PEDS 1 Exam Practice Questions - Chapters 1, 2, 7, 15-21
after returning from cardiac catheterization, the nurse monitor the child's vital signs. the heart rate should be counted for how many seconds? 15 30 60 120
60
a 2-year-old child is receiving digoxin (lanoxin). the nurse should notify the practitioner and without the medication if the apical pulse is less than which rate? 60 beats/min 90 beats/min 100 beats/min 120 beats/min
90 beats/min
What child has a cyanotic congenital heart defect? An infant with patent ductus arteriosus A 1-year-old infant with atrial septal defect A 2-month-old infant with tetralogy of Fallot A 6-month-old infant with repaired ventricular septal defect
A 2-month-old infant with tetralogy of Fallot
3-year-old child woke up in the middle of the night with a croupy cough and inspiratory stridor. The parents bring the child to the emergency department, but by the time they arrive, the cough is gone, and the stridor has resolved. What can the nurse teach the parents with regard to this type of croup? A bath in tepid water can help resolve this type of croup. Tylenol can help to relieve the cough and stridor. A cool mist vaporizer at the bedside can help prevent this type of croup. Antibiotics need to be given to reduce the inflammation.
A cool mist vaporizer at the bedside can help prevent this type of croup.
Chronic otitis media with effusion (OME) differs from acute otitis media (AOM) because it is usually characterized by which signs or symptoms? Severe pain in the ear Anorexia and vomiting A feeling of fullness in the ear Fever as high as 40 C (104 F)
A feeling of fullness in the ear
A 1-year-old child has acute otitis media (AOM) and is being treated with oral antibiotics. What should the nurse include in the discharge teaching to the infants parents? A follow-up visit should be done after all medicine has been given. After an episode of acute otitis media, hearing loss usually occurs. Tylenol should not be given because it may mask symptoms. The infant will probably need a myringotomy procedure and tubes.
A follow-up visit should be done after all medicine has been given.
It is important that a child with acute streptococcal pharyngitis be treated with antibiotics to prevent which condition? Otitis media Diabetes insipidus (DI) Nephrotic syndrome Acute rheumatic fever
Acute rheumatic fever
An 18-month-old child is seen in the clinic with otitis media (OM). Oral amoxicillin is prescribed. What instructions should be given to the parent? Administer all of the prescribed medication. Continue medication until all symptoms subside. Immediately stop giving medication if hearing loss develops. Stop giving medication and come to the clinic if fever is still present in 24 hours.
Administer all of the prescribed medication.
An infant has been diagnosed with staphylococcal pneumonia. Nursing care of the child with pneumonia includes which intervention? Administration of antibiotics Frequent complete assessment of the infant Round-the-clock administration of antitussive agents Strict monitoring of intake and output to avoid congestive heart failure
Administration of antibiotics
What nursing action is appropriate to take when an infant with a congenital heart defect has an increased respiratory rate and sweating and is not feeding well? Check the infants temperature. Alert the physician. Withhold oral feeding. Increase the oxygen rate.
Alert the physician.
A child has a chronic cough and diffuse wheezing during the expiratory phase of respiration. This suggests what condition? Asthma Pneumonia Bronchiolitis Foreign body in trachea
Asthma
What condition is the leading cause of chronic illness in children? Asthma Pertussis Tuberculosis Cystic fibrosis
Asthma
An infants parents ask the nurse about preventing otitis media (OM). What information should be provided? Avoid tobacco smoke. Use nasal decongestants. Avoid children with OM. Bottle- or breastfeed in a supine position.
