Peds Exam 1

An infant is in which age group?

0-12 months

the posterior fontanelle closes within __ - ___ months if not closed at birth.

1-2 months

what is the age range for a toddler?

1-3 years

At what age do kiddos usually eat with a spoon

10-12 months

At what age do kiddos usually turn pages in a book

12 months

a teenager is in which age group?

13+ years

At what age do kiddos usually walk by themselves

15 months

when can babies start to follow objects 180 degrees?

2 months

when can babies start to social smile?

2 months

At what age do kiddos usually track and follow objects?

3 months

babies start to coo and babble around what age?

3 months

when can infants start to hold objects in their hands?

3 months

At what age do kiddos usually ride a tricycle

3 years

a preschooler is in which age group?

3-5 years

babies at this age are more vocal in play/interactions

3-6 months

At what age do kiddos usually roll from back to side?

4 months

by what age should kiddos have full head control?

4 months

when can object permanence start to develop?

4 months

At what age do kiddos usually throw a ball overhead and catch it

4 years

At what age do kiddos usually drink from a cup

5-8 months

At what age do kiddos usually roll from front to back and back to front?

6 months

At what age do kiddos usually sit when propped up

6 months

when can infants transfer objects from hand to hand?

6 months

when can infants usually hold their own bottle?

6 months

when does tooth eruption usually begin?

6-10 months

a school age kiddo is in which age group?

6-12 years

At what age do kiddos usually have stranger anxiety

6-18 months

At what age do kiddos usually respond to own name

6-9 months

At what age do kiddos usually understand 'bye bye" and "no"

6-9 months

when do kiddos start to babble with multiple syllables and even use speech-like rhythm?

6-9 months

At what age do kiddos usually Sit without support

8 months

At what age do kiddos usually say "mama and dada"

9 months

that princer grasp... when can is start to develop? when is it usually fully developed?

9 months; 12 months

At what age do kiddos usually cruise or creep around furniture?

9-12 months

At what age do kiddos usually use push/ pull toys well

9-12 months

kiddos tend to say a few words beyond "mama and dada" at what age?

9-12 months

The anterior fontanel can close anywhere from ____ to ___ months.

9-18 months

The nurse is preparing a 4-year-old for surgery. Which technique is most appropriate? A. Allow the child to play with safe medical equipment B. Limit the teaching to one 1-hour session C. Explain to the child that he will be put to sleep for the procedure D. Use an anatomically correct doll to explain the details of the procedure

A

Which of the following is the primary nursing intervention used to help a 1-month-old infant tolerate hospitalization? A. Using consistent caregivers B. Providing sensorimotor stimulation C. Following the home schedule as closely as possible D. Keeping the infant warm and dry

A

Which should the nurse recommend to the parents of a 9-year-old hospitalized following a bicycle injury? To prevent further injury, their child should: A. Wear safety equipment while riding bicycles B. Read educational material on bicycle safety C. Watch a video on bicycle safety D. Ride his bike in the presence of adults

A

A nurse teaching the parents of a 10-month-old infant about home safety. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.) A. Serve food in small, non-circular pieces B. Tie plastic bags in knots before discarding them C. Install baby gates near stairways D. Set the water heater at 65.6°C (150°F)

ABC

A nurse is assessing a preschool patient. Understanding the growth and development of a 4-year-old, the nurse would expect the child to be able to do which of the following? A. Climb on furniture B. Throw a ball C. Stacks only two blocks D. Scribbles on paper

B

A nurse is caring for a 2-year-old child who is hospitalized and throws a tantrum when his parent leaves. Which of the following toys should the nurse provide to alleviate the child's stress? A. Stuffed animal B. Picture book about hospitals C. Toy hammer and pounding board D. Set of building blocks

B

When assessing a 4-month-old, which of the following sounds would the nurse expect to find as being most recently developed? A. Cooing sounds B. Babbling sounds C. Imitated sounds D. Combined sounds

