist orientation. - universal ethical principle orientation.

good boy-nice girl orientation

according to Erikson's developmental stages, which characteristic would the nuse anticipate when assessing a preschooler? - being engaged in tasks. - questioning sexual identity. - having highly imaginative thoughts. - wanting to participate in organized activities

having highly imaginative thoughts

which assessment finding would the nurse identify as a physical readiness cue r/t toilet training in a toddler? - having regular bowel movements. - being willing to invest the time needed. - telling a parent that the diaper is wet. - expression a willingness to please their parent.

having regular bowel movements

which symptoms are common signs of stress in a child? SATA - nausea. - diarrhea. - headache. - stomach pains. - change in eating habits.

headache, stomach pains, change in eating habits

which parental statement would the nurse recognize as placing an infant at risk for injury? - i feed my baby formula at room temperature. - i heat the formula in the microwave for 30 seconds. - i place the bottle of formula under hot water for 30 seconds. - i set the bottle of formula in warm water for a few minutes.

i heat the formula in the microwave for 30 seconds

cardiac catheterization in a child with a ventricular septal defect serves which purpose? - identifies the specific location of the defect. - confirms the presence of a pansystolic murmur. - reveals the degree of cardiomegaly that is present. - establishes the presence of ventricular hypertrophy.

identifies the specific location of the defect

which education about socialization and cognition would the nurse include in a teaching session with the parent of a 15 mo? - engaging in parallel play. - imitation of parental activities. - an elevated fear of strangers. - toleration of long periods of parental separation.

imitation of parental activities

Which factor woudl the nurse consider when the parent of a toddler asks to be present for a procedure being performed on the hospital unit? - type of procedure to be performed. - individual assessment of the parent. - whether the toddler wants the parent present. - probable reaction to the toddler's pain response

individual assessment of the parent

The nurse is teaching the parent of a toddler w/a recent diagnosis of hemophilia about the disease. Which area of hte body would the nurse include as the most common site for bleeding? - brain. - joints. - kidneys. - abdomen.

joints

which action would the nuse be responsible for during a lumbar puncture procedure for an 18 mo? - coaching the parent to hold the child in their arms. - keeping the child immobilized with restraints. - collecting the aspirated drainage in a culture tube. - maintaining the continuous flow of local anesthesia.

keeping the child immobilized with restraints

against which condition is a 6 month old with up-to-date immunizations not protected? - polio. - tetanus. - measles. - hepatitis b.

measles

which parental statement indicates an understanding of the prevention of motor vehicle injury for a 5 y/o? - my child is unable to cross the street safely. - my child is old enough that a booster seat is not required. - I no longer have to worry about my child darting into the street. - It is no longer necessary for my child to remain in the backseat.

my child is unable to cross the street safely

which parental statement indicates the need for further education related to the potential for poor growth in an infant newly diagnosed with CF? - my child's diagnosis is associated w/delayed bone growth. - my child will have a poor appetite, which will lead to poor growth. - my child will have increased oxygen demands, which will lead to poor growth. - my child will have a decreased ability to absorb nutrients, which will cause poor growth.

my child will have a poor appetite, which will lead to poor growth

Which parent teaching would the nurse provide for a 4 mo with a spica cast? - obtain a specially designed care seat. - keep diapers on to prevent soiling of the cast. - be sure to change the infant's position q8h. - use the bar between the infant's legs to change positions.

obtain a specially designed care seat

which intervention relieves pruritus associated with varicella? - have teh child wear mittens. - rub an antibiotic ointment on the lesions. - use wet-to-dry saline dressings over the oozing vesicles. - pat the lesions while applying the prescribed calamine lotion.

pat the lesions while applying the prescribed calamine lotion

which intervention would the nurse avoid in an infant with a congenital heart defect after cardiac catheterization? - offering fluids as tolerated. - performing ROM exercises. - monitoring the apical pulse for rate and rhythm. - assessing the pulses distal to the catherization site.

performing ROM exercises

which education would the nurse *NOT* provide the parent of a toddler about the ingestion of plants? SATA - plants are infrequently ingested. - plants may cause contact dermatitis. - plants place your child at risk for choking. - plants that are ingested are sometimes fatal. - plants that are ingested can irritate the GI Tract.

plants are infrequently ingested

During which stage of Piaget's theory would a child demonstrate animism? - sensorimotor - preoperational. - concrete operational. - formal operational.

preoperational

which behavior would the nurse determine is *NOT* developmentally appropriate in a healthy 7 month old infant? SATA - playing peekaboo. - turning over completely. - reaching to be picked up. - pulling up to a standing position. - sitting up for a short time without support.

pulling up to a standing position

which procedure would the nurse use to elevate the head of an infant in a spica cast? - use of a donut head pad. - inserting pillows under teh shoulders. - padding the edge of the cast with folded diapers. - raising the entire mattress at the head of the crib

raising the entire mattress at the head of the crib

which concept would the nuse incorporate to determine the ability of a 10 y/o to grasp the concept of conservation with cookie dough? - industry. - maturity. - autonomy. - reciprocity.

reciprocity

which communication behavior would the nurse expect when assessing an 18 mo? - saying about ten words. - pointing while grunting. - using four-word sentences. - making babbling sounds

saying about ten words

a 10 y/o child who is developmentally delayed and blind must be fed all meals. The child has problems swallowing and frequently chokes/coughs during the feeding. Which technique would the nuse use when feeding the child? - holding the child in an upright position and using a soft-tipped bulb syringe. - placing the child in the supine position and turning their head to the right. - seating the child in a wheelchair, giving small bites of food w/metal tableware, and encouraging participation. - propping the child in a semisitting position, providing chopped food, and placing it in the child's mouth with plastic tableware.

