PEDs Finals
The nurse is observing a student nurse who is educating the parents of a child with asthma about how to reduce triggers at home. Which statement by the student nurse requires correction? "Check the local weather report for mold, pollen, pollution, and high ozone levels." "Be sure to use insect traps instead of spraying pesticides." "Replace heating and cooling appliance filters on a regular basis." "You can smoke around your child as long as you're outside."
"You can smoke around your child as long as you're outside."
A child with a refractive error in which the light rays fall in front of the retina would have what issue? 1 Myopia 2 Hyperopia 3 Amblyopia 4 Astigmatism
1 Myopia
At what age does an infant acquire the level of visual acuity needed to recognize a face? 1 month 2 months 3 months 4 months
3 months
Which teaching point should the nurse include in the discharge instructions for a pediatric patient recovering from subacute bacterial endocarditis (SBE)? 1 Fever is expected for several weeks following infection. 2 The patient should be restricted from most play activities. 3 The patient should not receive routine immunizations. 4 Prophylactic antibiotics are required for any dental, oral or upper respiratory tract procedures.
4 Prophylactic antibiotics are required for any dental, oral or upper respiratory tract procedures.
The nurse is providing care to a child with a fractured femur who has been in skeletal traction for 2 days. Which assessment finding indicates to the nurse that the patient has peripheral neurovascular impairment? Abnormal mobility Absent pulses Localized discomfort Pruritis
Absent pulses
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with an adolescent about the prescribed use of his asthma medications. Which of the following medications should the nurse instruct the patient to use as needed before exercise? Albuterol Fluticasone/Salmeterol Prednisone Montelukast
Albuterol
Which of the following laboratory tests measures the waste product of protein metabolism excreted via the kidneys? PT CBC BUN Blood culture
BUN
A nurse is collecting data from a child who has cystic fibrosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.) Barrel-shaped chest Wheezing Thin, watery mucus Clubbing of fingers and toes Rapid growth spurts
Barrel-shaped chest Wheezing Clubbing of fingers and toes
Which term should the nurse use when discussing a child with no sight sensory experience with other members of the healthcare team? Blind Deaf Visually impaired Hard of hearing
Blind
What is the name of the visual appearance of the retina in a child with confirmed retinoblastoma? Cataract opacity Opacity reflex Sunset eye reflex Cat's eye reflex
Cat's eye reflex
Which type of childhood injury is best described as an impact injury that causes hemorrhaging in the soft tissue? Sprain Contusion Dislocation Fracture
Contusion
Which is the priority nursing intervention when caring for a neonate who is born with bladder exstrophy? Palpating the mass to ensure that urine is expelled Covering the defect with sterile plastic wrap Inserting a foley catheter Measuring intake and output
Covering the defect with sterile plastic wrap
The overproduction and excretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from the posterior pituitary results in which symptoms? Kidneys absorb less water Decreased fluid retention Hypernatremia Decreased urine output
Decreased urine output
Jacob, age 17, was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes 4 months ago and was instructed by the LPN to eat fewer carbs, lose weight and exercise more. Today is in for his follow-up appointment. What is the most accurate way to assess Jacob's compliance with his diet and exercise regimen? Reviewing Jacob's blood glucose testing log. Asking Jacob how he thinks he is doing. Drawing blood work for a fasting glucose level. Drawing blood for a HbA1c.
Drawing blood for a HbA1c.
Which assessment data cause the nurse to suspect that a 16-month-old has celiac disease? History of early passage of meconium in the newborn period Foul-smelling stools, flatulence, and weight loss History of chronic, progressive constipation Clay-colored stools and dark urine
Foul-smelling stools, flatulence, and weight loss
Which cranial nerve would be assessed in a child who was in a MVA and now exhibits facial droop? Oculomotor Facial Vagus Hypoglossal
Facial
The parents of a child with a newly diagnosed sensory impairment will likely experience what feelings? Anger and frustration Relief and anxiety Fear and anxiety Relief and anger
Fear and anxiety
A nurse is collecting data from a child who is in the PACU post-operatively following a tonsillectomy. Which of the following indicates postoperative bleeding? Blood-tinged mucus Inflamed, red throat Frequent swallowing and clearing of the throat HGB 11.6 and HCT 37%
Frequent swallowing and clearing of the throat
Which of the following are initial symptoms of a new diagnosis of type I diabetes? (Select all that apply.) Fruity, sweet odor on breath Sudden weight loss Extreme thirst Frequent urination Increased appetite
Fruity, sweet odor on breath Extreme thirst Frequent urination Increased appetite
When reviewing the laboratory findings for a child hospitalized for a third relapse of nephrotic syndrome, which laboratory results would be expected? Hypoalbuminemia and negative proteinuria Hypoalbuminemia and hypernatremia Proteinuria and hyponatremia Hypoalbuminemia and proteinuria
Hypoalbuminemia and proteinuria
A 9 month old male has been diagnosed with dyskinetic cerebral palsy. Which clinical manifestation does the nurse expect to see in the baby? Involuntary wormlike movements Poor muscle coordination Muscle dystrophy Hypertonicity
Involuntary wormlike movements
Which assessment finding indicates adequate peripheral perfusion for a child after a cardiac catherization? Capillary refill is greater than 3 seconds. Sensation is decreased with a weakened dorsal pedis pulse. Dorsalis pedis pulse is palpable, but the posterior tibial pulse is weak. Lower extremities are warm with a capillary refill of less than 3 seconds.
Lower extremities are warm with a capillary refill of less than 3 seconds.
A patient is diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. What medication does the nurse anticipate administering to this patient? Cortisol Methimazole Levothyroxine Ketoconazole
Methimazole
The pediatric nurse is interpreting laboratory values for a patient suspected of having ulcerative colitis. Which finding does the nurse anticipate based on the diagnosis? Decreased sedimentation rate Decreased white blood cell count Protein in the urine Microcytic anemia
Microcytic anemia
The nurse caring for a child with severe pruritus knows that which of the following findings are not consistent with a scabies diagnosis? 1 Superficial red streaks or "burrows" on skin 2 The presence of red streaks or "burrows" on other members of the family 3 Mild regional swollen lymph nodes 4 Skin scrapings containing microscopic mites, ova, and feces
Mild regional swollen lymph nodes
Which insulin type is intermediate acting and cloudy with an onset of 1-2 hours, a peak of 6-12 hours, and a duration of 18-26 hours? Humalog Regular NPH Lantus
NPH
A school-age child with a new long-leg cast is complaining of increasing pain. What should the nurse do? Elevate the limb on a pillow Provide a distraction Notify the healthcare provider Medicate for pain
Notify the healthcare provider
A 2 month old with a congenital heart defect is admitted to the PICU with congestive heart failure. Which intervention should the nurse include in the infant's plan of care? Giving larger feeds less often to conserve energy Organizing activities to allow for uninterrupted sleep Monitoring respirations during active periods Forcing fluids appropriate for age
Organizing activities to allow for uninterrupted sleep
Which information should the nurse include in order to prevent noise-induced hearing loss for pediatric patients? Avoid the use of ear plugs Participate in annual screenings Stand close to amplifiers during live music Use a cotton tipped applicator for wax removal
Participate in annual screenings
The nurse is teaching parents how to prevent the spread of infectious disease. Which priority health-promotion strategy should the nurse recommend for all age groups of children? Decreasing environmental exposure to pathogens Performing hand hygiene Ensuring that all toys are clean and free from germs Keeping children away from sick adults
Performing hand hygiene
What are the most common causes of ROP? Prematurity and oxygen therapy Prematurity and bright lights Oxygen therapy and loud noises Bright lights and oxygen therapy
Prematurity and oxygen therapy
Which clinical data noted by the nurse during the shift assessment indicate that the pediatric client may be experiencing compartment syndrome? (Select all that apply.) Pink, warm extremity Dorsalis pedis present Prolonged capillary refill time Paresthesia of the leg Pain not relieved by pain medication
Prolonged capillary refill time Paresthesia of the leg Pain not relieved by pain medication
The nurse is reviewing an ECG of a patient admitted to Children's 3. Which segment of the ECG tracing indicates the ventricles are contracting and sending blood to the body and lungs? P wave T wave QRS complex ST segment
QRS complex
What is the priority in caring for a child with a newly placed hip spica cast? Report any changes in discomfort. Confirm parents' understanding of the purpose and care of the cast. Report any changes in circulation, sensation, and movement. Determine if the fracture was caused by intentional injury.
