PEDS situational

a. Wheezes because the bronchioles have been restricted.

A 5-year-old child has been admitted for complications related to asthma. When the nurse auscultates the childs lungs, she would anticipate hearing: a. Wheezes because the bronchioles have been restricted. b. Rhonchi because of thick secretions from the flare-up. c. Crackles because there is fluid in the alveoli. d. All of the above may be heard.

A. Pulmonary secretions are abnormally thick.

Betty is a 9-year-old girl diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. Which of the following must Nurse Archie keep in mind when developing a care plan for the child? A. Pulmonary secretions are abnormally thick. B. Elevated levels of potassium are found in the sweat. C. CF is an autosomal dominant hereditary disorder. D. Obstruction of the endocrine glands occurs.

a. Stridor

The father of an infant calls the nurse to his son's room because he is "making a strangenoise." A diagnosis of laryngomalacia is made. What does the nurse expect to find onassessment? a. Stridor b. High-pitched cry c. Nasal congestion d. Spasmodic cough

Choanal Atresia

congenital closure of the passage between the nose and pharynx by a bony or membranous structure. a. Bacterial Pharyngitis b. Asthma c. choanal atresia

Endotracheal Tube Insertion

flexible tube inserted to the mouth or nose and into the trachea a. Tracheostomy tube b. Endotracheal Tube Insertion c. laryngoscopy

Acute Nasopharyngitis (Common cold)

- Mostly viral infections - Symptoms are more severe in infants and young children - Managed at home a. Bronchiolitis b. Acute Nasopharyngitis c. Croup

Tracheomalacia

-Softening of the tissues of the trachea from atrophy a. Bronchiolitis b. Tracheomalacia c. Pharyngitis

e. Bronchiolitis f. Asthma i. Influenza l.Bronchitis m. Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis p. Bronchiectasis s. Pneumonia v. Pneumothorax w. Tuberculosis x. Cystic Fibrosis

Select all that apply: Lower respiratory disorders a. choana atresia b. Acute Nasopharyngitis c. Bronchial Obstruction d. Bacterial Pharyngitis e. Bronchiolitis f. Asthma g. Pharyngitis h. Tracheomalacia i. Influenza j. Laryngitis k. Epistaxis l.Bronchitis m. Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis n. Sinusitis o. Retropharyngeal Abscess p. Bronchiectasis q. Epiglottitis r. Bronchial Obstruction s. Pneumonia t. Croup u. Aspiration v. Pneumothorax w. Tuberculosis x. Cystic Fibrosis

a. choana atresia b. Acute Nasopharyngitis c. Bronchial Obstruction d. Bacterial Pharyngitis g. Pharyngitis h. Tracheomalacia j. Laryngitis k. Epistaxis n. Sinusitis o. Retropharyngeal Abscess q. Epiglottitis r. Bronchial Obstruction t. Croup u. Aspiration

Select all that apply: Upper respiratory disorders a. choana atresia b. Acute Nasopharyngitis c. Bronchial Obstruction d. Bacterial Pharyngitis e. Bronchiolitis f. Asthma g. Pharyngitis h. Tracheomalacia i. Influenza j. Laryngitis k. Epistaxis l.Bronchitis m. Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis n. Sinusitis o. Retropharyngeal Abscess p. Bronchiectasis q. Epiglottitis r. Bronchial Obstruction s. Pneumonia t. Croup u. Aspiration v. Pneumothorax w. Tuberculosis x. Cystic Fibrosis

B. "We'll make sure that he avoids exercise to prevent attacks."

The Andrews family has been taking good care of their youngest, Archie, who was diagnosed with asthma. Which of the following statements indicate a need for further home care teaching? A. "He should increase his fluid intake regularly to thin secretions." B. "We'll make sure that he avoids exercise to prevent attacks." C. "He is to use his bronchodilator inhaler before the steroid inhaler." D. "We need to identify what things trigger his attacks."

b. The child is leaning forward, with the chin thrust out.