B

Which activity can the nurse provide for a 9-year-old to encourage a sense of industry? A. Allow the child to choose what time to take his medication B. Provide the child with the homework his teacher has sent C. Allow the child to assist with his bath D. Allow the child to help with his dressing change

B

Which nursing intervention should take place prior to all vaccination administrations? A. Document the vaccination to be administered on the immunization record and medical record B. Provide the vaccine information statement handout, and answer all questions C. Administer the most painful vaccination first, and then alternate injection sites D. Refer to the vaccination as "baby shots" so the parent understands the baby will be receiving an injection

B

Which reaction would a nurse expect when giving a preschooler immunizations? A. The child remains silent and still B. The child cries and tells the nurse that it hurts C. The child tries to stall the nurse D. The child remains still while telling the nurse that she is hurting him

B

Which action is a developmentally appropriate method for eliciting a 4-year-old's cooperation in obtaining the blood pressure? A. Have the child's parents put on the blood pressure cuff B. Tell the child that if he sits still, the blood pressure machine will go quickly C. Ask the child if he feels a squeezing of his arm D. Tell the child that measuring the blood pressure will not hurt

C

Which is the best method of distraction for an 8-year-old who is having surgery later today and is NPO? A. Use the telephone to call friends B. Watch television C. Play a board game D. Read the central line pamphlet he was given

C

Which of the following is an appropriate toy for an 18-month-old? A. Multiple-piece puzzle B. Miniature cars C. Finger paints D. Comic book

C

Which of the following signs of socialization would the nurse expect to see when assessing a 5-month-old infant? A. Displaying a social smile B. Enjoying social interactions C. Smiling at a mirror image D. Exhibiting fear of strangers

C

Which technique should the nurse suggest to the mother of an 8-year-old who does not want to complete her chores? A. Grounding B. Time-out C. Reward system D. Spanking

C

A 2-year-old's mother has just left the hospital to check on her other children. Which of the following would best help the 2-year-old who is now crying inconsolably? A. Taking a nap B. Peer play group C. Large cuddly dog D. Favorite blanket

D

A nurse in a clinic is assessing a 7-month-old infant. Which of the following indicates a need for further evaluation? A. Uses a unidexterous grasp B. Has a fear of strangers C. Shows preferences towards foods D. Babbles one-syllable sounds

D

The mother of an adolescent complains that he has had some recent behavioral changes. He comes home from school every day, closes his door, and refrains from interactions with his family. The nurse's best response to the mother is: A. "You should speak with your son and ask him directly what is wrong with him." B. "You should set limits with your son and tell him that this is unacceptable behavior." C. "Your son's behavior is abnormal, and he is going to need a psychiatric referral." D. "Your son's behavior is normal. You should listen to him without being judgmental."

D

Which of the following suggestions should the nurse offer the parents of a 4-year-old boy who resists going to bed at night? A. "Allow him to fall asleep in your room, then move him to his own bed." B. "Tell him that you will lock him in his room if he gets out of bed one more time." C. "Encourage active play at bedtime to tire him out se he will fall asleep faster." D. "Read him a story and allow him to play quietly in his bed until he falls asleep."

D

Which of the following toys should the nurse recommend for a 5-month-old infant? A. A big red balloon B. A teddy bear with button eyes C. A push-pull wooden truck D. A colorful busy box

D

Which of the nurse's best response to the mother of a 2-month-old who is going to get IPV immunization when the mother tells the nurse the older brother is immunocompromised? A. "Your baby should not be immunized because your immunocompromised son could develop polio." B. "Your baby should receive the oral rotavirus vaccine instead, so your immunocompromised son does not get sick." C. "You should separate your 2-month-old child from the immunocompromised son for 7 to 14 days after the IPV." D. "Your baby can be immunized with the IPV; he will not be contagious."