Avoid tobacco smoke.
selective cholesterol screening is recommended for children older than the age of 2 years with which risk factor? BMI = 95th percentile blood pressure = 50th percentile parent with blood cholesterol level of 200 mg/dl recently diagnosed cardiovascular disease in a 75-year-old grandparent
BMI = 95th percentile
A child with cystic fibrosis (CF) receives aerosolized bronchodilator medication. When should this medication be administered? After chest physiotherapy (CPT) Before chest physiotherapy (CPT) After receiving 100% oxygen Before receiving 100% oxygen
Before chest physiotherapy (CPT)
Parents bring their 15-month-old infant to the emergency department at 3:00 AM because the toddler has a temperature of 39 C (102.2 F), is crying inconsolably, and is tugging at the ears. A diagnosis of otitis media (OM) is made. In addition to antibiotic therapy, the nurse practitioner should instruct the parents to use what medication? Decongestants to ease stuffy nose Antihistamines to help the child sleep Aspirin for pain and fever management Benzocaine ear drops for topical pain relief
Benzocaine ear drops for topical pain relief
What consideration is most important in managing tuberculosis (TB) in children? Skin testing Chemotherapy Adequate rest Adequate hydration
Chemotherapy
What statement best represents infectious mononucleosis? Herpes simplex type 2 is the principal cause. A complete blood count shows a characteristic leukopenia. A short course of ampicillin is used when pharyngitis is present. Clinical signs and symptoms and blood tests are both needed to establish the diagnosis.
Clinical signs and symptoms and blood tests are both needed to establish the diagnosis.
The nurse is assessing a child with croup in the emergency department. The child has a sore throat and is drooling. Examining the childs throat using a tongue depressor might precipitate what condition? Sore throat Inspiratory stridor Complete obstruction Respiratory tract infection
Complete obstruction
An infant with bronchiolitis is hospitalized. The causative organism is respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). The nurse knows that a child infected with this virus requires what type of isolation? Reverse isolation Airborne isolation Contact Precautions Standard Precautions
Contact Precautions
A 6-year-old child has had a tonsillectomy. The child is spitting up small amounts of dark brown blood in the immediate postoperative period. The nurse should take what action? Notify the health care provider. Continue to assess for bleeding. Give the child a red flavored ice pop. Position the child in a Trendelenburg position.
Continue to assess for bleeding.
In providing nourishment for a child with cystic fibrosis (CF), what factors should the nurse keep in mind? Fats and proteins must be greatly curtailed. Most fruits and vegetables are not well tolerated. Diet should be high in calories, proteins, and unrestricted fats. Diet should be low fat but high in calories and proteins.
Diet should be high in calories, proteins, and unrestricted fats.
Decongestant nose drops are recommended for a 10-month-old infant with an upper respiratory tract infection. Instructions for nose drops should include which information? Do not use for more than 3 days. Keep drops to use again for nasal congestion. Administer drops after feedings and at bedtime. Give two drops every 5 minutes until nasal congestion subsides.
Do not use for more than 3 days.
A 3-year-old is brought to the emergency department with symptoms of stridor, fever, restlessness, and drooling. No coughing is observed. Based on these findings, the nurse should be prepared to assist with what action? Throat culture Nasal pharynx washing Administration of corticosteroids Emergency intubation
Emergency intubation
A 5-year-old child is admitted with bacterial pneumonia. What signs and symptoms should the nurse expect to assess with this disease process? Fever, cough, and chest pain Stridor, wheezing, and ear infection Nasal discharge, headache, and cough Pharyngitis, intermittent fever, and eye infection
Fever, cough, and chest pain
A toddler has a unilateral foul-smelling nasal discharge and frequent sneezing. The nurse should suspect what condition? Allergies Acute pharyngitis Foreign body in the nose Acute nasopharyngitis
Foreign body in the nose
The nurse is teaching parents about administering digoxin (Lanoxin). What instructions should the nurse tell the parents? If the child vomits, give another dose. Give the medication at regular intervals. If a dose is missed, give a give an extra dose. Give the medication mixed with the childs formula.
Give the medication at regular intervals.