Report any changes in circulation, sensation, and movement.
Leukocoria is a sign associated with what visual disorder? Myopia Conjunctivitis Retinoblastoma Hyperopia
Retinoblastoma
The nurse is providing care to an 8 year boy who presents to the clinic with a fever, sore throat and non-itching rash on the trunk and surfaces of the extremities. Which cardiac disease process does the nurse suspect? Congestive heart failure Rheumatic fever Subacute bacterial endocarditis (SBE) Kawasaki disease
Rheumatic fever
A 3-year-old patient is admitted to the hospital with suspected congenital heart disease. Upon auscultating the heart sounds and a full assessment, which clinical finding confirms the nurse's suspicion? Capillary refill less than 2 seconds S1 & S2 Warm extremities S3 & S4
S3 & S4
A child is diagnosed with maple syrup urine disease (MSUD). The nurse knows that without treatment for this disorder the child may develop what symptom? Polyuria Dysuria Seizures Blurred vision
Seizures
During a well-baby visit, the nurse notes retinal hemorrhages in the eyes of an 8-month-old child. Which health problem would the nurse suspect is occurring with this patient? Meningitis Increased intracranial pressure Spinal cord injury Shaken baby syndrome
Shaken baby syndrome
Which finding does the LPN report to the charge nurse for an infant suspected of having unilateral developmental dysplasia/dislocation of the hip (DDH)? Telescoping of the affected limb Lordosis Shortened leg on the affected side Trendelenburg sign
Shortened leg on the affected side
The nurse is assisting in the assessment of a school-aged patient who reports hip pain all week. When assessing the right hip, the nurse finds that the hip does not fully rotate internally, abduction is limited and the child is limping while ambulating. Based on these data findings, which condition might the nurse suspect? Slipped capital femoral epiphysis Legg-Calve Perthes Disease Left hip and femur fracture Osgood-Schlatter disease
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
The LPN/LVN observes the RN assessing a newborn patient. Which sense does the LPN/LVN expect to be fully intact upon birth? Taste Smell Vision Muscle tone
Smell
An infant is diagnosed with galactosemia. What formula should the parents be instructed to use when feeding this infant? Cow's milk Soy milk Goat's milk breastmilk
Soy milk
A nurse is reviewing the diagnostic findings for a preschooler who is suspected of having Cystic Fibrosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of CF? Increased serum levels of fat-soluble vitamins Sweat chloride content 85 mEq/L 72 hour stool analysis sample indicating hard, packed stool Chest x-ray negative for atelectasis
Sweat chloride content 85 mEq/L
A nurse recognizes which of the following signs and symptoms of dehydration for a child who presents with diarrhea and vomiting? Tachycardia Increased urine output Moist pink lips Bradycardia
Tachycardia
The nurse on a pediatric surgical floor is attending to the parents of a child after surgery for advanced retinoblastoma. Which type of long-term care for the child would the nurse offer the parents? 1 Techniques for care following enucleation 2 Technique for checking the child's remaining eye for the condition 3 Care during radiation and chemotherapy 4 Medication administration for pain related to the condition
Techniques for care following enucleation
A teacher states to the school nurse, "I have a student who often just stares at me for 15 seconds after being asked a question; then the student blinks and asks me to repeat the question. Should I be concerned? " Which statement should the nurse include in the response to the teacher? The child has increased ICP. The child may have had a head injury. The child may have Reye syndrome. The child is experiencing absence seizures.
The child is experiencing absence seizures.
Why would a 2 year old have a higher risk for OM than a 10 year old? The natural slant of the eustachian tube The anatomical location of the eustachian tube Their genetic immune function The natural sugars present in milk
The natural slant of the eustachian tube
A mother reports to the nurse that her child has been feeling hot, has an increased appetite and has been losing weight. The nurse suspects that the child may have an issue with what endocrine gland? Thyroid Pituitary Adrenal Pancreas
Thyroid
Which of the following endocrine glands is correctly paired with its location? Pancreas - superior to the kidneys Thyroid - in the neck Ovaries - in front of the fallopian tubes Adrenal glands - in the pelvis
Thyroid - in the neck
Cutaneous fungal infections occur in various areas on the body and are generally named according to the location. The nurse documents a cutaneous fungal infection on the toenails as which of the following? Tinea unguium Tinea pedis Tinea corporis Tinea capitis
Tinea unguium
The nurse is providing care for an immobilized child. Which pediatric patient would benefit from tossing a large ball and playing with large trucks? Teenagers School-aged child Toddlers Preschoolers
Toddlers
What vitamin deficiency is the leading cause of preventable blindness? Vitamin A Vitamin B Vitamin D Vitamin K
Vitamin A
A nurse is collecting data from a child who has asthma. Which of the following are indications of deterioration in the child's respiratory status? (Select all that apply.) Oxygen saturation 95% Wheezing Warm extremities Retraction of sternal muscles Nasal flaring
Wheezing Retraction of sternal muscles Nasal flaring
The nurse assesses an infant with suspected congenital heart disease. The nurse notes which findings are specific to patent ductus arteriosus? Wide pulse pressure Weak pulses Fluctuating blood pressures Right to left shunt Systolic heart murmur
Wide pulse pressure Fluctuating blood pressures Systolic heart murmur
The nurse is caring for a child who has just experienced a generalized seizure. Which of the following is the priority action for the nurse to take? Try to determine the seizure trigger Position the child in a side-lying position Reorient the child to the environment Note the time of the postictal period
Position the child in a side-lying position
A nurse is providing room/bed assignments for a child placed on neutropenic precautions. What type of room should the nurse assign this patient? Private room Positive pressure room Room with same age patient Negative pressure room
Positive pressure room
A child with a history of seizures arrives in the emergency department in status epilepticus. What is the priority nursing action? Taking vital signs Establishing an IV line Maintaining a patent airway Performing a rapid neurological assessment
Maintaining a patent airway
The LPN/LVN observes the RN assessing a school-age patient with a fever and lethargy. The RN flexes the child's neck, which causes the knees and hips to suddenly flex. For which condition is the RN assessing the patient? Meningitis Intraventricular hemorrhage Lead poisoning Seizure disorder
Meningitis
The nurse is providing education to a school-aged child recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). Which item will the nurse include in the teaching plan regarding sick day management? Holding the prescribed dose of insulin. Encouraging exercise every 24 hours. Monitoring for ketones after each void. Monitoring blood glucose every 8 hours.
Monitoring for ketones after each void.
