Pediatric Chapter 29 Ex: 1
Encouraging healthy behaviors in ADOLESCENTS
-Monitor drug use -Allow privacy (HA!) -Sun care
Nurse educating parents regarding obesity, ensure to include...
-Overweight results in physical/psychological problems
Adolescents regarding sexual behavior...
-Refrain or use a condom
The nurse is assisting a toddler to eat a health diet tray. Based on the child's developmental age, what would the nurse say?
-Would you like cheese or peanut butter on your bread (Because child is working through autonomy&Initiative, they should have the choice of healthy options)
Which statement is true in regards to nutrition in children?
The most important role a nurse can play related to overweight and obese children is education
T/F: Accidental firearm injuries have continued in the pediatric population
True
Fewer than __ out of __ children eat the recommended daily intake of vegetables.
-1 out of 3 children
Which age group is at an increased risk of ingestion of harmful or poisonous substances?
-1-2 y/o
Approximately how many children in America are uninsured?
-11 Million
Water heaters should not exceed what temperature?
-120 degrees
What percent of American children are overweight?
-15%
What percentage of children are overweight?
-15%
How many hours a day does the avg 13-17 y/o spend on social media?
-2 hrs
Approximately half of all new HIV cases in the US occur among people younger than what age?
-25
National Institute of allergy and infectious diseases recommends that girls and young women up to age ___ be vaccinated for HPV before being sexually active.
-26 y/o
Which age group is most at risk for foreign body aspiration?
-6-12 months
The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommends that children get at least how many minutes of physical activity per day?
-60 minutes/day
What percentage of burns occur in the home?
-75%
What percentage of adolescents fail to meet the recommended level of physical activity?
-80%
Children are considered overweight if they are between what BMI percentiles?
-85th-95th Percentiles
What BMI percentile would a child be in if they are considered Extremely obese?
-99th Percentile
Which male child has the greatest risk for developing obesity?
-A 9 y/o who eats at fast food restaurant every day
Which child has the highest risk for accidental ingestion of a poisonous substance?
-A child who is visiting grandma
What age group are at the greatest risk for regular drug abuse?
-Adolescents
What is the leading cause of fatal injury in children younger than 1 y/o (Greatest risk 6mths to 1 y/o)?
-Asphyxiation by aspiration of foreign materials
Encouraging healthy behaviors in TODDLERS
-Autonomy and Initiative are Paramount -20-40lb Forward facing seat -Weight >40lb in booster seat
When should dental care begin?
-Begins with the eruption of the primary teeth (6mths) and NO later than 6 months
In children ages 1-4 what is the 3rd leading cause of Accidental death in children?
-Burns
HPV is associated with what type of cancer?
-Cervical
What is the single most preventable cause of death/disease in the US?
-Cigarette Smoking
When counseling the parents of a 6 month old about dental health the nurse should include
-Cleanse oral cavity by wiping teeth/gums with damp wash cloth -Initiate fluoride supplementation at 6 months if h20 is not fluorinated
Fluoride supplementation for newborns should be initiated if the water in the residential area is not fluoridated
-Fluoride supplementation is recommended at age 6 months if the water supply is not fluoridated
What vaccines help prevent infection from human papillomavirus (HPV)
-Gardasil -Cervarix
Regular physcial activity lowers death rates and reduces the risk for the development of what future complications?
-Heart Disease -High BP -DM -Colon Cancer
Environmental tobacco smoke may result in increased risk of
-Heart Disease -Lung Disease -Another word for Secondhand smoke
During the first year, we as nurses should advise against the use of ___ to prevent botulism.
-Honey
Which statement by the child indicates an understanding of safety principles to reduce injury caused by motor vehicle accidents
-I wont play behind parked cars or at the curbside of the street
What are common barriers associated with access to health care in addition to the financial one?
-Lack of Primary Care Providers -Cultural/Spiritual differences -Language barriers -Discrimination -Confidentiality concerns
What are the risks of Smokeless Tobacco?
