PEDS Chapter 72
What is cat scratch fever?
Bacteria from cat. May have fever or malaise. Will need wound cleaning and antibiotics.
How do you diagnose RSV?
Based on symptoms and positive respiratory secretion.
When would a breath-holding spell happen?
Become unconscious after kid hits head or following intense crying (grow out of this by 5yrs old)
During the 2nd week of measles, what does the skin do?
Begins to flake off for 5-10 days
What are some signs of sexual abuse to look for?
Behavior change, abdominal ain, gastric distress, headaches, emotional disturbances, avoid being touched, and vaginal/rectal bleeding or lesions
What is Nevi?
Birthmark. Abnormal skin mark that can be either hereditary or acquired as a result of teratogens
What some consequences of shaken baby syndrome?
Blindness, motor impairment, serious intellectual impairment, and death.
What tests can be done for phenylketonuria?
Blood test by heel stick after newborn consumed formula or breast milk at least 2 days. Test repeated after 2 wks old because baby is discharged after delivery.
What is hookworm infection caused by?
Bloodsucking roundworms, which are found in the ground in unhygienic areas.
What is encephalocele?
Bones in fetal skull do not close correctly and brain may protrude through the opening.
What is concomitant strabismus?
Both eyes look outward
What is baby bottle syndrome?
Bottle feeding after child has teeth. Bottle contents continually coming into contact w the baby's teeth for prolonged periods, results in numerous dental caries (18-36 month olds)
What could meningococcal infection cause?
Brain damage, hearing loss, and learning disabilities.
What complications come with pneumococcal infection?
Brain damage, hearing loss, or loss of limb (FATAL)
What are symptoms of pertussis?
Bronchitis, fever, paroxysms, vomiting from cough, and dyspneic (labored breathing)
How do you diagnosis otitis media?
Bulging tympanic membrane; body prominence are obscured; if eardrum ruptures, bleeding or purulent drainage occur
How is Hepatitis A transmitted?
By ingestion of microscopic amounts fecal matter, close person to person contact, or ingestion of contaminated food or drinks
How can a baby suffocate from a URI?
Cannot cough up mucus
What happens if you dont treat phenylketonuria (PKU)?
Causes severe mental retardation during first months of life
As reyes syndrome worsens, what are the new symptoms?
Change in mental status, paralysis in arms and legs, seizures, and potentially, a decreased LOC.
Surgical treatment for cleft?
Cheiloplasty, skin graft, palatoplasty, prosthesis attached to teeth, dental surgery, or phinoplasty.
What are high risk areas for scabies?
Child care centers, long term care facilities, and prisons
What is the outcome of sexual abuse?
Child represses abuse, flashbacks, nightmares, and self injurious or self defeating behavior years later
What is celiac disease?
Chronic intestinal disorder that involves small bowel inflammation and nutrient malabsorption. (happens within 6mnths of birth)
What around the house can be poisonous for kids?
Cleaning compounds under sink, medications, house plants, and cigarette butts
What are a nurses duteies for T&A postop?
Clear, bland fluids are best; milk tends to form a film in the throat. Popsicle, non acidic fruit drinks, gelatin, and sherbet work well. Avoid red juices and red frozen pop (hard to differentiate from bloody emesis)dont drink through straws, fever might indicate infection or dehydration and the need to force fluids. stay home for one week
How is tetanus (lockjaw) caused?
Clostridium tetani bacteria enter breaks in skin
What are symptoms of RSV?
Common cold symptoms, wheezing, lethargy, irritability, and breathing difficulties with cyanosis occur.
When is talipes common?
Common in boys and birth with multiple kids.
How can pneumococcal Infection spread?
Contact with respiratory secretions directly or indirectly droplets from coughing or sneezing
Later symptoms of tetanus?
Convulsive contractions of all voluntary muscles, seizure like activity, and severe nervous system problems
What is strabismus?