The nurse is caring for an adolescent with congestive heart failure. Which clinical finding indicates adherence to the prescribed medical regimen? No change in daily weight A pulse rate of 120 beats/min Nausea or vomiting Weight gain
No change in daily weight
A nurse is discussing immunity and how it refers to the body's ability to develop antibodies against specific bacteria, viruses, and toxins. What statement by the parent requires further instruction? "Vaccines prevent future illnesses." "Some vaccines can provide lifelong immunity." "The flu vaccine provides lifelong immunity." "Vaccines often require multiple doses."
"The flu vaccine provides lifelong immunity."
A child presents with a barking cough and when auscultating the lungs, the nurse notes stridor upon inspiration. The nurse suspects that the child has which respiratory infection? Epiglottitis Tonsillitis Croup Asthma
Croup
During the assessment of a child, the nurse notices the presence of vesicles that are oozing honey-colored fluid on the child's legs. Which condition would the nurse suspect? Nodule Wheal Impetigo Tinea Capitis
Impetigo
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a group of caregivers about fractures. Which of the following information should the nurse include? "Epiphyseal plate injuries can result in altered bone growth." "A greenstick fracture is a complete break in the bone." "Bones are unable to bend, so they break." "Children need a longer time to heal from a fracture than an adult."
"Epiphyseal plate injuries can result in altered bone growth."
The nurse is educating the parents of a child diagnosed with C. Diff on proper precautions for infection control. Which statement by the parents indicates to the nurse that more education is needed? "Staff will wear gowns and gloves when caring for the child." "A sign will be placed on the door of our child's room to indicate that she is in isolation." "C. Diff can be spread by contact with our child's fecal matter." "Everyone should use hand sanitizer upon entering and leaving our child's room."
"Everyone should use hand sanitizer upon entering and leaving our child's room."
Which statement made by the mother of a child suffering from eczema alerts the nurse to the need for more teaching? "I will keep the affected areas clean and dry to prevent infection." "I will use baby wipes to clean the affected areas between baths." "We will stop using bubble bath." "I will apply a non-scented lotion after bath time."
"I will use baby wipes to clean the affected areas between baths."
The nurse is reviewing the treatment plan for a child diagnosed with nasopharyngitis with the child's parent Which statement by the parent requires correction? "I can give my child an antihistamine if my child has itchy eyes." "I should encourage my child to rest." "My child will need to take antibiotics for 5 to 7 days." "I should give my child antipyretics as needed."
"My child will need to take antibiotics for 5 to 7 days."
The parents ask the nurse why their child is in skeletal traction. The nurse knows that the parents understand the primary reason for skeletal traction when they give which response? "To control the swelling." "To align the ends of the fractured bone." "To control the bleeding." "To reduce the pain."
"To align the ends of the fractured bone."
A postpartum mother is upset and asks why the doctor ordered blood tests for her newborn 24 hours after birth. How should the nurse respond? "We need to test for metabolic disorders that can be deadly if they go untreated." "We need to analyze the blood determine paternity of your baby." "Why are you so upset about your baby's blood tests?" "We need to check your baby's electrolytes to see if there are signs of dehydration."
"We need to test for metabolic disorders that can be deadly if they go untreated."
The nurse is providing care to a 4 year old patient who is experiencing nocturnal incontinence. Which parental statement indicates the need for further education? "We should limit fluids after lunchtime." "Bed wetting is typically self-limiting." "Bed wetting can be treated with a drug that reduces urine production at night." "We should not punish our child for bed wetting."
"We should limit fluids after lunchtime."
Which parental statement at the end of a teaching session by the nurse indicates correct understanding of colostomy stoma care for the infant client? "We will expect a moderate amount of bleeding after cleansing the area around the stoma." "We will watch for skin irritation around the stoma." "We will use adhesive enhancers when we change the bag." "We will change the colostomy bag with each wet diaper."
"We will watch for skin irritation around the stoma."
The nurse is attempting to relieve the fear of a parent whose child was just diagnosed with asthma. Which of the following statements is the best example of therapeutic communication? 1 " I will go over the procedures for administering the inhaler with you." 2 "Make sure you watch your child carefully when the child exercises." 3 "You probably have someone else with asthma in your family whom you can talk to." 4 "Why are you so afraid?"
1 " I will go over the procedures for administering the inhaler with you."
Which adolescent statements indicate the need for further education related to the prevention and treatment of acne? (Select all that apply.) 1 "I should use my topical medication only when acne is present." 2 "I should stay away from greasy foods such as pizza." 3 "I should wash my face each day with an approved cleanser." 4 "I should shampoo my hair only once per week." 5 "I should wash my hands frequently and avoid touching my face."
1 "I should use my topical medication only when acne is present." 2 "I should stay away from greasy foods such as pizza." 4 "I should shampoo my hair only once per week."
A parent asks the nurse how severe childhood immunization reactions are reported. What is the nurse's best response? 1 "Severe reactions are reported to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS)." 2 "Severe reactions are reported to the local health department." 3 "Severe reactions are reported to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)." 4 "Severe reactions are reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)."
1 "Severe reactions are reported to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS)."
The mother of a toddler with a congenital visual impairment asked the nurse what caused the visual impairment. How should the nurse respond? 1 "The impairment may be genetic." 2 "Your child has some kind of disease that caused this." 3 "It is likely due to some kind of trauma to the eye." 4 "Have you ever shaken your baby?"
1 "The impairment may be genetic."
A school-aged child sustained a soft tissue injury while playing soccer. What does the nurse suggest the parents do immediately? (Select all that apply.) 1 Apply ice to the site of the injury. 2 Have the child lie down or sit down and rest the injured extremity. 3 Elevate the extremity. 4 Offer the child an appointment to see an orthopedist. 5 Apply compression to the site to reduce the chance of swelling. 6 Administer an opioid pain medication to immediately control pain.
1 Apply ice to the site of the injury. 2 Have the child lie down or sit down and rest the injured extremity. 3 Elevate the extremity. 5 Apply compression to the site to reduce the chance of swelling.
Linda, a licensed practical nurse (LPN) sees that it is time for her 5 year old patient's digoxin. How should Linda prepare to administer this medication? (Select all that apply.) 1 Confirm the dose on hand matches the ordered dose. 2 Take the patient's temperature before administration. 3 Take the child's pulse for one full minute. 4 Use two identifiers to confirm the correct patient is receiving the medication. 5 Ask the patient if she would like to take the medication.
1 Confirm the dose on hand matches the ordered dose. 3 Take the child's pulse for one full minute. 4 Use two identifiers to confirm the correct patient is receiving the medication.
Which of the following is the correct method for mixing insulin? 1 Draw up clear insulin into a syringe, then draw up cloudy insulin. 2 Draw up cloudy into a syringe and clear in another then mix them up. 3 Draw up cloudy insulin into a syringe, then draw up clear insulin. 4 Draw up cloudy and clear insulins in separate syringes and administer them separately; they cannot be mixed.
1 Draw up clear insulin into a syringe, then draw up cloudy insulin.
The nurse is explaining the 20-20-20 rule for screen time. Which of the following is the correct explanation? 1 Every 20 minutes you should take a 20-second break and focus on something 20 feet away. 2 Every 20 minutes you should take a 20-minute break from screen time and blink 20 times. 3 Every 20 minutes you should take a 20-second break from screen time and blink 20 times. 4 Every 20 minutes you should take a 20-minute break from screen time and focus on something 20 feet away.