The emergency department nurse is caring for a child diagnosed with epiglottitis. In assessing the child, the nurse should monitor for which indication that the child may be experiencing airway obstruction? a. The child exhibits nasal flaring and bradycardia. b. The child is leaning forward, with the chin thrust out. c. The child has a low-grade fever and complains of a sore throat. d. The child is leaning backward, supporting himself or herself with the hands and arms.

c. "Antibiotics are not indicated unless a bacterial infection is present."

The mother of a hospitalized 2 year old child with viral laryngotracheobronchitis (croup) asks the nurse why the health care provider did not prescribe antibiotics. Which response should the nurse make? a. "The child may be allergic to antibiotics." b. "The child is too young to receive antibiotics." c. "Antibiotics are not indicated unless a bacterial infection is present." d. "The child still has the maternal antibodies from birth and does not need antibiotics."

d. Encourage the child to lie on the right side.

The mother of an 8 year old child being treated for right lower lobe pneumonia at home calls the clinic nurse. The mother tells the nurse that the child complains of discomfort on the right side and that ibuprofen (Motrin IB) is not effective. Which instruction should the nurse provide to the mother? a. Increase the dose of ibuprofen. b. Increase the frequency of ibuprofen. c. Encourage the child to lie on the left side. d. Encourage the child to lie on the right side.

d) "When was your child's last dose of medication?"

What is the most important piece of information that the nurse must ask the parent of a child in status asthmaticus? a) "What time did your child eat last?" b) "Has your child been exposed to any of the usual asthma triggers?" c) "When was your child last admitted to the hospital for asthma?" d) "When was your child's last dose of medication?"

B. The degree of cyanosis is not an accurate indicator of degree of hypoxia

When assessing a child for cyanosis, which is important for the nurse to remember? A. Cyanosis is an early indicator of respiratory distress B. The degree of cyanosis is not an accurate indicator of degree of hypoxia C. Cyanosis is caused by a decrease in depth of respirations D. Cyanosis will be present if the child has had a large loss of blood volume

D. Behavioral patterns are passed from one generation to the next

When assessing a child's cultural background, the nurse in charge should keep in mind that: A. Heritage dictates a group's shared values B. Physical characteristics mark the child as part of a particular culture C. Cultural background usually has little bearing on a family's health practices D. Behavioral patterns are passed from one generation to the next

a. Crackles

When performing an assessment on an 8-year-old boy who is hospitalized for pneumonia, the nurse would anticipate what type of lung sounds? a. Crackles b. Stridor c. Normal d. Wheezes

b. Ensure adequate hydration.

When planning care for a 4-month-old child admitted with respiratory distress caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and bronchiolitis, it is essential to include which of the following? a. Give antibiotics. b. Ensure adequate hydration. c. Administer cough syrup. d. Feed 4 oz of formula every 4 hours.

c. The child whose baby-sitter has received a tuberculosis diagnosis

Which child requires a Mantoux test? a. The child who has episodes of nighttime wheezing and coughing b. The child who has a history of allergic rhinitis c. The child whose baby-sitter has received a tuberculosis diagnosis d. The premature infant who is being treated for apnea of infancy

c) A 9-year old who is quiet, is pale in color, and is wheezing bilaterally with an oxygen saturation of 92%.

Which child with asthma should the nurse see first? a) A 12-month old who has a mild cry, is pale in color, has diminished breath sounds, and has an oxygen saturation of 93%. b) A 5-year old who is speaking in complete sentences, is pink in color, is wheezing bilaterally, and has an oxygen saturation of 93%. c) A 9-year old who is quiet, is pale in color, and is wheezing bilaterally with an oxygen saturation of 92%. d) A 16-year old who is speaking in short sentences, is wheezing, is sitting upright, and has an oxygen saturation of 93%.

c. Most common objects that toddlers aspirate.

Which information will be most helpful in teaching parents about the primary prevention of foreign body aspiration? a. Signs and symptoms of foreign body aspiration. b. Therapeutic management of foreign body aspiration. c. Most common objects that toddlers aspirate. d. Risks associated with foreign body aspiration.

c) Lateral neck x-ray of the soft tissue.

Which is diagnostic for epiglottitis? a) Blood test. b) Throat swab. c) Lateral neck x-ray of the soft tissue. d) Signs and symptoms.