A quantitative sweat chloride test has been done on an 8-month-old child. What value should be indicative of cystic fibrosis (CF)? Less than 18 mEq/L 18 to 40 mEq/L 40 to 60 mEq/L Greater than 60 mEq/L
Greater than 60 mEq/L
What medication used to treat heart failure (HF) is a diuretic? Captopril (Capten) Digoxin (Lanoxin) Hydrochlorothiazide (Diuril) Carvedilol (Coreg)
Hydrochlorothiazide (Diuril)
The nurse is giving discharge instructions to the parents of a 5-year-old child who had a tonsillectomy 4 hours ago. What statement by the parent indicates a correct understanding of the teaching? I can use an ice collar on my child for pain control along with analgesics. My child should clear the throat frequently to clear the secretions. I should allow my child to be as active as tolerated. My child should gargle and brush teeth at least three times per day.
I can use an ice collar on my child for pain control along with analgesics.
Which strategy is appropriate when feeding the infant with congestive heart failure? Continue the feeding until a sufficient amount of formula is taken. Limit feedings to no more than 30 minutes. Always bottle feed every 4 hours. Feed larger volumes of concentrated formula less frequently.
Limit feedings to no more than 30 minutes.
A child with cystic fibrosis is receiving recombinant human deoxyribonuclease (DNase). What statement about DNase is true? Given subcutaneously May cause voice alterations May cause mucus to thicken Not indicated for children younger than age 12 years
May cause voice alterations
Cystic fibrosis (CF) may affect single or multiple systems of the body. What is the primary factor responsible for possible multiple clinical manifestations in CF? Hyperactivity of sweat glands Hypoactivity of autonomic nervous system Atrophic changes in mucosal wall of intestines Mechanical obstruction caused by increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions
Mechanical obstruction caused by increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions
What is the earliest recognizable clinical manifestation(s) of cystic fibrosis (CF)? Meconium ileus History of poor intestinal absorption Foul-smelling, frothy, greasy stools Recurrent pneumonia and lung infections
Meconium ileus
A 6-year-old child is in the hospital for status asthmaticus. Nursing care during this acute period includes which prescribed interventions? Prednisolone (Pediapred) PO every day, IV fluids, cromolyn (Intal) inhaler bid Salmeterol (Serevent) PO bid, vital signs every 4 hours, spot check pulse oximetry Triamcinolone (Azmacort) inhaler bid, continuous pulse oximetry, vital signs once a shift Methylprednisolone (Solumedrol) IV every 12 hours, continuous pulse oximetry, albuterol nebulizer treatments every 4 hours and prn
Methylprednisolone (Solumedrol) IV every 12 hours, continuous pulse oximetry, albuterol nebulizer treatments every 4 hours and prn
The nurse is caring for a child with carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning associated with smoke inhalation. What intervention is essential in this childs care? Monitor pulse oximetry. Monitor arterial blood gases. Administer oxygen if respiratory distress develops. Administer oxygen if childs lips become bright, cherry-red in color.
Monitor arterial blood gases.
The nurse is caring for a child with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) associated with sepsis. What nursing action should be included in the care of the child? Force fluids. Monitor pulse oximetry. Institute seizure precautions. Encourage a high-protein diet.
Monitor pulse oximetry.
The nurse is caring for a 1-month-old infant with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) who is receiving 23% oxygen via a plastic hood. The childs SaO2 saturation is 88%, respiratory rate is 45 breaths/min, and pulse is 140 beats/min. Based on these assessments, what action should the nurse take? Withhold feedings. Notify the health care provider. Put the infant in an infant seat. Keep the infant in the plastic hood.
Notify the health care provider.
A 4-year-old girl is brought to the emergency department. She has a froglike croaking sound on inspiration, is agitated, and is drooling. She insists on sitting upright. The nurse should intervene in which manner? Make her lie down and rest quietly. Examine her oral pharynx and report to the physician. Auscultate her lungs and prepare for placement in a mist tent. Notify the physician immediately and be prepared to assist with a tracheostomy or intubation.
Notify the physician immediately and be prepared to assist with a tracheostomy or intubation.