1 Every 20 minutes you should take a 20-second break and focus on something 20 feet away.
When taking care of a patient with traction, the nurse knows to observe which of the following actions? (Select all that apply.) 1 Frequently checking the child's centering on the bed and alignment of the traction. 2 Reporting any incident of the weights found on the floor 3 Use of the mnemonic RICE in assessing the patient 4 Placing the weights on the bed when transporting the patient 5 Frequently evaluating neurovascular integrity
1 Frequently checking the child's centering on the bed and alignment of the traction. 2 Reporting any incident of the weights found on the floor 5 Frequently evaluating neurovascular integrity
While teaching new parents about the need to protect their premature infant's hearing in the NICU setting, which of the following would be included in the teaching? 1 Keep the noise level down to prevent the startle reflex 2 Keep the isolette covered with blankets to prevent exposure to sensory stimulation 3 Immediately notify a nurse if you hear the infant's monitor going off 4 Monitor the infant's temperature to assess for a fever
1 Keep the noise level down to prevent the startle reflex
When providing care to a child admitted to the hospital in order to rule out appendicitis, which of the following interventions should the nurse consider? (Select all that apply.) 1 Maintain NPO status. 2 Assess the child's last oral intake. 3 Perform light and deep abdominal palpation to assess for pain. 4 Prepare the child and family for a surgical appendectomy. 5 Reassure the family that a sudden relief from pain related to appendicitis is a good sign.
1 Maintain NPO status. 2 Assess the child's last oral intake. 4 Prepare the child and family for a surgical appendectomy.
A child is brought to the pediatric clinic with an inflamed eye oozing purulent drainage. The parent denies a history of allergies or trauma, and the nurse cannot identify any foreign body in the eye. Which conclusion would the nurse draw from the findings? 1 The cause is likely to be conjunctivitis from a bacterial infection. 2 The child has a viral infection of the eye. 3 The rest of the family will also get the infection. 4 The child's condition is not contagious.
1 The cause is likely to be conjunctivitis from a bacterial infection.
The nurse performs a neuromuscular assessment of a child who is in Russel's traction. Which assessment findings indicate the need for further intervention? (Select all that apply.) 1 The child has a cap refill time of more than 3 seconds. 2 The child experiences a pain rating of 6 on an age appropriate numeric pain rating scale. 3 The child feels the distal part of the extremity when touched by the nurse. 4 The child's toes are cold and appear dusky. 5 The child does not have a significant amount of edema in the extremity.
1 The child has a cap refill time of more than 3 seconds. 2 The child experiences a pain rating of 6 on an age appropriate numeric pain rating scale. 4 The child's toes are cold and appear dusky.
Which statement by the nurse accurately describes the difference between the respiratory tract system of a child and an adult? 1 The epiglottis in the younger child is longer and flaccid, making it more susceptible to swelling that may lead to airway occlusion. 2 The larynx and the glottis are lower in the younger child's neck, which makes the child more prone to aspiration. 3 The nares in children are larger in size, shallow in depth, underdeveloped and less easily occluded. 4 There are fewer functional muscles in the neck and the decreased amount of soft tissue makes the child more susceptible to infection and edema.
1 The epiglottis in the younger child is longer and flaccid, making it more susceptible to swelling that may lead to airway occlusion.
Which statement accurately describes the structures of the heart? 1 The right atrium and ventricle circulate deoxygenated blood to the lungs. 2 The left atrium and ventricle circulate deoxygenated blood to the lungs. 3 The atria, ventricles, heart valves and cardiac vessels are formed and begin primitive functioning around the sixth week of pregnancy. 4 Oxygenated blood cycles to the right atrium and ventricle to pumped to the rest of the body.
1 The right atrium and ventricle circulate deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
The most important nursing consideration for burns is prevention, and family education on burn prevention must focus on the developmental age of the child in the home. What anticipatory guidance on burn prevention is appropriate for homes with toddlers? (Select all that apply.) 1 Turn handles of pans toward the back of the stove. 2 Use only front burners of the stove when possible. 3 Teach fire safety around cars and gas stations. 4 Test bath water before placing the child in the bathtub. 5 Have the child check batteries in the smoke detectors.
1 Turn handles of pans toward the back of the stove. 4 Test bath water before placing the child in the bathtub.
The nurse is reinforcing teaching by the RN to the parent of a toddler diagnosed with bacterial conjunctivitis. Which information would be most important to emphasize with the parent? 1 Use medication in both eyes for the prescribed time. 2 Wash hands only after applying medication. 3 Return child to daycare within 24 hours of treatment. 4 Antibiotics will kill bacteria and promote healing.
1 Use medication in both eyes for the prescribed time.
The nurse explains that a ventricular septal defect (VSD) will allow: 1 blood to shunt from left to right causing increased pulmonary blood flow and no cyanosis 2 blood to shunt right to left causing decreased pulmonary flow and cyanosis 3 no shunting because of high pressure in the left ventricle 4 increased pressure in the left atrium, impeding circulation of oxygenated blood in the circulating blood volume
1 blood to shunt from left to right causing increased pulmonary blood flow and no cyanosis
A nurse is caring for a child newly diagnosed with type I diabetes. The nurse plans her care based on the understanding: 1 there is an absolute deficiency of insulin 2 oral hypoglycemic agents will help to control the disease 3 the pancreas is still producing small amounts of insulin 4 metformin is the first line of medication used in treating pediatric type I diabetics
1 there is an absolute deficiency of insulin
The nurse is presenting staff education about sensory disorders in children. Which comment by an attending staff member would indicate the need for additional education? 1 "Children who are diagnosed as blind lack all visual ability." 2 "Deafness is the inability of the brain to process acoustic stimuli." 3 "Visual impairment can mean blindness in some cases." 4 "People can make themselves hard of hearing with noise exposure."
3 "Visual impairment can mean blindness in some cases."
An infant who is diagnosed with a mild heart defect will not have surgical intervention for at least 2 years. Which information should the nurse include in the discharge teaching regarding management in the home environment? 1 "Your child will have a low grade fever until the defect is repaired" 2 "It is important for your child to maintain normal activity" 3 "It is important to avoid antipyretics for the treatment of fever" 4 "Your child is not at risk for congestive heart failure"
2 "It is important for your child to maintain normal activity"
What is the current CDC guideline for a serum lead level that shows lead poisoning in children? 5 mcg/dl 10 mcg/dl 20 mcg/dl 25 mcg/dl
10 mcg/dl
What parental statements indicate correct understanding of the care that is needed for a pediatric patient after the insertion of tympanostomy tubes? (Select all that apply.) 1 "It is important to limit my child's diet after surgery and allow only soft, bland foods." 2 "I will remind my child to use ear plugs prior to showering and swimming." 3 "I should restrict my child to quiet activities after surgery." 4 "It is important for my child to drink plenty of fluids after the procedure." 5 "I should plan to administer a decongestant to my child for 1-2 weeks following surgery."
2 "I will remind my child to use ear plugs prior to showering and swimming." 3 "I should restrict my child to quiet activities after surgery." 4 "It is important for my child to drink plenty of fluids after the procedure."
The parents of a child with a new diagnosis of JIA asks why the child has so much pain. What would a correct response from the nurse be? 1 "Adherence to anti-inflammatory medications will reduce overall pain." 2 "This disease destroys the joint tissues that normally lubricate the joint and make motion smooth and pain-free." 3 "The severe pain is related to immobility because the child will hold the affected joint still for an extended period." 4 "The pain is directly related to the child's developmental stage; the older the child, the more pain the diagnosis will cause."
2 "This disease destroys the joint tissues that normally lubricate the joint and make motion smooth and pain-free."