A. Prevent aspiration of food or fluids into tube

Which is the primary nursing responsibility when a 4 y/o child with a tracheostomy tube eats? A. Prevent aspiration of food or fluids into tube B. Limit ingestion of too much fluid C. Foster smooth passage of foods through tube opening D. Prevent dyspnea from eating too rapidly

D. Avoiding contact with people who have upper respiratory tract infections

Which of the following instructions should Nurse Cheryl include in her teaching plan for the parents of Reggie with otitis media? A. Placing the child in the supine position to bottle-feed B. Giving prescribed amoxicillin (Amoxil) on an empty stomach C. Cleaning the inside of the ear canals with cotton swabs D. Avoiding contact with people who have upper respiratory tract infections

: D. From least to most intrusive

Which of the following is the best method for performing a physical examination on a toddler A. From head to toe B. Distally to proximally C. From abdomen to toes, the to head D. From least to most intrusive

C. Epiglottiditis

Which of the following respiratory conditions is always considered a medical emergency? A. Asthma B. Cystic fibrosis (CF) C. Eiglottiditis D. Laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB)

d. Vitamins A, D, E, and K

Which vitamin supplements are necessary for children with cystic fibrosis? a. Vitamin C and calcium b. Vitamin B6 and B12 c. Magnesium d. Vitamins A, D, E, and K

b) Tachypnea.

Which would be an early sign of respiratory distress in a 2 month old? a) Breathing slowly. b) Tachypnea. c) Tachycardia. d) Bradycardia

d. Mucus and edema obstruct small airways

Why do infants and young children quickly have respiratory distress in acute and chronicalterations of the respiratory system? a. They have a widened, shorter airway. b. There is a defect in their sucking ability. c. The gag reflex increases mucus production. d. Mucus and edema obstruct small airways

Percussion

a diagnostic procedure designed to determine the density of a body part by the sound produced by tapping the surface with the fingers a. Percussion b. Vibration c.· Chest Physiotherapy

Bronchiectasis

abnormal dilation of the bronchi with accumulation of mucus a. Bronchiolitis b. Bronchitis c. Bronchiectasis

Tonsillitis

acute or chronic inflammation of the tonsils a. Pharyngitis b. Bronchiolitis c. Tonsillitis

Pulmonary Angiography

an imaging procedure for recording pulmonary blood vessel activity a. a. Ventilation/Perfusion Scan (V/Q) Scan b. Pulmonary Angiography c. Magnetic Resonance Imaging

a. Kisselbach's Plexus

anterior septal region most prone to nosebleeds a. Kisselbach's Plexus b. Kissbach's Plexus c. Kisselbak's Plexus

Hydrocarbon Pneumonia

aspiration of chemicals such as gasoline, insect sprays, furniture polish a. Mycoplasma Pneumonia b. Bacterial Pneumonia c. Viral pneumonia

b. The test is assessing for cystic fibrosis.

A 10-month-old boy is being given a sweat test because: a. The child has had several high fevers. b. The test is assessing for cystic fibrosis. c. The test is assessing for respiratory failure. d. The child does not demonstrate thermoregulation.

a. Prepare intubation equipment and call the physician.

A 5-year-old child is brought to the emergency department with copious drooling and a croaking sound on inspiration. Her mother states that the child is very agitated and only wants to sit upright. What should be the nurse's first action in this situation? a. Prepare intubation equipment and call the physician. b. Examine the child's oropharynx and call the physician. c. Obtain a throat culture for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). d. Obtain vital signs and listen to breath sounds.

c) Instilling saline nose drops and bulb suctioning.

A 7-month old has a low-grade fever, nasal congestion, and a mild cough. What should the nursing care management of this child include? a) Maintaining strict bedrest. b) Avoiding contact with family members. c) Instilling saline nose drops and bulb suctioning. d) Keeping the head of the bed flat.