D

Which would be the most therapeutic response for the mother of a 6-month-old who tells the nurse she dos does not want her infant to have the DTaP vaccine because the infant had localized redness that last time she received the vaccine? A. "I will let the physician know, and we will not administer the DTaP vaccination today." B. "Every child has that allergic reaction, and your child will still get the DTaP today." C. "I will let the physician know that you refuse further immunizations for your daughter." D. "Would you mind if we discussed your concerns?"

D

Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) Varicella Hepatitis B Hepatitis A Rotavirus Meningococcal Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (DTaP) Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) Polio Pneumococcal Human papillomavirus (HPV) Influenza (injection) Influenza (nasal spray) which of these are live vaccines?

MMR, Varicella, Rotavirus and Influenza (nasal spray)

chicken pox isolation precaution?

airborne

measles isolation precaution?

airborne

tuberculosis isolation precaution?

airborne

what does play look like for a preschooler?

associative or dramatic

this stage describes the toddler, the child is becoming more independent, having some control over body functions.

autonomy vs shame/doubt

the stage describes the child from 7-11 years old, thoughts are more coherent and logical, solving concrete problems.

concrete operation

influenza isolation precaution?

droplet

mumps isolation precaution?

droplet

pertussis isolation precaution?

droplet

True or false? A child has a course cough, fever, and mom reports he has been having flu-like symptoms; the nurse still anticipates to administer the child's vaccinations today

false

at what age do kiddo's infant reflexes take predominance?

first 3 months

this stage describes the child from 11 years to adulthood; abstract thought and rational thinking.

formal operation

this stage describes the adolescent; lots of body changes, appearance and what others think is important; peers and establishing own identity are also important

identity vs role confusion

this stage describes the school-age child; following rules and values social relationships

industry vs inferiority

this stage describes the preschooler; developing conscience and learning right from wrong.

initiative vs guilt

this stage describes the child from 4-7 years old; thinking more of others one idea at a time and using words to express thoughts.

intuitive thought

kiddos in this stage of development have a big imagination because they practice...

magical thinking

car seat review

o Backseat, rear-facing as long as possible o Follow manufacturer's height/weight limits o Straps should have the pinch test o Safest place in backseat - away from windows/airbags (but also depends on car make/model) o No bulky clothing under harness - need a good fit

what is object permanence?

objects/things still exist even when they cannot be seen or hear or felt.

what does play look like for a toddler?

parallel

this stage describes the child from 2-4 years old; egocentric, magical thinking, association of words with objects/ symbols and increase in language.

preoperational

At what age do kiddos usually draw a circle or stick figures

preschool

At what age do kiddos usually dress themselves

preschool

At what age do kiddos usually use a spoon, fork and knife

preschool

At what age do kiddos usually use scissors

preschool (5-6 years)

what is an absolute contraindication to a vaccine?

previous anaphylactic reaction

This stage describes the child from birth to 2 years; progress goes from reflexes to simple, repetitive then imitative behaviors.

sensorimotor

why would a child not receive a vaccine at the scheduled time?

significant illness, immunocompromised state ( no live vaccinations)

what does play look like for an infant?

solitary

which reflexes usually last until a kiddo is almost or around 12 months old?

sucking and babinski

words not to use

take or can

At what age do kiddos usually run/jump/climb on furniture

toddlerhood

At what age do kiddos usually scribble/start to draw

toddlerhood

At what age do kiddos usually kick a ball and not lose balance

toddlerhood (2 years)

True or false? A child presents with a runny nose, no fever, but mom says he has had an occasional cough but no issues; the nurse still anticipates to administer the child's vaccinations today

true

are temper tantrum a normal part of toddler development? true or false

true

true to false? in this age group the concept of time starts to develop

true (6-8 years)

this stage describes the infant; learning to trust as needs from the caregiver are met.

trust vs mistrust

what can nurses do to help explain things to preschoolers?

use simple terminology and use medical play