The nurse is providing care to an infant diagnosed with congenital clubfoot. Which parental statement regarding the child's care indicates correct understanding of the information provided? 1 "We will need to go to physical therapy once a week for the next year." 2 "We will need to undergo a series of casting procedures to stretch and move the deformity into alignment." 3 "We will need to come back once every three months for recasting of the foot." 4 "We know that surgical correction is the only medical intervention needed."
2 "We will need to undergo a series of casting procedures to stretch and move the deformity into alignment."
For which patient would the nurse consider the diagnosis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)? 1 7 year old with inflammation in one joint that lasts for at least 6 weeks 2 6 year old with inflammation in more than one joint that lasts for at least 6 weeks 3 16-year-old with inflammation in one joint that lasts for at least 2 weeks 4 17 year old with inflammation in more than one joint that lasts for at least 6 weeks
2 6 year old with inflammation in more than one joint that lasts for at least 6 weeks
A pediatric nurse is performing a respiratory assessment on an 18 month old child. The nurse most likely uses which recommended technique? 1 Assess the child's respiratory status when fully awake and active. 2 Assesses breath sounds by listening to all lung fields and alternating sides for comparison. 3 Assess the resonance of the lungs and underlying organs by using auscultation. 4 Assess for normal breathing using palpation.
2 Assesses breath sounds by listening to all lung fields and alternating sides for comparison.
While the pediatric team is teaching parents of a child just diagnosed with CF, the mother asks if it is something she did to cause the illness. There team would be correct in responding: 1 There is no known cause for the condition 2 CF is a autosomal recessive trait that from both parents' genes 3 The development of CF is directly related to the child's immune system 4 CF is a trait passed on to the child by the father's gene exclusively
2 CF is a autosomal recessive trait that from both parents' genes
Nurses can be very influential in the decision-making process for teens. Which of the following should the nurse include in her teaching for a teen asking about getting a tattoo? (Select all that apply.) 1 How cool their friends will think they are with a new tattoo 2 Implications to consider for future employment opportunities 3 Information on infectious diseases associated with tattooing performed without sterile technique and sterile equipment 4 Telling the patient that she got a tattoo at 16 herself 5 How cheap and easy it is to remove a tattoo
2 Implications to consider for future employment opportunities 3 Information on infectious diseases associated with tattooing performed without sterile technique and sterile equipment
Upon entering a patient's room alarmed by a shrill cry, the nurse witnesses the child salivating, loss of bladder control and cyanosis. Which term best describes the type of seizure that this child is experiencing? 1 Complex Partial Seizure 2 Tonic-clonic Seizure 3 Absence Seizure 4 Myoclonic Seizure
2 Tonic-clonic Seizure
The DTaP or tetanus vaccine is administered in several doses and requires further boosters. This vaccine is given at the following times then every 10 years: (Select all that apply.) 2 months 4 months 6 months 1 year 15-18 months 4-6 years
2 months 4 months 6 months 15-18 months 4-6 years
The parents of 1 year old Declan bring him to the clinic for a well-child visit. When it is time for their son to receive his scheduled immunizations, the parents refuse stating, "We don't want him exposed to any more thimerosal." Which response by the nurse is most appropriate? 1 "Don't believe fake news. It's safer to get vaccines than to get these diseases." 2 "I understand your concern. I don't immunize my children either." 3 "In fact, studies show that thimerosal is safe at low levels, but we do have thimerosal-free vaccines that we can give your child." 4 "Clearly you don't love your son if you won't protect him from serious illnesses."
3 "In fact, studies show that thimerosal is safe at low levels, but we do have thimerosal-free vaccines that we can give your child."
A parent of a school-aged child who was GH deficiency asks the nurse how long the child will need to take injections for growth delay. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? 1 "Injections are usually continued until age 10 for girls and age 12 for boys." 2 "Injections continue until your child reaches the 5th percentile on the growth chart." 3 "Injections should be continued until there is evidence of epiphyseal closure." 4 "The injections will need to be administered throughout your child's entire life."
3 "Injections should be continued until there is evidence of epiphyseal closure."
A nurse is providing teaching to the mother of an infant who is to start taking digoxin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? 1 "Do not allow your baby to drink anything after administering the digoxin" 2 "Digoxin speeds up the heart rate to allow it to pump out more fluid" 3 "It is important to administer the correct amount at regularly scheduled times" 4 "If your baby vomits a dose, just repeat the dose to ensure he gets the correct amount"
3 "It is important to administer the correct amount at regularly scheduled times"
A nurse is preparing to give a flu shot to a toddler. When the nurse asks the parents if their child has any allergies, the parents tell her that she is allergic to eggs. What action should the nurse take next? 1 Administer the flu vaccine 2 Document the allergy in the patient's chart and administer the flu shot. 3 Ask the healthcare provider if the child can receive the intranasal flu vaccine. 4 Inform the parents that the child can not receive any more childhood vaccines.
3 Ask the healthcare provider if the child can receive the intranasal flu vaccine.
Which action by the nurse is most appropriate for a child who presents with a history of migraine headache? 1 Conducting a weight assessment and documenting the information in the medical record 2 Asking the patient if the child is experiencing night terrors 3 Determining when the child's last eye exam was conducted 4 Administering a prescribed opioid analgesic by IM injection
3 Determining when the child's last eye exam was conducted
A mother refuses to have her child immunized with the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine because she believes that letting her infant get these diseases will help him fight off other diseases later in life. Which is an appropriate response by the nurse? 1 Honoring the mother's request because she is the parent 2 Telling the mother that by not immunizing the child, she may be exposing pregnant women to the virus, which could cause fetal harm 3 Explaining the potential complications of measles, mumps, and rubella infections 4 Telling the mother that she is wrong and should have her child immunized
3 Explaining the potential complications of measles, mumps, and rubella infections
When reinforcing parental teaching about febrile seizures, what should the nurse include? 1 It is associated strongly with a genetic predisposition and all siblings should be closely monitored. 2 It is considered a one-time event and requires no further medical attention or treatments. 3 It relates to how rapidly the child's fever rises during an infectious process. 4 It is considered a seizure disorder and will require anticonvulsant therapy.
3 It relates to how rapidly the child's fever rises during an infectious process.
The nurse in a neonatal intensive care unit provides care for premature newborns. The health care provider examines the retina of a newborn who is on oxygen therapy and diagnoses the presence of stage 3 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Which conclusion by the nurse would be correct? 1 Newborns receiving oxygen therapy will all have ROP. 2 The newborn has a low risk for blindness later in life. 3 Newborns are susceptible to ROP if they are anemic or have respiratory distress. 4 The newborn has a low risk for blindness later in life.
3 Newborns are susceptible to ROP if they are anemic or have respiratory distress.
Which should the LPN include in the discharge instructions for the parents of an infant who is diagnosed with acute otitis media? Place the baby to sleep with a bottle Keep the baby in a flat position during feedings Administer Tylenol to relieve discomfort Administer a decongestant
Administer Tylenol to relieve discomfort
The mother of a toddler states, "My daughter seems to be at an increased risk for complications associated with respiratory infections." Which response by the nurse is accurate? 1 "You are incorrect in your assessment." Younger children do not breathe as deeply as do older children." 2 "Air passages are more likely to become blocked with mucus because younger children make more mucus than older children." 3 "The younger child's airway is smaller and more easily occluded." 4 "The younger child's airway is smaller and more easily occluded."
4 "The younger child's airway is smaller and more easily occluded."