Rheumatic fever

A bacterial infection that can be carried in the blood to the joints\ a. Rheumatic fever b. glomerulonephritis c. Bronchitis

a. Asthma

A child has a chronic, nonproductive cough and diffuse wheezing during the expiratory phase of respiration. This suggests a. Asthma b. Pneumonia c. Bronchiolitis d. Foreign body in trachea

d. Sinusitis

A child has had cold symptoms for more than 2 weeks, a headache, nasal congestion withpurulent nasal drainage, facial tenderness, and a cough that increases during sleep. Thenurse recognizes that these symptoms are characteristic of which respiratory condition? a. Allergic rhinitis b. Bronchitis c. Asthma d. Sinusitis

A. To do this right, I take in a very deep breath

A child is to use an incentive spirometer 4x/daily. Which statement suggests that the child understands the purpose and correct technique of the procedure? A. To do this right, I take in a very deep breath B. Using this will help me cough less C. The harder I blow out the better I am doing D. This will make more room for my heart in my chest

Venturi mask

A face mask and reservoir bag device that delivers specific concentrations of oxygen by mixing oxygen with inhaled air .a. Simple Face Mask b.cannula c. Venturi

d. Soothes inflamed mucous membranes.

A humidified atmosphere is recommended for a young child with an upper respiratory tract infection because it a. Liquefies secretions. b. Improves oxygenation. c. Promotes less labored ventilation. d. Soothes inflamed mucous membranes.

d) "Epiglottitis is rapidly progressive; you could not have predicted his symptoms would worsen so quickly."

A mother is crying and tells the nurse that she should have brought her son in yesterday when he said his throat was sore. Which is the nurse's best response to this parent whose child is diagnosed with epiglottitis and is in severe distress and in need of intubation? a) "Children this age rarely get epiglottitis; you should not blame yourself". b) "It is always better to have your child evaluated at the first sign of illness rather than wait until symptoms worsen". c) "Epiglottitis is slowly progressive, so early intervention may have decreased the extent of your son's symptoms." d) "Epiglottitis is rapidly progressive; you could not have predicted his symptoms would worsen so quickly."

a. Administration of daily isoniazid (INH) b. Instructing family members about administration of INH to all close contacts ofthe child d. Reporting the case to the health department

A nurse is planning care for an asymptomatic child with a positive tuberculin test. Whatshould the nurse include in the plan? Select all that apply. a. Administration of daily isoniazid (INH) b. Instructing family members about administration of INH to all close contacts ofthe child c. Administration of the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine d. Reporting the case to the health department e. Administration of INH and rifampin (Rifadin) simultaneously

a. Bronchitis

A school-age child had an upper respiratory tract infection for several days and then beganhaving a persistent dry, hacking cough that was worse at night. The cough has becomeproductive in the past 24 hours. This is most suggestive of a. Bronchitis b. Bronchiolitis c. Viral-induced asthma d. Acute spasmodic laryngitis

d) The child is swallowing excessively.

A school-age child is admitted to the hospital for a tonsillectomy. During the nurse's post-operative assessment, the child's parent tells the nurse that the child is in pain. Which of the following observations would be of most concern to the nurse? a) The child's heart rate and blood pressure are elevated. b) The child complains of having a sore throat. c) The child is refusing to eat solid foods. d) The child is swallowing excessively.

B. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)

Baby Melody is a neonate who has a very low-birth-weight. Nurse Josie carefully monitors inspiratory pressure and oxygen (O2) concentration to prevent which of the following? A. Meconium aspiration syndrome B. Bonchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) C. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) D. Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)

A. Dilate the bronchioles

Beta-adrenergic agonists such as albuterol are given to Reggie, a child with asthma. Such drugs are administered primarily to do which of the following? A. Dilate the bronchioles B. Reduce secondary infections C. Decrease postnasal drip D. Reduce airway inflammation

congenital laryngomalacia

congenital abnormality of the laryngeal cartilage. a delay of maturation of the supporting structures of the larynx. (floppy epiglottis) most common cause of congenital stridor and is the most common congenital lesion of the larynx. a. Congenital Laryngomalacia b. Tracheomalacia c. Pharyngitis

Steatorrhea

fat in the feces; frothy, foul-smelling fecal matter a. Meconium ileus b. Steatorrhea c. atelectasis

a. Positive

he clinic nurse reads the results of a tuberculin skin test (TST) on a 3 year old child. The results indicate an area of induration measuring 10mm. The nurse should interpret these results as which finding? a. Positive b. Negative c. Inconclusive d. Definitive and requiring a repeat test