Nursing care for the child in congestive heart failure includes which action? Counting the number of saturated diapers Putting the infant in the Trendelenburg position Removing oxygen while the infant is crying Organizing care to provide rest periods
Organizing care to provide rest periods
Pancreatic enzymes are administered to the child with cystic fibrosis. What nursing consideration should be included in the plan of care? Give pancreatic enzymes between meals if at all possible. Do not administer pancreatic enzymes if the child is receiving antibiotics. Decrease the dose of pancreatic enzymes if the child is having frequent, bulky stools. Pancreatic enzymes can be swallowed whole or sprinkled on a small amount of food taken at the beginning of a meal.
Pancreatic enzymes can be swallowed whole or sprinkled on a small amount of food taken at the beginning of a meal.
A child is in the hospital for cystic fibrosis. What health care providers prescription should the nurse clarify before implementing? Dornase alfa (Pulmozyme) nebulizer treatment bid Pancreatic enzymes every 6 hours Vitamin A, D, E, and K supplements daily Proventil (albuterol) nebulizer treatments tid
Pancreatic enzymes every 6 hours
The nurse assessing a premature newborn infant auscultates a continuous machinery-like murmur. This finding is associated with which congenital heart defect? Pulmonary stenosis Patent ductus arteriosus Ventricular septal defect Coarctation of the aorta
Patent ductus arteriosus
The parent of a child with cystic fibrosis (CF) calls the clinic nurse to report that the child has developed tachypnea, tachycardia, dyspnea, pallor, and cyanosis. The nurse should tell the parent to bring the child to the clinic because these signs and symptoms are suggestive of what condition? Pneumothorax Bronchodilation Carbon dioxide retention Increased viscosity of sputum
Pneumothorax
An infant has tetralogy of Fallot. In reviewing the record, what laboratory result should the nurse expect to be documented? Leukopenia Polycythemia Anemia Increased platelet level
Polycythemia
An infant with a congenital heart defect is to receive a dose of palivizumab (Synagis). What is the purpose of this? Prevent RSV infection. Prevent secondary bacterial infection. Decrease toxicity of antiviral agents. Make isolation of infant with RSV unnecessary.
Prevent RSV infection.
The mother of a 20-month-old boy tells the nurse that he has a barking cough at night. His temperature is 37 C (98.6 F). The nurse suspects mild croup and should recommend which intervention? Admit to the hospital and observe for impending epiglottitis. Provide fluids that the child likes and use comfort measures. Control fever with acetaminophen and call if cough gets worse tonight. Try over-the-counter cough medicine and come to the clinic tomorrow if no improvement.
Provide fluids that the child likes and use comfort measures.
A child is admitted with acute laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB). The child will most likely be treated with which? Racemic epinephrine and corticosteroids Nebulizer treatments and oxygen Antibiotics and albuterol Chest physiotherapy and humidity
Racemic epinephrine and corticosteroids
One of the goals for children with asthma is to maintain the childs normal functioning. What principle of treatment helps to accomplish this goal? Limit participation in sports. Reduce underlying inflammation. Minimize use of pharmacologic agents. Have yearly evaluations by a health care provider.
Reduce underlying inflammation.