The nurse walks into the pediatric patient's room and notices that the child is standing and leaning forward with the arms resting on the knees. The nurse knows that this position assists in breathing by doing which of the following? 1 Depressing the lower sternum, which causes a decrease in anteroposterior diameter. 2 Expanding the diaphragm so that the child can take deeper breaths. 3 Tilting the head back to maximize the effort to draw air into the lungs via the nose. 4 Increasing the ability to use the thoracic and neck muscles to draw air into the lungs.
4 Increasing the ability to use the thoracic and neck muscles to draw air into the lungs.
A 16-year-old patient has moderate cognitive impairment after a massive traumatic brain injury. Due to the injury, the LPN/LVN would expect the RN to provide communication and teaching at which age level? Infant Toddler 8-10 year old 12-13 year old
8-10 year old
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with the parents of a child who has cystic fibrosis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? Implement a fluid restriction during times of infection Restrict physical activity Provide a low-calorie, low-protein diet Administer pancreatic enzymes with meals and snacks
Administer pancreatic enzymes with meals and snacks
The nurse is providing care to a child who is diagnosed with Lyme disease. The mother wants to know how to protect her other children from contracting this disease from the infected child. Which should the nurse include in the teaching session regarding the transmission of this disease process? Animal to person Person to person Person to insects Adult to child
Animal to person
A nurse is collecting data from a 4 month old infant with meningitis. Which of the following manifestations would the nurse expect? Constipation Depressed anterior fontanel Presence of the rooting reflex High-pitched cry
High-pitched cry
A nurse is treating a school-aged child for nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following orders should the nurse question? Diuretics Antibiotics Incorrect: Corticosteroids IV fluids
IV fluids
While assessing a child who is in a hip spica cast, the nurse performs frequent checks to the interior aspects of the affected casted limb. Which of the following are assessed? (Select all that apply.) Circulation Touch Color Strength Sensation Pain Movement
Circulation Touch Color Sensation Movement
A 5 year old girl with a history of hypopituitarism presents with complaints of right hip and leg pain. Which prescribed medication for the diagnosis should the nurse identify as the cause of the current symptoms? Insulin before meals and bedtime Desmopressin at bedtime Cortisone injections Daily growth hormone
Daily growth hormone
An adolescent patient receives a foot wound after stepping on a rusty nail during a hike. Which information would the nurse obtain from the parents as part of this patient's care? Type of nail the patient stepped on. Date of last tetanus booster. List of medications the patient takes Length of time since the injury occurred
Date of last tetanus booster.
A nurse is collecting data from a child who has short stature. Which of the following findings would indicate a growth hormone deficiency? Oversized jaw Early-onset puberty Increased weight that is proportionally greater than height Decreased height that is proportionally equal to weight
Decreased height that is proportionally equal to weight
Why are families advised to not give a child aspirin when they present with a rash caused by a viral agent? To prevent masking symptoms of a fever. To prevent the risk of Reye's Syndrome. To prevent the risk of developing Kawasaki disease. To encourage the child's fever to provide a natural pyrogenic effect to kill the virus.
To prevent the risk of Reye's Syndrome.
A child with Reye syndrome is developing spontaneous bruises. Which treatment would the nurse expect to be prescribed? Anticoagulants Breathing Treatments Vitamin K Diuretics
Vitamin K
A pediatric patient is diagnosed with Haemophilus influenzae type B. Which treatment would the nurse anticipate being prescribed for this patient? Aspirin Physical therapy Supportive care Antibiotics
Antibiotics
The nurse is caring for a school-age patient with osteomyelitis. Which treatment would the nurse anticipate being prescribed immediately for this patient? Surgery Casting Antibiotics Physical Therapy
Antibiotics
A 8 year old girl was admitted for increasing right lower quadrant pain with an admitting diagnosis of appendicitis. Her admission score was a 9 out of 10. The pain has now subsided. What should the nurse's next action be? Report to the charge nurse that the child's pain is suddenly gone Anticipate immediate surgery Provide her choice of oral fluids Allow her to rest comfortably
Anticipate immediate surgery
An adolescent is brought into the emergency department (ED) by his parents with the following symptoms: periumbilical pain peaking at 4 hour intervals followed by right lower quadrant pain, which is followed by vomiting. Based on these data, which condition does the nurse suspect? Meckel's Diverticulum Intestinal obstruction Appendicitis Ulcerative Colitis
Appendicitis
A nurse is caring for a child who is in a plaster hip spica cast. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Assist the client with crutch walking after the cast is dry. Use a heat lamp to facilitate drying. Apply moleskin to the edges of the cast. Avoid turning the child until the cast is dry.
Apply moleskin to the edges of the cast.
Which action by the nurse is appropriate for a child who presents in the emergency department with an ankle injury? 1 Applying ice to the extremity 2 Lowering the extremity below the level of the heart 3 Avoiding compression of the area to allow tissue swelling as necessary 4 Performing passive range of motion (ROM) to the extremity
Applying ice to the extremity
The nurse is caring for a child recovering from spinal surgery for scoliosis. What should the nurse do before repositioning this child? Perform hand hygiene Provide pain medication Offer the bed pan Ask others to assist in logrolling the patient
Ask others to assist in logrolling the patient
The nurse is performing an assessment of a newborn diagnosed with developmental dysplasia/dislocation of the hip (DDH). Which assessment finding supports this diagnosis? Limp on the affected side Asymmetrical skinfolds in the gluteus Symmetrical skinfolds in the gluteus A deformity that causes the heel to turn inward and the entire foot to be a plantar flexion
Asymmetrical skinfolds in the gluteus
A newborn is diagnosed with an opening between the left and right atria. For which health problem should the nurse plan care for this infant? Aortic Stenosis Atrial Septal Defect Patent Ductus Arteriosus Ventricular Septal Defect
Atrial Septal Defect
When the nurse is assessing the abdomen of a child hospitalized for diarrhea, which step does she perform first? Auscultation Percussion Deep palpation Light palpation
Auscultation
While helping a family make menu choices for their child with a new diagnosis of Celiac disease, which food choices would the nurse suspect them making? Corn tortillas with melted cheese and a fruit salad Spaghetti with meat sauce and grapes Turkey sandwich on rye bread with a side of sliced apples Chili with Texas ten-grain toast and watermelon slices
Corn tortillas with melted cheese and a fruit salad
A child presents with a rounded face, muscle weakness, and poor wound healing. The nurse knows that these symptoms are consistent with what disorder? Hypothyroidism Cushing's Syndrome Hyperthyroidism Diabetes Mellitus
Cushing's Syndrome
A nurse is discussing the best way to continue playing on the football team with a 16-year-old high school junior with type I diabetes. What should the nurse instruct the teen to do before exercising? Take an additional three units of fast-acting insulin. Drink two 8 oz bottles of electrolyte sports drink. Eat a high protein snack of cheese, crackers and turkey slices. Eat a high carbohydrate snack to ensure an increase in calories.
Eat a high protein snack of cheese, crackers and turkey slices.
A nurse is caring for a 4 year old patient receiving oxygen therapy and is on a continuous pulse ox. The monitor reads 89%. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? Increase the oxygen flow rate. Ensure proper placement of the pulse ox sensor probe. Place the child in Fowler's position. Encourage the child to take deep breaths.
Ensure proper placement of the pulse ox sensor probe.
A newborn drools, chokes and becomes cyanotic during the first feeding. This is most likely due to: Pyloric stenosis Imperforate anus Foreign body ingestion Esophageal atresia and tracheoespophageal fistula
Esophageal atresia and tracheoespophageal fistula
A term newborn is diagnosed with TGA. Which priority nursing intervention should be initiated immediately? Establish IV access and initiate a PGE1 drip. Administer digoxin as prescribed. Prepare for intubation and placement on a ventilator. Provide oxygen via nasal cannula at 2 liters per minute.
