Pediatrics

The nurse is assesing a child who was just admitted to the hospital for observation after a head injury. What clinical manifestation is the most essential part of the nursing assessment to detect early signs of worsening condition? A. Focal neurologic signs B. Level of consciousness C. Posturing D. Vital signs

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A 12 year old is being treated with Buck's Traction. What are important nursing interventions for this client? A. Remove the traction boot every 6 hours to provide skin care B. Check and clean the pin sites @ least 3 times per day C. Check the area around the hip where the traction is applied D. Verify that the skin traction maintains the extremity in an extended position

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Accurate staging of which tumor is the mainstay of establishing initial treatment for a 12 month old infant with an abdominal mass that crosses the midline? A. Wilms Tumor B. Rhabdomyosarcoma C. Neuroblastoma D. Hodgkin Lymphoma

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Staging criteria exist for most tumors. Which of the following relates to the meaning of staging? A. Assessing the areas unaffected by mestasis B. Rate normal cells are being replaced by cancer cells C. The higher the stage, the poorer the prognosis D. Abnormal, unrestricted growth of cancer cells producing organ damage

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Hydrotherapy is used daily as a part of burn therapy to remove which of the following? A. Eschar B. Denuded skin C. Intact Blisters D. Bacterial growth

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A 2-year old is hospitalized with suspected intussusception. Which finding is associated with intussusception? A. "Currant jelly" stools B. Projectile vomiting C. "Ribbonlike" stools D. Palpable mass over the flank

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A patient is diagnosed with an infection caused by the hepatitis A virus. Which statement, if made by the patient, would indicate the patient needs further teaching about the infection? A. "I will wash raw fruits and vegetablles thoroughly before i eat them" B. "Before I take any over-the-counter medicines I should call the clinic" C. "I might get liver cancer someday because I have this infection" D. "It's important for me to remember to wash my hands after i use the bathroom"

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The pediatric nurse is preparing to admit a 5-year-old with spina bifida cystica that was below the second lumbar vertera. What clinical manifistation of spina bifida cystica below the second lumbar vertebra should the nurse expect to observe? A. No motor impairment B. Overflow incontinence with constant dribbling of urine C. Child will be able to walk, but only with crutches D. Soft, Subcutaneous lipomas

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What clinical manifestation suggest hydrocephalus in an infant? A. closed fontanel and high-pitched cry B. Bulging fontanel and dilated scalp veins C. Constant low-pitched cry and restlessness D. Depresses fontanel and decreased blood pressure

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A 7-year-old male was admitted with a diagnosis of cystitis. Which of the following symptoms would the pediatric nurse expect to find when assessing the child? A. Dysuria B. Costovertebral tenderness C. Flank pain D. High fever

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A 2-year-old child has chronic constipation and it brought to the clinic for evaluation, The therapeutic plan initially includes: A. Bowel cleansing B. Dietary modification C. Structured toilet training D. Behavior modification

A. Bowel cleansing

A 10 yr. old child is seen in the peds clinic with watery foul smelling profuse diarrhea, fever and abdominal pain. The Pediatric Nurse suspects the causative pathogen for this child's diarrhea is which of the following? A. Campylobacter B. Salmonella C. E-coli D. Shigella

A. Campylobacter

A 10 month old female is diagnosed with Vesicourateral Reflux. As a result of this diagnosis, this child is at risk for which of the following complications? A. Retrograde flow of urine B. Glomerulonephritis C. Hematuria D. Bladder cancer

A. Retrograde flow of urine

A 7 yr old child with Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) is on steroids. A common side effect of corticosteroid (prednisone) therapy is? A. Anorexia B. Moon face C. Nausea and vomiting D. Alopecia

B. Moon face

The mother of a 4 month old infant tells the nurse that sometimes there is a whitish "glow" in the pupil of his eye. The nurse should suspect which of the following conditions? A. Brain tumor B. Retinoblastoma C. Neuroblastoma D. Rhabdomyosarcoma

B. Retinoblastoma

A nurse is reading a physiician's progress notes in the client's record and reads that the physician has documented "insensible fluid loss of approximately 800mL daily." The nurse understands that this type of fluid loss can mainly occur through? A. the skin B. urinary output C. wound drainage D. the gastrointestinal tract