Crossed eyes, inability to move eyes, congenital (found in kids older than 6 weeks of age requires evaluation)
What immunizations do you get when you are 4-6 yrs old?
DTaP. IPV. MMR. Varicella
What are symptoms of poliomyelitis?
Damage to CNS, paresthesia, paralysis, meningitis which leads to loss of ability to move, muscle weakness, and severe head pain.
Rash is the greatest on what day during Measles?
Day 4
What are the nursing considerations for meningitis?
Decrease environmental stimulation, neurological checks, elevate HOB to lessen intracranial pressure, monitor I&O, provide support, and encourage them to express their feelings.
What is Biliary Atresia and what is the treatment?
Defect in the bile ducts that prevents bile from escaping liver, surgery must be performed to relieve the obstruction and also a liver transplant
What happens if hip dislocation goes without treatment?
Deformity later in life, shorter leg and limited abduction on affected leg; person limps and has lordosis(inward curve of spine) and protruding abdomen.
Why would you be hospitalized for rotavirus?
Dehydration
What does emotional neglect include?
Deprived of love, affection, and attention from family caregivers, nor is continually berated, called derogatory names, and told that he or she is stupid.
What is used for treatment of eczema?
Dermatitis packs or therapeutic colloidal baths relieve itching. Antibiotic or cortisone ointments are applied.
After getting bit by a dog, what should happen?
Determine if dog has received rabies immunization. If not, isolate dog and see if it shows signs of rabies. If dog is sick or cannot be found, child must receive prophylactic rabies injection; a tetanus booster may also be necessary
How is streptococcal infections spread?
Direct contact and large droplets
How is measles transmitted?
Direct contact with an infected individual and through airborne droplets
How is Haemuphilus Influenza Type B transmitted?
Direct contact with respiratory droplets causes spread of bacterial infection.
How is RSV transmitted?
Direct or indirect contact with tears, nasal or oral secretions.
How can you spread scabies?
Direct skin to skin contact
How do communicable diseases work?
Diseases that we transmit from one person to another.
What does physical neglect include?
Does not receive adequate food, water, clothing, or medical care.
How is diphtheria transmitted?
Droplet
What is alternate strabismus?
Each eye is dominant at different times and monocular weakness
What tests can you run for rheumatic fever?
Elevated WBC, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR, aka Sed Rate), Positive C reactive protein (CRP), and elevated antistreptolysin-O titer (ASO)
What is eczema?
Exacerbations accompanied by vesicle formation, oozing, crusting, excoriations, and itching. Decreases w age. Worsen in cold weather. tends to run in family.
What are some nursing considerations for spina bifida?
Exam to eliminate pressure areas,good skin care, avoid infections, pay attention to child's positioning, assist child with ROM exercises, refer to specialist, help with urinary incontinence, and provide psychological support.
What immunizations do you get when you are 2-3 yrs old?
FLU
What is the first sign of rubella?
Facial rash
What are some recmmendations for feeding infants with cleft?
Feed slowly, bubble frequent, clean mouth after feeding, dilute solids, and in extreme cases, garage feed
What are symptoms of meningitis?
Fever and nuchal rigidity (stiff neck)
What are early symptoms of pneumococcal Infection?
Fever, cough, dyspnea, otitis media, and chest pain
What are symptoms of varicella?
Fever, itchy rash that turns into crust like lesions that fall off in 1-3 weeks, and pock marks (scars) happen from scratching.
What are symptoms of roseola?
Fever, then rash follows, and febrile seizures.
What immunizations do you get when you are 19-23 month old?
Flu and Hep A
What symptoms come with Haemophilus Influenza Type B?
Flu like symptoms
When would you use Contact Precautions?
For direct contact with the infectious agent.
When would you use Droplet Precautions?
For moisture droplets that connect with humans through close respiratory or mucous membrane contact.
When would you use Airborne Precautions?
For respiratory routes that transmit infectious microorganisms through longer distances suspended in the air.
What is marasmus caused by?