Establish IV access and initiate a PGE1 drip.
A child presents to the pediatric clinic with a "slapped cheek" facial rash. The nurse understands that this typical rash is associated with which virus? Roseola Epstein-Barr Varicella Fifth disease
Fifth disease
The nurse is teaching the parents information about appropriate heart rate and blood pressure readings for their child. Which of the following measurements are considered normal for a preschool-aged child? (Select all that apply.) Heart rate of 60 beats per minute Heart rate of 100 beats per minute Blood pressure of 90/55 mm Hg Blood pressure of 110/60 mm Hg Blood pressure of 95/60 mm Hg
Heart rate of 100 beats per minute Blood pressure of 110/60 mm Hg Blood pressure of 95/60 mm Hg
Research has shown that that foods and beverages that contain the preservative nitrate may be a trigger for headaches. Which food should a child whose headaches are triggered by nitrates avoid? Hot dogs Homemade applesauce Aged cheeses Green leafy vegetables
Hot dogs
An infant is admitted with an enlarged head circumference, bulging fontanelles and sunset eyes. Which neurological condition does the nurse suspect? Microcephaly Reye Syndrome Intraventricular Hemorrhage (IVH) Hydrocephalus
Hydrocephalus
A pediatric patient is admitted to the ED with a traumatic brain injury that caused a loss of consciousness. The last set of vital signs showed a heart rate of 48 bpm, a BP of 148/76 mm Hg, and a respiratory rate of 10 breaths per minute and irregular. Which does the nurse suspect? Typical for sleep Spinal cord injury Increased intracranial pressure Improvement
Increased intracranial pressure
The nurse is educating the parent of a child diagnosed with croup about return precautions. What symptom should the nurse include? Nosebleeds Increased respiratory rate Productive cough Tiredness
Increased respiratory rate
A 3-year-old girl presents to the emergency department with signs of respiratory distress. The child has epiglottitis associated with high fever, is apprehensive and drooling. Which intervention should be avoided? Listening to the child's lungs Inspecting the child's mouth and throat with a tongue blade Assessing the child's vital signs Weighing the child
Inspecting the child's mouth and throat with a tongue blade
A 5 year old girl is brought to the emergency department with a high fever, swollen eyes and a bright red tongue. The parents state "The fever has lasted 6 days and is not responding to Tylenol or Ibuprofen." Which condition does the nurse suscpect? Congestive Heart Failure Rheumatic Fever Kawasaki Disease Bacterial Endocarditis
Kawasaki Disease
The nurse is teaching the parents of an infant diagnosed with candidiasis in the diaper area how to treat it and decrease the risk for future occurrences. Which teaching point does the nurse include in the teaching session? Keeping the diaper area as dry as possible Administering an oral antifungal liquid for prevention of future occurrences Finishing all of the antiviral medication as prescribed Changing to a lactose-free formula
Keeping the diaper area as dry as possible
Which pattern of breathing is characterized by slow, deep, labored respirations? Cheyne-Stokes breathing Bradypnea Kussmaul's breathing Hyperventilation
Kussmaul's breathing
What visual testing is used for pre-school aged children? Corneal light reflex test Unilateral cover test Snellen's test LEA symbol chart
LEA symbol chart
The nurse is collecting data on a pediatric patient with diabetes insipidus (DI). Which finding would the nurse anticipate in this patient? Confusion Anorexia Weakness Large urine output
Large urine output
6 year old Hannah presents to the ED with belly pain and bluish discoloration around her gums. The parents report she has been easily distracted and complaining of a metallic taste for a week. What should the nurse suspect is causing the child's symptoms? Lead Poisoning Intraventricular Hemorrhage Meningitis Reye Syndrome
Lead Poisoning
While collecting data, the nurse suspects that a school-age patient has Legg-Calve-Perthes disease. Which finding would cause the nurse to make this clinical determination? Limp hip joint that causes pain Foot that turns in when walking Inability to get up off of the floor Finger fracture after catching a ball
Limp hip joint that causes pain
You are caring for a newborn and during your assessment you notice a characteristic that you report immediately because you know it may be associated with a congenital anomaly of the urinary system. What is that characteristic? Slanted eyes Hemoglobin is at 15.5 grams/deciliter Low-set ears Voided 12 hours after birth
Low-set ears
A nurse is caring for an infant with a respiratory infection. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of acute hypoxemia? Pallor of mucus membranes Emesis Productive cough Clubbing of fingernails
Pallor of mucus membranes
The initial survival of the newborn with hypoplastic left heart is dependent on which one of the following? Patent ductus arteriosus and patent foramen ovale Immediate heart transplant following birth Patent ductus venosus Immediately administering Indocin
Patent ductus arteriosus and patent foramen ovale
Which nursing action is appropriate when providing care to a 7-year-old child with a right femur fracture who is placed in Bryant traction while recovering? Limit fluid intake to prevent any unnecessary movement Perform frequent positioning Assess skin weekly Take hourly vital signs
Perform frequent positioning
A nurse is assisting with the care of an infant who has just returned from PACU following cleft lip/palate repair. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Remove the packing in the mouth Place the infant in an upright position Offer a pacifier with sucrose Observe the mouth with a tongue blade
Place the infant in an upright position
Which nonpharmacological nursing intervention is most needed in a child with gigantism? Psychological support for possible altered body image Biofeedback therapy Psychological support for self-care deficit Chest physiotherapy
Psychological support for possible altered body image
Which of the following findings would the nurse expect from an infant with otitis media? (Select all that apply.) Pulling at ears Rolling head side to side Crying Decreased pain in the supine position Constipation
Pulling at ears Rolling head side to side Crying
A 12-month-old child is admitted to the hospital with suspected congenital heart disease. Upon assessment, the nurse detects a murmur with a distinct "clicking" quality. What congenital heart defect does the nurse suspect? Pulmonary Stenosis Patent Ductus Arteriosus Atrial Septal Defect Ventricular Septal Defect
Pulmonary Stenosis
When care is provided to an infant, which clinical manifestation supports the diagnosis of meningococcal meningitis? Cries that are consoled when held Hypothermia Soft, flat fontanel Purplish rash or petechial rash
Purplish rash or petechial rash
The pediatric nurse examines a 5-week-old infant who has been observed having projectile, nonbilious vomiting. Upon palpation, the nurse feels an olive-shaped mass in the midepigastrium. Based on these data, which condition does the nurse suspect? Pyloric stenosis Rectal atresia Malrotation of the intestine Intussusception
Pyloric stenosis
A child with Legg-Calve-Perthes disease should be prepared for which of the following diagnostic procedures? MRI Radiographs Genetic Testing Bone Biopsy
Radiographs
Which action related to insulin administration should the nurse include in the teaching plan for an adolescent client who has been newly diagnosed with DM in order to avoid the development of lipoatrophy? Rotating injection sites Checking blood sugars at mealtime and bedtime Using a sliding scale for additional coverage Administering insulin via a pump
Rotating injection sites
A child is admitted to the hospital with intussusception. What form and color of stool did the parents report their child having? Watery, light brown stool in large quantity. Thick, greenish stool. Ribbonlike brown stool in normal quantity Scant stool appearing like red jelly
Scant stool appearing like red jelly
A burn into the dermis that is very painful, edematous, and weeping is a ____________. First degree burn Second degree burn Third degree burn Fourth degree burn
Second degree burn
Abnormal alignment of the eyes that interferes with binocular vision is known as what visual impairment? Amblyopia Esotropia Strabismus Nystagmus
Strabismus
What sign or symptom is most worrisome in terms of degree of airway compromise? Fever Wheezing Cough Stridor
Stridor
The nurse is completing the assessment of a 2 month old infant. Which reflex is being assessed when the area around the infant's mouth is touched? Moro Sucking Startle Fencing
Sucking
The grandmother of a young preschool age child presents with epiglottitis and tells the nurse that she does not understand the definition of the diagnosis. The nurse would be most correct in stating that epiglottitis is a(n): Form of croup Life-threatening infection of the lung Swelling of the throat that can cause obstruction Upper airway infection related to inflammation
Swelling of the throat that can cause obstruction
The nurse is planning discharge teaching for a child with croup. What should the nurse suggest to ease the child's symptoms at home? Wrap in warm blankets Provide with a hot drink Take the child outside to breathe in the cool night air Have child lay flat in bed
Take the child outside to breathe in the cool night air
A new preschool teacher calls the pediatric clinic for guidelines on caring for a child who presents with impetigo. What is the most important action to prevent the spread of infection? 1 Tell the family they will need to keep the child at home until the lesion is healed. 2 Teach the child and family good handwashing techniques. 3 Cover the wound with a thick layer for zinc oxide to prevent the spread. 4 Keep the lesion covered with a large adhesive bandage.
