Peds Neuro prepu questions

A nursing instructor is teaching about eye disorders in childhood. Which statement made by a student indicates a need for further instruction?

"Cataracts are only present in adults."

The nurse is caring for a child who has suffered a febrile seizure. While speaking with the child's parents, which statement by a parent indicates a need for further education?

"I hate to think that I will need to be worried about my child having seizures for the rest of his life."

The parents of a 17-year-old adolescent diagnosed with bacterial meningitis tell the nurse, "We just do not understand how this could have happened. Our adolescent has always been healthy and just received a booster vaccine last year." How should the nurse respond?

"I understand your frustration. Unfortunately, immunizations are not 100% effective in preventing the infection."

A toddler is prescribed amoxicillin for bilateral otitis media. The parent reports that the toddler refuses to take the oral medication. The nurse knows that more education is needed when the parent makes which statement?

"I will shake the medication well, and draw up the medication to the top of the syringe. My spouse and I will hold our toddler down and force the medication down his throat."

The nurse is caring for an infant who is at risk for increased intracranial pressure. What statement by the parent would alert the nurse to further assess the child's neurological status?

"She has been irritable for the last hour....seems like she is just upset for some reason."

The nurse provides education to the parent of an infant being treated for hydrocephalus with a ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt. Which statement by the parent indicates the need for further instruction?

"This shunt is the only surgery my baby will need."

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parents of a child hospitalized with hydrocephalus, who had a ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt placed. The nurse should intervene if the parents make which statement?

"We expect our child to continue engaging in normal activities, including sports."

An infant is diagnosed with nasolacrimal duct obstruction. The nurse is instructing the parents on how to perform lacrimal massage. The nurse determines the need for additional teaching based on which statement by the parents?

"We will press on the outer corner of the eye for several seconds."

The nurse receives a call from the parent of a 4-month-old infant who underwent endoscopic surgery for craniosynostosis 2 months earlier. The parent reports that the infant's skin appears red on the both temples. How should the nurse respond?

"Your infant should be evaluated in person, because a new helmet may be needed."

The nurse is caring for a 10-year-old child who was admitted to the unit after experiencing a tonic-clonic seizure. When developing this child's plan of care, the nurse identifies the need to teach the child about diagnostic testing that may be prescribed. Which test(s) would the nurse include in the teaching plan? Select all that apply.

-Electroencephalogram -Computed tomography -Magnetic resonance imaging

The parents of a 2-week-old neonate bring the neonate to the office for an evaluation. While reviewing the neonate's history, the nurse determines that the neonate is at risk for deformational plagiocephaly and institutes a teaching plan for the parents about prevention. Which factor(s) in the neonate's history would lead the nurse to this action? Select all that apply.

-Neonate was in the breech position in utero. -Neonate was born at 34 weeks' gestation. -Mother's length of labor was 22 hours.

A nurse is caring for a 1-year-old child with a head injury. The child was previously unconscious but is now alert and oriented. Oral feedings are prescribed. The nurse determines that the child's risk for aspiration is low based on the presence of which reflex(es)? Select all that apply.

-gag -cough -swallow

A nurse is administering carbamazepine to a 4-year-old child diagnosed with epilepsy. The health care provider has prescribed 10 mg/kg/day by mouth. The child weighs 32 lb (14.52 kg). How many milligrams should the nurse administer? Record your answer rounded to the whole number.

145

The nurse is monitoring the cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) of a 14-year-old admitted to the unit with a traumatic brain injury. Which CPP reading would lead the nurse to notify the practitioner immediately?

42 mm Hg

To detect complications as early as possible in a child with meningitis who's receiving IV fluids, monitoring for which condition should be the nurse's priority?

Cerebral edema

The nurse is caring for a 10-year-old child with bacterial conjunctivitis of the right eye. The eye is inflamed and drains a thick, yellow discharge. What should the nurse teach the patient about the care of the eye?

Clean the discharge away from the inner to outer canthus.

The nurse is providing care to an infant with microcephaly. When reviewing the prenatal and birth history, the nurse would identify the mother's exposure to which infection as a potential contributing factor?

Cytomegalovirus

A preschool-age child has just been admitted to the pediatric unit with a diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. The nurse would include which recommendation in the nursing plan?

Decrease environmental stimulation

The nurse is performing a neurologic assessment on a 7-month-old infant. Which task should the nurse perform last?

Elicit the gag reflex.

The nurse is preparing a room for a child being admitted with meningitis. What is the appropriate action by the nurse?

Gather appropriate equipment and signage for respiratory isolation precautions.

A 17-year-old is brought to the emergency department with a fever, headache, and stiff neck. Bacterial meningitis is suspected. The nurse would anticipate preparing the adolescent for which test to confirm the diagnosis?

Lumbar puncture

The nurse is collecting data from a child who may have a seizure disorder. Which nursing observations suggest an absence seizure?

Minimal or no alteration in muscle tone, with a brief loss of responsiveness or attention

A nurse suspects that a child has developed pneumococcal meningitis based on assessment of which of the following?

Nuchal rigidity

Which of the following would a nurse assess in a child with pneumococcal meningitis?

Nuchal rigidity

A parent calls the nurse triage line to say the child accidentally got hit in the eye and the parent believes the child will have a black eye. Which instruction is important for the nurse to provide this parent?

Place ice on the eye for 20 minutes/off the eye for 20 minutes for 24 hours.

A nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a 3-month-old infant diagnosed with deformational plagiocephaly (DP). What information should the nurse convey to the parents that will support the infant's growth and development?

Position the infant prone for a total of 30 to 60 minutes per day.

A nurse is assessing a 3-year-old child for possible bacterial meningitis. Which sign would indicate irritation of the meninges?

Positive Kernig sign

A nurse is preparing a presentation on neurologic development in children. What information should the nurse include in the presentation?

Poverty and caregiver mental illness are shown to contribute to developmental delays in children.

A nurse is administering ear drops to a 7-year-old girl. What should the nurse do?

Pull the pinna of the ear up and back to straighten the external ear canal.

To give eardrops to a 4-year-old child, what would be the best technique to use?

Pull the pinna of the ear up and back.

The nurse is planning care for a preschool-age child diagnosed with meningitis. What should the nurse identify as a priority goal for this patient's care?

Reduce the pain related to nuchal rigidity.

A child has been diagnosed with strabismus. After further examination, the client is told that the resting position of the right eye is convergent. The nurse further explains that this means which of the following?

The resting position of the eye is turned in.

A 4-year-old child is brought to the emergency department after being in a motor vehicle accident. The child experienced head trauma in the accident. When assessing the child, which will be the first change noted in the presence of increasing intercranial pressure?

change in level of consciousness

A child is brought to the emergency department and is experiencing status epilepticus. The nurse would expect to administer which treatment as first-line therapy?

lorazepam