General systemic disease, an absorption problem, neglect, and abuse.
What are febrile seizures?
Generalized convulsions that may start when temp rises above 101.8F, ages 6 month-3years (more common in males)
What is one way you can prevent SIDS?
Get an Apnea monitor (until 1 year of age)
What is treatment for reyes syndrome?
Glucose and electrolyte IV solutions are given to maintain homeostasis, diuretics t o decrease intracranial pressure, vatamin K, and plasma and platelets are given to prevent hemorrhagic complications.
What is the diet like for celiac disease?
Gluten free diet which includes wheat, oats, barley, and rye. cant absorb fats either.
What is latent strabismus?
Great effort needed to overcome muscle imbalance, so child complains of eye strain, headache, and diplopia.
What are nursing considerations of hip dislocation?
Handle child with care. Protect pillow splint or cast from getting wet. Cover perineal area with moisture proof protection. Turn child often. Monitor child's toys, may get placed inside cast causing irritation or skin ulcers.
The extent of a burn for a 3 year old?
Head 15%; each arm 8%; each leg 14%; the front or back 20%; and genitals 1%
The extent of a burn for a newborn?
Head 17% of entire body surface; each arm 8%; each leg 13%; the front or back 20%; and genitals 1%
What is hydrocephalus?
Head swelling and brain damage from spinal fluid collecting if circulation is disrupted
What are complications to otitis media?
Hearing loss, scarred or ruptured tympanic membrane, inner ear infections, mastoiditis, or meningitis.
What are the nursing considerrations for strabismus?
Help with preop or postop surgery, elbow restraints after surgery, speak to child before touching if their eyes are covered, make sure they wear sunglasses.
What is the first immunization a newborn gets?
Hep B
What immunizations do you get when are 15 mnth old?
Hep B. DTaP. Hib. PCV. IPV. FLU. MMR. Varicella. Hep A.
What immunizations do you get when you are 18 mnths?
Hep B. DTaP. IPV. FLU. Hep A.
What immunizations do you get when your 12 months old?
Hep B. Hib. PCV. IPV. FLU. MMR. Varicella. Hep A
What immunizations should a 2 month old have?
Hep B. RV. DTaP. Hib. PCV. IPV.
What immunizations should you get when youre 6mnths old?
Hep B. RV. DTaP. Hib. PCV. IPV. FLU.
What can you do to clear the nasal airway?
Humidity loosens secretions and a bulb syringe clears the muscus
How is bacterial meningitis treated?
IV fluids and anitbiotics
How does rubella effect the baby?
If baby survives, will be born with brain damage, blindness, and heart disorders.
What causes Shaken baby syndrome?
Immature development of infant's neck muscles and violent shaking results in cerebral trauma or hemorrhage
What are nursing considerations for cleft?
family teaching and don't reveal any personal negative feelings about infants appearance.
What can you use for feeding a patient with a cleft?
flattened nipple or cleft palate nipple with flap cover hole in palate. Hold baby upright to avoid milk going into nose
How do you prevent spina bifida?
folic acid.... pregnant woman may need elective abortion
What can be done for a child who has ingested something poisonous?
gastric lavage, suctioning, oxygen administration, resuscitation, characterization, dialysis,blood sampling, xrays, and ECGs?
What is gastric lavage?
getting the child stomach washed out. this will need to be done quickly to prevent as much absorption as possible into the bloodstream
Cleft palate: boys or girls?
girls
What is your nursing duty during a poisoning?
Assist with procedures, document information, support family, and observe for change in LOC, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, unusual behavior, extreme drowsiness, or excitement.
What age does Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)?
At least by a kids 2nd birthday
What is the nursing care for FTT?
Avoid judgement or blame of family, recommend family counseling and education, new or alternative parenting skills can be reinforced; if parents are biological, examine their feelings or pregnancy and having
It is acute otitis media if....
if onset is rapid and short
When is the highest fever during rheumatic fever?
in the afternoon
What is Hepatitis A?
inflammation of liver
It is subacute otitis media if......
it last 3wks-3mnth
How do you verify the diagnosis of celiac disease?
jejunal biopsy and child's clinical improvement when placed on gluten diet.