What do the initial signs of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in an infant include? Rhinorrhea, wheezing, and fever Tachypnea, cyanosis, and apnea Retractions, fever, and listlessness Poor breath sounds and air hunger
Rhinorrhea, wheezing, and fever
A child with heart failure is on Lanoxin (digoxin). The laboratory value a nurse must closely monitor is which? Serum sodium Serum potassium Serum glucose Serum chloride
Serum potassium
What drug is usually given first in the emergency treatment of an acute, severe asthma episode in a young child? Ephedrine Theophylline Aminophylline Short-acting b2-agonists
Short-acting b2-agonists
What diagnostic test for allergies involves the injection of specific allergens? Phadiatop Skin testing Radioallergosorbent tests (RAST) Blood examination for total immunoglobulin E (IgE)
Skin testing
Children who are taking long-term inhaled steroids should be assessed frequently for what potential complication? Cough Osteoporosis Slowed growth Cushing syndrome
Slowed growth
What tests aid in the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (CF)? Sweat test, stool for fat, chest radiography Sweat test, bronchoscopy, duodenal fluid analysis Sweat test, stool for trypsin, biopsy of intestinal mucosa Stool for fat, gastric contents for hydrochloride, radiography
Sweat test, stool for fat, chest radiography
A 3-month-old infant is admitted to the pediatric unit for treatment of bronchiolitis. The infants vital signs are T, 101.6 F; P, 106 beats/min apical; and R, 70 breaths/min. The infant is irritable and fussy and coughs frequently. IV fluids are given via a peripheral venipuncture. Fluids by mouth were initially contraindicated for what reason? Tachypnea Paroxysmal cough Irritability Fever
Tachypnea
Which congenital heart disease causes cyanosis when not repaired? Select all that apply. Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) Tetralogy of Fallot Pulmonary atresia Transposition of the great arteries
Tetralogy of Fallot Pulmonary atresia Transposition of the great arteries
The nurse encourages the mother of a toddler with acute laryngotracheobronchitis to stay at the bedside as much as possible. What is the primary rationale for this action? Mothers of hospitalized toddlers often experience guilt. The mothers presence will reduce anxiety and ease the childs respiratory efforts. Separation from the mother is a major developmental threat at this age. The mother can provide constant observations of the childs respiratory efforts.
The mothers presence will reduce anxiety and ease the childs respiratory efforts.
What statement is the most descriptive of asthma? It is inherited. There is heightened airway reactivity. There is decreased resistance in the airway. The single cause of asthma is an allergic hypersensitivity.
There is heightened airway reactivity.
Why are cool-mist vaporizers rather than steam vaporizers recommended in the home treatment of respiratory infections? They are safer. They are less expensive. Respiratory secretions are dried by steam vaporizers. A more comfortable environment is produced.
They are safer.
A child with asthma is having pulmonary function tests. What rationale explains the purpose of the peak expiratory flow rate? To assess severity of asthma To determine cause of asthma To identify triggers of asthma To confirm diagnosis of asthma
To assess severity of asthma
A 3-year-old child is experiencing pain after a tonsillectomy. The child has not taken in any fluids and does not want to drink anything, saying, My tummy hurts. The following health care prescriptions are available: acetaminophen (Tylenol) PO (orally) or PR (rectally) PRN, ice chips, clear liquids. What should the nurse implement to relieve the childs pain? Ice chips Tylenol PO Tylenol PR Popsicle
Tylenol PR
When caring for a child after a tonsillectomy, what intervention should the nurse do? Watch for continuous swallowing. Encourage gargling to reduce discomfort. Apply warm compresses to the throat. Position the child on the back for sleeping.
Watch for continuous swallowing.
Which intervention should be included in the plan of care for an infant with the nursing diagnosis Fluid volume excess related to congestive heart failure? Weigh the infant every day on the same scale at the same time. Notify the physician when weight gain exceeds more than 20 g/day. Put the infant in a car seat to minimize movement. Administer digoxin (Lanoxin) as ordered by the physician.
Weigh the infant every day on the same scale at the same time.
