peds

functional assessment

-safety measures (e.g., car seats and their placement, use of seat belts, smoke detectors, bike helmets). -routine health care and dental care nutrition -amount of "junk food" consumed -physical activity, recreation, play, and organized sports. -sleep behavior and bedtime. -elimination patterns and any concerns. -hearing or vision problems -sexual practices

immunity

ability to destroy and remove a specific antigen from the body.

age 1-4 deaths

accidents unintentional injuries homicide developmental, genetic conditions since birth

health supervision visits

at birth, within the first week of life, by 1 month, then at 2 months, 4 months, 6 months, 9 months, 12 months, 15 months, 18 months, 24 months, 30 months, and then yearly until age 21 includes: H&P assessment, head circumference (until 2 years of age), -Developmental/behavioral assessment screening (vision and hearing) -lead screening, anemia screening, tuberculin test, hypertension screening, cholesterol screening) -Immunizations -Health promotion/anticipatory guidance (injury prevention, violence prevention, nutrition counseling)

FLACC pain scale

face, legs, activity, cry, consolability

Comprehensive health assessment

frequent psychosocial assessments. Issues to be covered include: Health insurance coverage Transportation to health care facilities Financial stressors Family coping School's response to the chronic illness

Large fontanels

associated with down syndrome or congenital hypothyroidism

GU peds

note hygiene male: both testes descended female: no labial adhesions

passive immunity

obtained by injection of exogenous immunoglobulins, or transferred from mothers to infants via colostrum or the placenta.

audiometry

occurs once between the ages of 11 and 14, once between 15 and 17, and again between 18 and 21

BMI 85th-95th percentile

overweight

medical home

provides continuity of care from infancy through adolescence. contains a centralized database that contains all information about a child that pertains to his or her health status.

Screening for curvatures of the spine begin at ___________ when the child is most likely to develop this kind of deformity.

school age

disease prevention

screenings and immunizations

atraumatic care

therapeutic care that minimizes or eliminates the psychological and physical distress experienced by children and their families in the health care system • Avoid or reduce intrusive/painful procedures • Control pain via frequent assessments and use of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic interventions. • Prevent or minimize parent-child separation. • Promote a sense of control. • Provide opportunities for control, such as participating in care, attempting to normalize daily schedule, and providing direct suggestions.

The nurse is admitting a medically fragile child. When planning care for the child and the family, what is the priority for the nurse?

to develop a trusting relationship with the famly

t or f: the babinski reflex in children is + until 12 mo

true

t or f: age 3-6 months are obligate nose breathers

true, allows for swallowing during breast feeding or artificial nipple feeding.

t or f: Any child who "loses" a developmental milestone—for example, the child able to sit without support who now cannot—needs an immediate full evaluation

true, this may indicate a significant neurologic problem

BMI less than 5th percentile

underweight

Stage 2 hypertension in pediatric population

140/90 >

toddlers should have 20 teeth by ___ mos of age

30

autism screening tool

M-CHAT completed at 18 and 24 months or at any point that concerns about autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are raised

Factors placing the infant or toddler at risk for developmental problems include:

Birthweight less than 1.5 kg Gestational age less than 33 weeks Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy Maternal prenatal alcohol or drug abuse Hyperbilirubinemia requiring exchange transfusion Kernicterus Chronic (more than 3 months) otitis media with effusion Lead level above 5 mg/dL Inappropriate parental concern about developmental issues (e.g., not allowing a developmentally appropriate 3-year-old feed him- or herself) Parent with less than high school education Single parent Sibling with developmental problems Parent with developmental disability or mental illness

universal hypertension screening begins at what age?

3 years

point of maximum intensity (PMI), which is located at the third to fourth intercostal space just medial to the child's left midclavicular line until the age of 4 years, at the fourth intercostal space at the left midclavicular line in children ages 4 to 6 years, and then lateral to the left midclavicular line at the fifth intercostal space in children ages 7 years and older

3-4 intercostal space, medial to left midclavicular line age of 4 yrs 4 intercostal space L midclavicular line 4-6 yrs lateral to L midclavicular line @ 5 intercosral space 7> yo older

how many days before a procedure should you tell a school age child about their care, to prevent unwanted anxiety?

3-7 days

by 18 months

SHOULD be able to walk, speak 15 words, understand function of common house hold items, imitative play

causes of death in 0-1

SIDS premature birth

When auscultating bowel sounds, which of the following frequencies would the nurse identify as normal?

5-10 per min

daily exercise goal 6-17

60 mins per day

infant HR and RR

80-150 25-55

Absent red reflex

cataract

after 4 months the infant should have achieved

head control

tympanic temp less than 3

hold earlobe down and back

Hyperresonance

indicates asthma

absence of pupillary reflex after 3 weeks

may indicate blindness

Accrocyanosis

normal up to several days following birth

age 5-14 deaths

cancer suicides accidents (unintentional injuries)

future based

child is active and controlling agent in his or hers own health dominant culture

health supervision

developmental surveillance and screening; injury and disease prevention; and health promotion.

anterior fontanel

diamond shaped closes between 9 and 18 mo

Snellen eye chart

eye chart used by eye care professionals and others to measure visual acuity. -child must know alphabet/numbers -school aged children