-Lip cancer -Gum cancer -Throat cancer -Stomach cancer
Boy uses smokeless tobacco, he is at risk for?
-Lip/Gum/Throat/Stomach Cancer
What is the result of prolonged drinking from a bottle after the infant has been put to bed?
-Nursing bottle caries (Tooth decay)
What is the most common disease seen in adolescents in economically developed countries?
-Obesity
-The nurse is developing a nutrition plan with the parents of an overweight 12 y/o child. The parents demonstrate an understanding of the plan by stat
-Our child's calories from sat fats should be no more than 7% daily -Our child should participate in physical activity for at least 60 min/day
Encouraging healthy behaviors in INFANTS
-Parental Bonding -Well baby check ups -Breastfeeding -Food (Rice, Cereal, & 1 Food/Week) -Rear facing seat (Birth-20lbs) -Immunization
The nurse has a 14 y/o daughter who is refusing to wear sunscreen b/c "I want a tan just like my best friend has" What should the nurse say?
-Point out that red, peeling skin takes away from the summer fashions
A young couple is seeking advice about how to help their toddler develop good lifelong health habits. What would the nurse recommend as the best method?
-Role-model a lifestyle that includes exercise and healthy foods
Psychological benefits of regular physcial activity include improvement in?
-Self Esteem -Reduction in Stress -Depression
What would be the best way for the nurse to contribute to the overall achievement of the Healthy People 2020 goals?
-Teach health promotion classes for parents/children at a community center
When an infant begins to transition from breastfeeding or formula to solid foods which is recommended as the introductory food?
-Thinned rice cereal
What is Healthy People's goals for immunizations?
-To vaccinate 80% of all children in the US
T/F: Children who are vaccinated are protected from 10 vaccine-preventable childhood diseases by age 2?
-True
T/F: Parents should be advised to monitor television shows that their children are viewing because 61% of television shows depict violence
-True
There is an increased risk of sudden infant death syndrome in infants place in side-lying or prone positions.
-True
The nurse is educating a parent group regarding accidental poisoning. What will the nurse be sure to include as a measure of prevention?
Remind grandparents to keep their medications out of reach when children visit.
Healthy peopl 20/20 want to improve what areas for children?
Suicide Depression Eating disorders
A mother brings her 2-year-old to the medical clinic with burns to his arms. Based on the risk factors, which statements are correct? (Select all that apply.)
The burns occurred at his home -The burns are from scalding -Toddlers are more vulnerable to accidental burns -The burns are a result of chemicals.
What age group is at greatest risk for regular drug abuse?
Adolescents
A12-year-old tearfully informs the school nurse that she does not "fit in." What is the most appropriate intervention?
Be aware that these feelings are common in adolescents and place the girl at risk for substance abuse, depression, and eating disorders.
The community health nurse is developing a program on obesity in children and adolescents. What does the nurse list as the most common factor contributing to overweight children?
Decreased physical activity
An LPN/LVN is assisting at a community health fair at the immunization booth and needs to be prepared to answer parents' questions regarding immunizations. Which statement is accurate?
Following the recommended immunization schedule will protect children against 10 childhood diseases by age 2.
A nurse is employed in an impoverished area. Nursing responsibilities include teaching proper oral care for infants. What information would the nurse provide regarding prevention of caries?
Giving the last bottle before bedtime and wiping off the teeth and gums with a damp washcloth before bed.
What is an appropriate nursing diagnosis for the adolescent who is experimenting with tobacco?
Ineffective health maintenance related to smoking tobacco
What are some barriers to proper immunizations?
Lack of: -Insurance -Funding -Transportation -Education -Personal/Cultural beliefs
Anticipatory Guidance
Psychological preparation based on developmental stage of a person for an event expected to be stressful as in preparing a child for surgery by explaining what will happen and what it will feel like.
A patient and her newborn son are getting ready to go home. The nurse is doing discharge teaching regarding the use of an infant car seat. Which statement by the patient would be correct?
"The car seat should be secured in the back seat, rear facing until the infant reaches 20 lb."