A. the skin

Of the following nursing diagnosis, which would the nurse identify as a priority for the infant with tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF)? A. Impaired parenting related to newborn's illness B. Risk of injury related to increased potential for aspiration C. Ineffective nutrition: less than body requirements, related to poor sucking ability D. Ineffective breathing pattern related to a weak diaphragm

B. Risk of injury related to increased potential for aspiration

During a myoclonic seizure, what symptoms shoudl the nurse expect the child to esperience? A. Immediate loss of consciousness B. Brief contracture of muscle C. A strong odor D. Nervousness and excitability

B. Brief contracture of muscle

An infant in the NICU was born with hypospadias; which of the following should be avoided when a child has such a condition? A. Surgery B. Circumcision C. Intravenous pyelography (IVP) D. Catheterization

B. Circumcision

A child, age 3 years, has cerebral palsy (CP) and is hospitalized for orthopedic surgery. His mother says he has difficulty swallowing and cannot hold a utensil to feed himself.. He is slghtly underweight for his height.. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing action related to feeding Jason? A. Bottle-or-tube-feed him a specialized formula until he gains sufficient weight B. Stabilize his jaw with caregiver's hand to facilitate swallowing C. Place him in well-supported, semi reclined position D. Place him in a sitting position with his neck hyperextended to make use of gravity flow

B. Stabilize his jaw with caregiver's hand to facilitate swallowing

Which of the following is a nursing intervention to reduce the risk of increasing intracranial pressure (ICP) in an unconscious child? A. Suction child frequently B. Turn head side to side every hour C. Provide environmental stimulation D. Avoid activities that cause pain or crying

B. Turn head side to side every hour

An 11-year-old girl diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) asks her attending nurse why she can;t take a pill like her grandmother does rather than taking shots. Which of the following would be the nurse's best reply? A. "If your blood glucose levels are controlled, you can switch to taking pills" B. "The pills correct fat and carbohydrate metabolism not protein carbohydrate" C. "Your body does no make insulin, so the insulin injection helps to replace it" D. The pills work on the adult pancreas, you can switch when you are 18

C. "Your body does no make insulin, so the insulin injection helps to replace it"

The nurse teaches the parents of an infant with developmental dysplasia of the hip how to handle their child in a Pavlik harness. Which of the following interventions would be most appropriate? A. Fitting the diaper over the harness straps after a diaper change B. Leaving the harness off while the infant sleeps C. Checking the skin for redness under the straps every day D. Putting powder on the skin under the straps every day

C. Checking the skin for redness under the straps every day

Children with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) need which of the following replacement therapy? A. ACTH B. Sodium Bicarb C. Cortisone D. Potassium

C. Cortisone

A disorder in which the basement membrane of the glomeruli becomes permeable to plasma proteins describes which of the following? A. urinary trac tinfection B. Acute glomerulonephritis C. Nephrotic Syndrome D. Hydronephrosis

C. Nephrotic Syndrome

Oral rehydration therapy (ORS) is a major worldwide health care advance formula. To determine a parents understanding of ORS, the oeds nurse asks the parents to expand on which of the following true statement? A. Administer the ORS after the child stops vomiting using a teaspoon or a small syringe B. Administer the ORS to the child who is vomiting at frequent intervals C. Administer the ORS to the breastfeeding child instead of breast milk if the child is vomiting D. Administer the ORS through a nasogastric tube

D. Administer the ORS through a nasogastric tube

You are preparing for the urinary catheterization of a pediatric trauma patient, and you observe bleeding @ the urethral meatus. Which action has priority? A. irrigate the clean meatus before catherization B. check the discharge for occult blood before catherization C. Heavily lubricate the catheter before insertion D. Delay catheterization and notify the doctor

D. Delay catheterization and notify the doctor

Lyme Disease causes an annular rash commonly seen after a child is bitten by a tick. Select the rash commonly seen in Lyme disease? A. Erythema Infectuosum B. Lyme Scratch Disease C. Erythema Marginatum D. Erythema Migrans

D. Erythema Migrans

What term describes invagination of one segment of bowel within another? A. Atresia B. Stenosis C. Herniation D. Intussusception

D. Intussusception

The pediatric version of the Glascow Coma Scale is used on a 3 year old male after falling from a tree in his back yard. A score of 15 on his chart is associated with? A. Disorientation B. Poor Outcome C. Stupor D. Unaltered level of consciousness

D. Unaltered level of consciousness