Teach the child and family good handwashing techniques.
The nurse performs an eye examination on a 5-year-old child. The parent is informed that the child's approximate visual acuity is 20/80 and is given a referral for a consult with a vision specialist. Which definition would the nurse provide the parent about the child's vision? The nurse explains the child is legally blind. The nurse uses the term "school vision." The nurse states that the condition will worsen. The nurse explains the child is blind in one eye.
The nurse uses the term "school vision."
The nurse is performing an initial assessment of a pediatric patient with cerebral palsy. What does the nurse expect to see when completing the patient's assessment? (Select all that apply.) Inability to vocalize Tight muscles that do not stretch Inability to listen The presence of tremors "Scissoring" movements of arms and legs
Tight muscles that do not stretch The presence of tremors "Scissoring" movements of arms and legs
The mother of an immunocompromised child expresses concern that her child will "catch" a disease from the scheduled vaccination. Which vaccines can be administered to this child because she carries no risk for acquiring the infection? (Select all that apply.) Toxoid Attenuated vaccine Live virus vaccine Immunoglobulins Killed (Inactivated) virus vaccine
Toxoid Immunoglobulins Killed (Inactivated) virus vaccine
Which item is not considered a potential source of lead exposure to children? Glazed ceramics Treated building construction lumber Imported cosmetics and particular remedies for health conditions Jewelry
Treated building construction lumber
Which topic is the priority for the nurse who is teaching family of an infant diagnosed with osteogenesis imperfecta? Trunk and extremity support during everyday care Cast care Traction care Postoperative spinal surgery care
Trunk and extremity support during everyday care
The nurse is treating a school-aged child with nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following interventions need further instruction? Administer corticosteroids Count daily weights at the same time of day. Request a referral for a nutritionist. Use a different scale each day.
Use a different scale each day.
Multiple response, select all correct answers that apply The four defects found in child diagnosed with Tetraology of Fallot are: ASD VSD pulmonary artery stenosis enlarged right ventricular wall overriding aorta positioned near the septal defect
VSD pulmonary artery stenosis enlarged right ventricular wall overriding aorta positioned near the septal defect
A 6 month old infant is due for their dose of hepatitis B vaccine. Which site would be used for administering the injection? Gluteal region Deltoid Abdomen Vastus Lateralis
Vastus Lateralis
The nurse is explaining a test to the parent of a child with a urinary system disorder. They explain that the child will receive an x-ray before and while he is urinating. The child will need a foley catheter for this test. What is the diagnostic study child is scheduled for? Uroflow study Cystoscopy Barium enema Voiding cystourethrogram
Voiding cystourethrogram
The assessment finding that would lead the nurse to suspect that a newborn infant has a ventricular septal defect (VSD) is: a loud harsh murmur cyanosis when crying blood pressure that is higher in the arms than in the legs a soft murmur
a loud harsh murmur
You are providing preoperative teaching to the parents of a 12 month old who is having surgery to repair a ventricular septal defect (VSD). Identify the location in the heart where this defect is found; at the termination of the aorta at the mitral valve between the left and right ventricles between the left and right atria
between the left and right ventricles
The finding the nurse would expect when measuring blood pressure on all four extremities of a child with coarctation of the aorta is a blood pressure that is: higher on the right side higher on the let side decreased in the arms and elevated in the legs decreased in the legs and elevated in the arms
decreased in the legs and elevated in the arms
Which medication should the nurse plan to administer to decrease the risk of eye infections in a newborn? Fluoroquinolone ointment oral erythromycin erythromycin eye drops IV Penicillin
erythromycin eye drops
A common deformity of the genitourinary system in which the urethra of the male opens somewhere along the lower surface of the penis is called: epispadias hypospadias cryptorchidism exstrophy
hypospadias
Alivia is a 3 month old and has phenylkeonuria (PKU). If this inherited error of metabolism is untreated she will develop: anemia renal shutdown failure to thrive mental retardation
mental retardation
Which type of headache is associated with nausea, vomiting and sensitivity to light and sound? tension chronic daily cluster migraine
migraine
Which statement made by a 7 year old child with diabetes mellitus indicates the need for education reinforcement? 1 my pancreas is sick and needs insulin until it gets better 2 i will need to take my insulin everyday 3 my mom has to give me insulin shots twice a day 4 i need to keep a piece of candy in my pocket in case i start to feel shaky
my pancreas is sick and needs insulin until it gets better
A syndrome characterized by massive edema, reduced blood protein, increased blood cholesterol, and proteinuria is: uremia hypertension acute renal failure nephrotic syndrome
nephrotic syndrome
Two-week-old Landon has been admitted to the hospital with RSV. Which oxygen delivery system is most likely to be ordered for Landon? nasal cannula oxygen hood non-rebreather mask simple face mask
oxygen hood
The most common tool used in diagnosing gastroesophageal reflux is: rectal biopsy pH studies of the esophagus x-rays of the stomach sweat test
pH studies of the esophagus
An important consideration for a school-aged child taking DDAVP for diabetes insipidus would be: 1 observing for signs of water deprivation 2 restricting gym class 3 permitting the child to use the bathroom and water fountain as needed 4 limit fluid intake to lunch time only
permitting the child to use the bathroom and water fountain as needed
When an older infant has been determined to have cystic fibrosis, a concern the healthcare team has is that thick secretions can cause an obstruction in the respiratory tract. The nurse should observe for: fibrosis in the lung tissue respiratory infections (pneumonia) bronchopulmonary dysplasia need for more fluids to thin the secretions
respiratory infections (pneumonia)
The physician has recommended the ketogenic diet for a child with poorly controlled seizures, despite multiple anticonvulsant therapies. Which of the following is NOT recommended for this type of diet? heavy whipped cream bacon canola oil spaghetti with garlic bread
spaghetti with garlic bread
The nurse explains which congenital cardiac defects cause increased pulmonary blood flow, Which of the following defects DOES NOT? atrial septal defect (ASD) tetralogy of Fallot patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) ventricular septal defect (VSD)
tetralogy of Fallot
An infant with congestive heart failure is receiving digoxin (Lanoxin). The nurse recognizes a sign of digoxin toxicity, which is: restlessness vomiting decreased respiratory rate increased urinary output
vomiting