Epistaxis

hemorrhage from the nose; nosebleed a. Aspiration b. choanal atresia c. Epistaxis

Computed Axial Tomography (CAT/CT)

imaging procedure using a computer to produce cross sections along an axis a. Pulmonary Angiography b. Magnetic Resonance Imaging c. Computed Axial Tomography (CAT/CT)

glomerulonephritis

inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidney a. Rheumatic fever b. glomerulonephritis c. Bronchitis

Laryngitis

inflammation of the larynx, or voice box a. Bronchiolitis b. Laryngitis c. Epiglottitis

Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis)

inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and major bronchi a. Congenital Laryngomalacia b. Tracheomalacia c. Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis)

Pneumonia

inflammation of the lungs a. Tuberculosis b. Pneumothorax c. Pneumonia

Pharyngitis

inflammation of the throat or pharynx a. Laryngitis b. Pharyngitis c. Pneumothorax

Influenza

involves inflammation and infection of the major airways a. Influenza b. Epiglottitis c. Bronchiolitis

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis

is pathogenic RNA virus bronchiolitis a. Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis b. Bronchitis c. Bronchiectasis

Mycoplasma Pneumonia

less severe but longer lasting form of bacterial pneumonia; also called walking pneumonia a. Hydrocarbon Pneumonia b. Viral pneumonia c. Mycoplasma Pneumonia

Lipid Pneumonia

lung inflammation from the inhalation or aspiration of a fatty or oily substance a. Lipid Pneumonia b. Mycoplasma Pneumonia c. Hydrocarbon Pneumonia

Chlamydial Pneumonia

o cause by chlamydial trichomatis, seen at newborn 12 years of age, contracted during vaginal birth. (Macrolide antibiotic e.g., Erythromychin) a. Mycoplasma Pneumonia b. Chlamydial Pneumonia c. Viral pneumonia

Bacterial Pneumonia

often caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae; is the only form of pneumonia that can be prevented through vaccination a. Mycoplasma Pneumonia b. Bacterial Pneumonia c. Viral pneumonia

Pleural Fluid Analysis

pleural fluid is obtained by thoracentesis or thoracotomy and analyzed for presence of blood and other abnormalities a. Pleural Fluid Analysis b. Pulmonary Angiography c. Sputum Examination

Viral pneumonia

pneumonia caused by a virus a. Mycoplasma Pneumonia b. Bacterial Pneumonia c. Viral pneumonia

Epiglottitis

severe, life-threatening infection of the epiglottis and supraglottic structures that occurs most commonly in children between 2 and 12 years of age a. Bronchiectasis b. Epiglottitis c. Bronchial Obstruction

Vibration

technique of applying manual compression with oscillation/tremors a. Percussion b. Vibration c.· Chest Physiotherapy

Tuberculosis

An infectious disease that may affect almost all tissues of the body, especially the lungs a. Tuberculosis b. Pneumonia c. Pneumothorax

Bronchoscopy

· Direct observation and inspection of the larynx, trachea, bronchi with the use of bronchoscope. a. Pleural Fluid Analysis b. Bronchoscopy c. Lung Biopsy

Aspiration

· Inhalation of foreign object into the airway a. Aspiration b. Bronchiectasis c. Bronchial Obstruction

Cystic Fibrosis

· Inherited as autosomal recessive trait · Excessive secretion of tenacious mucus in the body (respiratory and digestive) a. Cystic Fibrosis b. Pneumonia c. Tuberculosis

Pneumothorax

· Presence of atmospheric air the pleural space causing alveolar collapse (atelectasis) a. Tuberculosis b. Pneumonia c. Pneumothorax

Bronchial Obstruction

Occur if the aspirated foreign object is not large enough to obstruct the trachea · This will lead to atelectasis, pneumothorax, hyperinflation a. Aspiration b. Bronchiectasis c. Bronchial Obstruction

Bacterial Pharyngitis

Palatine arch and back of the pharynx are markedly red/ erythematous · This type of infection can cause cardiac (Rheumatic fever) and renal damage (glomerulonephritis) a. Croup b. Tuberculosis c. Bacterial Pharyngitis

c. Woodruff's plexus

Posterior nosebleeds usually occur at: a. Wodruf's plexus b. Wodruff's plexus c. Woodruff's plexus

A. Status asthmaticus

Alice is rushed to the emergency department during an acute, severe prolonged asthma attack and is unresponsive to usual treatment. The condition is referred to as which of the following? A. Status asthmaticus B. Reactive airway disease C. Intrinsic asthma D. Extrinsic asthma

b. A barrel chest.