Heart failure (HF) is a problem after the child has had a congenital heart defect repaired. The nurse knows a sign of HF is what? Wheezing Increased blood pressure Increased urine output Decreased heart rate
Wheezing
what nursing consideration is important when suctioning a young child who has had heart surgery? perform suctioning at least every hour suction for no longer than 30 seconds at a time expect symptoms of respiratory distress when suctioning administer supplemental oxygen before and after suctioning
administer supplemental oxygen before and after suctioning
what type of drug reduces hypertension by interfering with the production of angiotensin II? diuretics vasodilators beta-blockers angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor
angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor
what cardiovascular defect results in obstruction to blood flow? aortic stenosis tricuspid atresia atrial septal defect transposition of the great arteries
aortic stenosis
the nurse is caring for a school-age girl who has had a cardiac catheterization. the child tells the nurse that her bandage is too wet. the nurse finds the bandage and bed is soaked with blood. what nursing action is most appropriate to institute initially? notify the physician place the child in Trendelenburg position apply a new bandage with more pressure apply direct pressure above the catheterization site
apply direct pressure above the catheterization site
decreasing the demands on the heart is a priority in care for the infant with heart failure (HF). in evaluating infants status, which finding is indicative of achieving this goal? irritability when awake capillary refill of more than 5 seconds appropriate weight gain for age positioned in high fowlers position to maintain oxygen saturation at 90%
appropriate weight gain for age
what drug is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor? furosemide (lasix) captopril (capoten) chlorothiazide (diuril) spironolactone (aldactone)
captopril (capoten)
what term is defined as the volume of blood ejected by the heart in one minute? afterload cardiac cycle stroke volume cardiac output
cardiac output
what statement best identifies the cause of heart failure (HF)? disease related to cardiac defects consequence of an underlying cardiac defect inherited disorder associated with a variety of defects result of diminished workload imposed on an abnormal myocardium
consequence of an underlying cardiac defect
what primary nursing intervention should be implemented to prevent bacterial endocarditis? counsel parents of high-risk children institute measures to prevent dental procedures encourage restricted mobility in susceptible children observe children for complications such as embolism and heart failure
counsel parents of high-risk children
a cardiac defect that allows blood to shunt from the (high pressure) left side of the heart to the (lower pressure) right side can result in which condition? cyanosis heart failure decreased pulmonary blood flow bounding pulses in upper extremities
heart failure
a parent of a 7-year-old girl with a repaired ventricular septal defect (VSD) calls the cardiology clinic and reports that the child is just not herself. her appetite is decreased, she has had intermittent fevers around 38 C (100.4 F), and now her muscles and joints ache. based on this information, how should the nurse advise the mother? immediately bring the child to the clinic for evaluation come to the clinic next week on a scheduled appointment treat the signs and symptoms with acetaminophen and fluids because it is most likely a viral illness recognize that the child is trying to manipulate the parent by complaining of vague symptoms
immediately bring the child to the clinic for evaluation
what nutritional component should be altered in the infant with heart failure (HF)? decrease in fats increase in fluids decrease in protein increase in calories
increase in calories
what blood flow pattern occurs in a ventricular septal defect? mixed blood flow increased pulmonary blood flow decreased pulmonary blood flow obstruction to blood flow from ventricles
increased pulmonary blood flow
A nurse is explaining a patent ductus arteriosus defect to the parents of a preterm infant. The parents indicate understanding of the defect when they state that a patent ductus arteriosus: involves a defect that results in a right-to-left shunting of blood in the heart. involves a defect in which the fetal shunt between the aorta and the pulmonary artery fails to close. is a stenotic lesion that must be surgically corrected at birth. causes an abnormal opening between the four chambers of the heart.
involves a defect in which the fetal shunt between the aorta and the pulmonary artery fails to close.
what preparation should the nurse consider when educating a school-age child and the family for heart surgery? unfamiliar equipment should not be shown let the child hear the sounds of a cardiac monitor, including alarms explain that an endotracheal tube will be needed if the surgery does not go well discussion of postoperative discomfort and interventions is not necessary before the procedure
let the child hear the sounds of a cardiac monitor, including alarms
the diagnosis of hypertension depends on accurate assessment of blood pressure (BP). what is the appropriate technique to measure a child's BP? assess BP while the child is standing compare left arm with left leg BP readings use narrow cuff to ensure that the readings are correct measure BP with the child in sitting position on three separate occasions
measure BP with the child in sitting position on three separate occasions
the nurse notices that a child is increasingly apprehensive and has tachycardia after heart surgery. the chest tube drainage is now 8 mL/kg/hr. what should be the nurses initial intervention? apply warming blankets notify the practitioner of these findings encourage child to cough, turn, and deep breathe