It is chronic otitis media if.....
last longer than 3 month
Complicated factors of cleft?
lip muscle separated by the cleft, skin thinner than normal, missing hair follicles and sweat glands, flattened nostril on affected side, and missing part of jaw or teeth.
First signs of mumps?
low grade fever, swollen gland, headaches, and general malaise.
What is treatment for tonsillitis?
throat culture, antipyretics for lowing temp, and antibiotic for infection if needed
What is a nursing consideration if the child complains of ear pain?
try warm moist cloth over painful ear.
What is the treatment for PKU?
use low phenylalanine formula in place of milk, avoid breads, eggs, meat, milk, cheese, legumes, hurts, and artificial sweeteners, and eat low protein nature foods
What is pertussis?
"Whooping Cough" is highly contagious bacterial respiratory disease occurring most commonly in young children who have not been immunized.
What is torticollis and how do you treat it?
"Wryneck" Failure of sternocleidomastoid muscle to lengthen as child greows or damage to nerves or muscles. treatment is passive/ active exercises, surgical correction, or casting
What is talipes and how do you treat it?
(clubfoot)Twisted foot due to hereditary factors or abnormal fetal position. Casting and splinting are treatments.(multiple months or years) May have to have surgery for older children to preposition bones.
How often should you offer fluids for symptoms?
1-2 hours
How long does rheumatic fever last?
1-4 months
What is the incubation period for Rubeola?
10-20 days
What are sings of infection for otitis media?
104F, swollen glands, loss of appetite
How many calories do infants require?
110-120 calories per kilogram of body weight per day for the first 6 months, and 95-100 for the remainder of the first year
What age should a child start going to eye doctor regularly?
3
What is the incubation period for pertussis?
5-21 days
How old should you be when you get a flu shot?
6 mnths
When should milk or juice in a cup be introduced to a baby?
6-7 months of age with weaning completely from bottle to cup by 1 year of age
What age is DTaP for?
7 years and younger
What is something you can teach a child about sexual abuse?
About a good touch and a bad touch. Tell them to say no and get help
How is tetanus preventable?
Administration of scheduled series of immunizations using tetanus toxoid, often combined w diphtheria or acellular pertussis
When do symptoms develop during scarlet fever?
After incubation period of 1-7 days
How can you detect spina bifida in the fetus.
Amniocentesis or ultrasound
What is the treatment for pinworms?
Anthelintics (antiworm) this is given to all family members
What is medical treatment for otitis media?
Antihistamines, decongestant, warm moist packs, ice pack, acetaminophen, codeine, antibiotics, and inspection of ears.
What are treatments for febrile seizures?
Antipyretics or tepid sponge baths
The extent of a burn for over the age of 12?
"RULE OF NINES" the head is 9%; each arm 9%; each leg 18%; font or back 18%; and genitals 1%
What are complications of scarlet fever?
ear infections, nephritis, arthritis, cardiac problems, and pneumonia.
What is cataracts?
pupil appears white and red. surgical removal is necessary
What is the first symptom of a contagious disease?
rash
What food is introduced first?
rice cereal then veggies and fruit after that
What foods should you avoid to prevent choking?
round foods, hard food, or smooth, sticky foods (carrots or peanut butter)
What are signs of pinworms?
scratching, teeth grinding during sleep, fatigue, anorexia, and irritability.
What is Reye's syndrome?
swelling of liver and brain
Whats the treatment for rubella?
symptomatic
How is viral meningitis treated?
symptomtically
How long do the tetanus immunization last?
ten years then booster immunizations are necessary for adults.