seating the child in a wheelchair, giving small bites of food w/metal tableware, and encouraging participation

a child with an NGT would be placed in which position to ensure retention of feeds and to prevent aspiration? - supine. - semi-Fowler. - Trendelenburg. - left side-lying.

semi-Fowler

Which intervention would the nurse implement to prevent infection of the newborn in a pregnant client with gonorrhea? - oral antibiotics for newborn. - schedule a c-section. - silver nitrate ophthalmic ointment. - IV antibiotic before delivery.

silver nitrate ophthalmic ointment

which developmental changes require the nurse's assessment in a 12 y/o girl? - motor skills. - visual acuity. - skeletal growth. - hormonal changes.

skeletal growth

which factors place an infant at risk for SIDS? SATA. - breastfeeding. - smoking. - prone sleep position. - AMA. - lower socioeconomic status

smoking, prone sleep position, lower socioeconomic status

at which stage of Kohlberg's theory would a child exhibit fear of punishment? - stage 1 - stage 2 - stage 3 - stage 4

stage 1

Which liquid would the nurse avoid offering an 18 mo after oral surgery? - ice chips. - lime sherbet. - lemon ice pops. - strawberry gelatin

strawberry gelatin

The nuse must restart a peripheral IV infusion on a child. Which would the nurse do to perform the child's sense of security? - inform the child that it will feel like a bee sting. - Ask teh child if the parent should leave the room. - take the child to the treatment room for the procedure. - tell the child that it is important to have a new IV started.

take the child to the treatment room for the procedure.

which behavioral observation indicates normal spiritual development of a school age child according to Fowler? - the child imitates the religious gestures of elders. - the child doesn't differentiate between right and wrong actions. - the child has spiritual disappointment and modifies religious practices. - the child believes God will punish bad behavior and reward good behavior.

the child believes God will punish bad behavior and reward good behavior

The nurse is assessing a preschooler that has frequent episodes of diarrhea as well as poor oral hygiene and dental caries. Which is the most likely cause for the child's health issues? - the family often consumes fast food. - the parents neglect teh child's dietary needs. - teh family does not follow hygienic practices. - the child consumes excessive amounts of fruit juice

the child consumes excessive amounts of fruit juice

which parental statement demonstrates origin of the origin of temper tantrums? - after a temper tantrum, the parent disciplines their child by restricting a favorite food or activity - when a temper tantrum begins, the parent isolates and ignores their child until the behavior improves. - during a temper tantrum, the parent partially gives into their child before the temper tantrum becomes excessive. - the parent tries to prevent a temper tantrum by allowing their child to choose between two reasonable alternatives

the parent tries to prevent a temper tantrum by allowing their child to choose between two reasonable alternatives

which statement correctly identifies how toddlers are different from infants? - toddlers grow at slower rates. - toddlers grow at a lower rate. - toddlers lack the anterioposterior curves of hte spine. - toddlers face difficulties in recovering from URTIs.

toddlers grow at a slower rate

which statement is true about the appearance of a toddler's body? - toddlers have a concave shaped abdomen. - toddlers have slightly inverted feet while walking. - toddlers lack the anteroposterior curve of an adult. - toddlers have a gap between their legs while walking.

toddlers have a gap between their legs while walking

a 30 mo is brought to the ED in acute respiratory distress, and a diagnosis of viral croup is made. Which is the most important equipment for the nurse to have available when teh child is admitted to the pediatric unit? - IV set. - tracheotomy set. - nasal cannula for oxygen. - crib w/padded side rails.

tracheotomy set

which ear position allows for the best visualization of the auditory canal of a school-age child during an otoscopic exam? - up and back. - down and back. - up and forward. - down and forward.

up and back

which nursing intervention is indicated for an infant born with a cleft lip? - changing the infant's position often. - using modified techniques for feeding. - monitoring the infant's daily I&O. - keeping the infant's head elevated during feedings.

using modified techniques for feeding

which topics would the nuse include when providing education for the parent of a toddler? - restriction of 100% juice products. - variety of foods increasing with age. - vitamins to meet nutritional needs. - large portions of all foods at each meal.

variety of foods increasing with age

a toddler is found to have coarctation of the aorta. which finding would the nuse expect when taking the child's vital signs? - irregular heartbeat. - thready radial pulses. - increased temperature. - weak femoral pulse.

weak femoral pulse

a 4 mo infant is admitted with bronchiolitis. Which feeding recommendation would the nurse give the mother? - withhold feedings at this time. - offer pedialyte or other clear liquid. - offer up to 4 oz of formula. - baby cereal followed by formula.

withhold feedings at this time

a 7 y/o child must remain quietly in bed while undergoing peritoneal dialysis. Which activity is the most appropriate for the nurse to plan for this child? - learning to play chess. - constructing a model airplane. - working multiple-piece puzzles. - using a large sponge ball to play catch.

working multiple-piece puzzles

Why would cleft palate closure be recommended before the second birthday? - as the child get solder, the palate gets wider and more difficult to repair. - eruption of the 2-year molars often complicates teh procedure. - you need to have the surgery performed before your child starts to use faulty speech patterns. - surgery is frightening after a child is two, so you need to avoid it at all costs.

you need to have the surgery performed before your child starts to use faulty speech patterns

based on Erikson's theory of development, which recommendation woudl the nurse provide the parent of a toddler who harshly disciplines their child? - your behavior may induce a feeling of isolation in your child. - you need to establish a sense of trust or the child may lose trust in you. - your child needs support and love or may develop feelings of shame and doubt. - you need to control the child's impulses or they may suffer guilt and frustration.

your child needs support and love or may develop feelings of shame and doubt