notify the practitioner of these findings
the parents of a young child with heart failure (HF) tell the nurse that they are nervous about giving digoxin. the nurses response should be based on which knowledge? it is a safe, frequently used drug parents lack the expertise necessary to administer digoxin it is difficult to either overmedicate or undermedicate with digoxin parents need to learn specific important guidelines for administration of digoxin
parents need to learn specific important guidelines for administration of digoxin
a 3-month-old infant has hypercyanotic spell. what should be the nurses first action? assess for neurologic defects prepare the family for imminent death begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation place the child in the knee-chest position
place the child in the knee-chest position
what sign/symptom is a major clinical manifestation of rheumatic fever (RF)? fever polyarthritis osler nodes janeway spots
polyarthritis
a 6-year-old child is scheduled for a cardiac catheterization; what consideration is most important in planning preoperative teaching? preoperative teaching should be directed at his parents because he is too young to understand preoperative teaching should be adapted to his level of development so that he can understand preoperative teaching should be done several days before the procedure so he will be prepared preoperative teaching should provide details about the actual procedures so he will know what to expect
preoperative teaching should be adapted to his level of development so that he can understand
the nurse is caring for a child with persistent hypoxia secondary to a cardiac defect. the nurse recognizes the risk of cerebrovascular accidents (strokes) occurring. what strategy is an important objective to decrease this risk? minimize seizures prevent dehydration promote cardiac output reduce energy expenditure
prevent dehydration
what structural defects constitute tetralogy of Fallot? pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy aortic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy aortic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, left ventricular hypertrophy pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect, aortic hypertrophy, left ventricular hypertrophy
pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy
the physician suggest that the surgery be performed for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) to prevent which complication? hypoxemia right-to-left shunt of blood decreased workload on the left side of the heart pulmonary vascular congestion
pulmonary vascular congestion
after returning from cardiac catheterization, the nurse determines that the pulse distal to the catheter insertion site is weaker. how should the nurse respond? elevate the affected extremity notify the practitioner of the observation record data on the assessment flow record apply warm compress to the insertion site
record data on the assessment flow record
what action by the school nurse is important in the prevention of rheumatic fever (RF)? encourage routine cholesterol screenings conduct routine blood pressure screenings refer children with sore throats for throat cultures recommend salicylates instead of acetaminophen for minor discomforts
refer children with sore throats for throat cultures
what condition is the leading cause of death after heart transplantation? infection rejection cardiomyopathy heart failure
rejection
the nurse finds that a 6-month-old infant has an apical pulse of 166 beats/min during sleep. what nursing intervention is most appropriate at this time? administer oxygen record data on the nurses notes report data to the practitioner place the child in high fowlers position
report data to the practitioner
72 hours after cardiac surgery, a young child has a temperature of 38.4 C (101.1 F). What action should the nurse perform? report findings to the practitioner apply hypothermia blanket keep child warm with blankets record the temperature on the assessment flowsheet
report findings to the practitioner
a chest radiography examination is ordered for a child with suspected cardiac problems. The child's parent asks the nurse, what will the x-ray show about the heart? the nurse's response should be based on knowledge that the radiograph provides which information? shows bones of the chest but not the heart evaluates the vascular anatomy outside of the heart shows a graphic measure of electrical activity of the heart supplies information on heart size and pulmonary blood flow patterns
supplies information on heart size and pulmonary blood flow patterns
the parents of a 3-year-old child with congenital heart disease are afraid to let their child play with other children because of possible overexertion. how should the nurse reply to this concern? the parents should meet all the child's needs the child needs opportunities to play with peers constant parental supervision is needed to avoid overexertion the child needs to understand that peers activities are too strenuous
the child needs opportunities to play with peers
nursing care of the child with Kawasaki disease is challenging because of which occurrence? the child's irritability predictable disease course complex antibiotic therapy the child's ongoing requests for food
the child's irritability
when caring for the child with Kawasaki disease, what should the nurse know to provide safe and effective care? aspirin is contraindicated the principal area of involvement is the joints the child's fever is usually responsive to antibiotics within 48 hours therapeutic management includes administration of gamma globulin and salicylates
therapeutic management includes administration of gamma globulin and salicylates
what clinical manifestation is a common sign of digoxin toxicity? seizures vomiting bradypnea tachycardia
vomiting