What are symptoms for Rubeola (measles)?
common cold symptoms
How is pertussis transmitted?
direct contact and droplets
What is ptosis?
drooping of eyelids, congenital and can be corrected by surgery
When treating through the whooping period of pertussis, what precaution should you use?
droplet
What precaution should you use with Haemophilus Influenza Type B?
droplet isolation
What is a polyethylene used for for otitis media?
Tube allows drainage of fluid from middle ear and equalization of pressure on each side of eardrum.
What are the nursing considerations for hydrocephalus?
Turn child frequently,Place child's head, neck, and shoulders on a soft pillow, monitor fontanels, position child away from operative side, may need gavage feedings or TPN, Observe for signs of intracranial pressure, and prepare goals.
What are symptoms for young kids with reyes syndrome?
URI, Flu, varicell, diarrhea, and tachypnea
What are symptoms for older kids with reyes syndrome?
URI, Flu, varicella, vomiting, and lethargy.
What is the treatment for strabismus?
Unaffected eye is parched, eye exercises and drugs to contract pupil of eyes, and surgical intervention
What is spina bifida?
Vertebral or spinal coumn is open or missing.
How do you spread rotavirus?
Via fecal-oral route, contaminated food and water, contact with contaminated surfaces or respiratory tract secretions.
What are complications of meningitis?
Viruses that cause measles, mumps, and chickenpox
What are the symptoms of meningocele and how do you treat it?
Visible sac on back, maybe no disability, muscle weakness, difficulty with bowel or bladder control, and rarely paralysis. Corrective surgery is needed.
What are the symptoms of meningomyelocele?
Visible sac on back, paralyzed, may have bladder/bowel control problems, meningitis, encephalitis, and hydrocephalus.
What are the symptoms of marasmus?
Wasting and atrophy of body tissues, eyes are sunken, head size in small, body temp is low, weak, physical growth lags, and slow brain growth
What are symptoms of rheumatic heart disease?
Weight loss, appetite loss, fatigue, irritability, aches, joint pain, and tenderness in extremities
What is SUID?
When an infant dies suddenly and unexpectedly
When does meningocele occur?
When one layer of meninges herniated through opening in vertebral column
When should a child be able to use pillows?
When they are able to turn themselves due to suffocation
What are symptoms of strep throat?
White patches on tonsils, fever, and complaints of "lump in throat" or "sick all over"
How do you detect spina bifida occultation?
Xray, dimple present over backbone, and a small tuft of hair or port wine stain appears on vertebral area
What is dysplasia and how do you treat it?
abnormal growth or development of a tissue or organ. Place infant in a splint brace or Pavlik harness for 3-6 months
When can you be done with isolation during meningitis?
after 24 of being on antibiotics
What are pediculosis?
Lice, pubic lice, and crabs
Hep B can be an acute disease or a chronic disease resulting in...?
Liver disease or Cancer
What is treatment for poliomyelitis?
Maintenance of respiratory function and long term physical therapy rehab
How do you treat a dislocated hip in a child?
May wear a spica (body) cast for 6-9 months
What is the cause of SUID?
Metabolic disorders, poisonings, hypotheria, hyperthermia, neglect, accidental suffocation.
What is scabies?
Mite that burrows into epidermis and lays eggs
What is paralytic strabismus?
Muscles of one eye is under active
What are a nurses duties for Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy (T&A) surgery prep?
NPO, check for URI, report loose teeth, and give preop medication if needed.
What can you do to avoid eczema breakouts?
New diet to avoid allergy (soybean formulas) and non allergenic covering for crib
What are some tests for Reye's syndrome?
No diagnostic tests but blood and urine test look for metabolic oxidation. Spinal tap, liver biopsy, CT, MRI, and skin biopsy
What is the treatment for pediculosis?
OTC pediculicides to affected area and thoroughly cleaning all clothing and personal articles; generally scalps or bodies need at least two treatments
How does cleft lip and cleft palate happen?
Occur at birth from failure of upper lip and too late to close completely during 2nd and 3rd gestational months
Whats post polio syndrome?
Occurs 15-40 years after having polio symptoms (not contagious)
What age group is TDaP for?
Older children and adults
What age is streptococcal infections common?
Older than 2 year
What is spina bifida occultation?
Opening of vertebral column with no symptoms
Rubeola may cause...?
Otitis media, pneumonia, and encephalitis (inflammation of brain tissue)
What are hemangiomas?
Overgrowth of blood vessels. red, purple lesions that usually do not fade (can be treated with serious of pulse laser treatment)
What are late symptoms of pneumococcal infection?
Pneumococcal pneumonia, meningitis, or bacteremia.
What may Haemuphilus Influenza Type B cause?
Pneumonia, meningitis, epiglottis, endocarditis, osteomyelitis, cellulitis, otitis media, and septic arthritis.
What are symptoms of rheumatic fever?
Polyarthritis, shoulders, elbows, wrists, or knees swell and become painful.
What is the nursing goal for spina bifida?
Prevent further damage
What is treatment for rheumatic fever?
Prevent permanent heart damage and complete bed rest. Acetaminophen for pain and fever. Aspirin for anti-inflammation. Cortisone reduces inflammation. Antibiotics
What are symptoms of hydrocephalus?
Progressive increase in head circumference; seizure, involuntary muscle movements, and my die from respiratory complications, malnutrition, or infection.
What is PIA?
Prolonged Infantile Apnea, Cessation of breathing at least 20 sec or shorter time with bradycardia, cyanosis (bluish skin) and/or pallor
What immunizations should you get when your 4 months old?
RV. DTaP. Hib. PCV. IPV.
How do you diagnose rotavirus?
Rapid antigen detection of RV in stool specimen
What do you document about emotional abuse?
Rejecting and threatening child and lack of supportive emotional concern may e combined w overactive criticism
How do you treat baby with RSV in the hospital?
Respiratory symptoms treated by antiviral agent, ribavirin, administered by mist tent or face mask.
What are treatments for scarlet fever?
Rest and antibiotics
What is treatment for mumps?
Rest, treatment of symptoms, and make sure to tell them they can pass it on
What is the nursing care for marasmus?
Restoration of hydration and nutrition, maintenance of body temp, teach about nutrition and general aspects of child care and importance of hygiene, affection, and play, teach feeding routines, how to hold the baby, keeping air out of the neck of the bottle, and bubbling
What is surgical treatment for otitis media?
Restoring normal Eustachian tube function, otolarynologist may perform myringotomy, tympanoplasty, and myringoplasty reconstruction of eardrum.
How does rheumatic fever happen?
Result from streptococcal infections
What are some symptoms of failure to thrive (FTT)?
Retarded motor development, inadequate social response,withdrawn and apathetic, do not relate to their environment, do not cry, and delayed language development
What are complications of rheumatic fever?
Rheumatic carditis (heart disease) which leads to cardiac failure
What are complications of strep throat?
Rheumatic fever, rheumatic heart disease, and nephritis.
What is the most common complication of rheumatic fever?
Rheumatic heart disease
What are the dangers of encephalocele?
Rupture of meningeal sac, meningitis, or encephalitis
What are symptoms of scarlet fever?
Sandpaper rash w pinpoint red spots that crowd together, tongue is coated w white substance that later disappears (strawberry tongue)
What is RSV?
Seasonal virus that infects upper respiratory tract, the lungs, and bronchioles
What is cradle cap?
Seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp
What is meningomyelocele?
Serious form of spina bifida. Meninges and part of spinal cord protrude through an opening
How can you spread pediculosis?
Sexual contact, infested bed linens and clothing, or close physical contact.
What is the primary cause of otitis media?
Smoke inhalation
What are symptoms of tonsillitis?
Sore reddened throat with swelling, exudate on the tonsils, swallowing difficulty, elevated temp, and elevated WBC
What symptoms go along with diphtheria?
Sore throat, fever, aching, malaise, throat inflammation, and whitish-gray membrane forming in throat
What is a immature hemangioma?
Strawberry mark. Usually regresses and disappears, making treatment unnecessary
What is SIDS?
Sudden infant death syndrome. A healthy infant dies in their sleep.
What are nursing considerations for febrile seizures?
Teach patents most kids dont develop a seizure disorder and teach early management of fever and seizures at home
What are some nursing considerations for breath-holding spells?
Tell them to ignore benign episodes, symptoms are muscle jerking type movements, and make sure to take to ER if the child doesn't recover quickly.
What happens if you dont correct torticollis?
The curvature of upper spine and abnormal elevation of shoulders will result.
The extent of a burn for 6 year old?
The head is 11%; each arm 8%; each leg 16%; front or back 20%; and genitals 1%
How is strep throat treated?
antibiotics (penicillin) as soon as possible, must finish entire prescription
What is treatment for varcella?
antihistamines and anti itching measures (antipruritic meds and bath)
How do you treat RSV?
antipyretics, fluids and rest
What medications are used for influenza?
antiviral or antibiotic medications
What is the treatment for meningomyelocele?
avoid injury to sac or damage to spinal cord.... surgery to prevent infection and preserve nerve function
Who is more likely to have phenylketonuria?
blue eyed and blond with sensitive skin(MELANIN NOT FORMED)
cleft lip: boys or girls?
boys
Early symptoms of tetanus?
Inability to open/close jaw, difficulty swallowing, and stiffness in neck/abdomen.
what is Congenital glaucoma?
Increased intraocular pressure w symptoms of: enlarged, edematous, and hazy cornea and increased tearing, pain, and photophobia
What is toxoplasmosis caused by?
Infected cat or dog feces
How can you spread Hep B?
Infectious blood, semen, sexually related body fluids, contaminated needs, and transmission from infected mother to newborn.
What is meningococcal infection?
Inflammation of the membranes that cover brain and spinal cord
How do you get pinworms?
Ingest the eggs (from having fingers in their mouth), eggs hatch in anal and perianal founds and this causes local itching.
What are the sings of readiness for solid food?
Ingestion of 32oz of milk daily without hunger satisfaction. The disappearance of the e xtrusion reflex. Doubling of birth weight. Ability to sit insupported and lean forward with an open mouth to receive food or to lean back and turn head away(indicating fullness)
What is plumbism?
Inhaling or eating substances such as lead paint (lead poisoning)
What is the treatment for hydrocephalus?
Insert a shunt surgically, allowing fluid to circulate around the defect or blockage
What are scabies symptoms?
Intense itching and pimple like red rashes
What are mongolian spots?
Irregular dark, blue-green areas generally found on lower back.
What should you watch for with rheumatic fever?
Jerky, uncontrolled movements of face, neck, arm, and leg muscles, known as sydenham chorea. Small nodules under the skin on elbows, ankles, legs, knuckles, and the back of the head. Frequent nose bleeds
What happens on day 2 of Measles?
Kopik spots (blueish white pinpoint spots w red rim in mouth) appear. respiratory symptoms increase. child sneezes frequently, eyes are sore and the discharge become purulent and photophobia occurs.
What are the symptoms of celiac disease?
Large, floating fatty stools, anorexia, under-nutrition, distended abdomen and wasted buttock, excessive flatus, and arrested growth. (breastfeeding postpones symptoms because breast milk lacks gluten)
What may be a extreme sensitivity with spina bifida?
Latex
What is amblyopia?
Lazy eye. Subnormal vision in one eye. Blindness ma develop in lazy eye. Treatment is patching good eye, correction of strabismus, and correction of refractive errors.
If child scratches eczema too much, what could happen?
Leads to excoriation, streptococcal or staphylococcal infection, scarring, or eczema hereticum
What are lymphangiomas?
overgrowth of lymph vessels
What is the most common parasitic infestation?
pinworms
Rubella is very fatal for?
pregnant women