An 8-year-old child with a history of cystic fibrosis has a chest that is larger than normal. This type of feature on a child is known as: a. A concaved chest. b. A barrel chest. c. An asymmetrical chest. d. All of the above are correct.

b. Monitor the respiratory status frequently.

An appropriate nursing intervention when caring for a child with pneumonia is which of the following? a. Avoiding placing child on the affected side. b. Monitor the respiratory status frequently. c. Place in a Trendelenburg position. d. Administer antitussive agents around the clock.

C. 500 mg

Archie who weighs 44 lb has been given an order for amoxicillin 500 mg b.i.d. The drug text notes that the daily dose of amoxicillin is 50 mg/kg/day in two divided doses. What dose in milligrams is safest for this child? A. 1000 mg B. 750 mg C. 500 mg D. 250 mg

C. Chest pain

Fred is a 12-year-old boy diagnosed with pneumococcal pneumonia. Which of the following would Nurse Nica expect to assess? A. Mild cough B. Slight fever C. Chest pain D. Bulging fontanel

c. Nebulized racemic epinephrine.

How will a child with respiratory distress and stridor and who is diagnosed with RSV be treated? a. Intravenous antibiotics. b. Intravenous steroids. c. Nebulized racemic epinephrine. d. Alternating doses of Tylenol and Motrin.

C. Epiglottitis

Immunization of children with Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) vaccine decreases the incidence of which of the following conditions? A. Bronchiolitis B. Laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB) C. Epiglottitis D. Pneumonia

Bronchiolitis

Infection of the bronchioles (smaller air-tubes in the lungs) a. Bronchiolitis b. Bronchitis c. Bronchiectasis

Retropharyngeal Abscess

Infection of the pharynx including the lymph node of the posterior pharynx with purulent accumulation. Occur following the nasopharyngitis. a. Retropharyngeal Abscess b. Epiglottitis c. Influenza

Sinusitis

Infection/inflammation of the nasal sinuses a. Epistaxis b. Sinusitis c. Influenza

Asthma

Inflammation, narrowing (bronchoconstriction), and production of extra mucus resulting to narrowed airway a. Influenza b. Asthma c. Bronchiectasis

a. Pulse Oximetry

Non-invasive procedure that provides estimate oxyhemoglobin saturation. a. Pulse Oximetry b. Pulmonary Function Test (PFTs) c. oxygen therapy

B. Eustachian tubes

Nurse Veronica is teaching a group of parents about otitis media. When discussing why children are predisposed to this disorder, the nurse should mention the significance of which anatomical feature? A. Nasopharynx B. Eustachian tubes C. External ear canal D. Tympanic membrane

c. Administer antibiotic therapy as soon as it is available.

The nurse is admitting a young child to the hospital because bacterial meningitis is suspected. Which of the following is a priority of nursing care? a. Initiate isolation precautions as soon as diagnosis is confirmed. b. Provide environmental stimulation to keep the child awake. c. Administer antibiotic therapy as soon as it is available. d. Administer sedatives and analgesics on a preventive schedule to manage pain.

c. Mouth breathing

The nurse is caring for a 10 month-old infant who is receiving oxygen through a nasal cannula. It is important for the nurse to monitor the child for? a. Accumulation of moisture on face b. Aspiration of vomitus c. Mouth breathing d. Hypothermia

a. Place the infant in a private room. f. Ensure that nurses caring for the infant with RSV do not care for other high-risk children.

The nurse is preparing for the admission of an infant with a diagnosis of bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Which interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. a. Place the infant in a private room. b. Ensure that the infant's head is in a flexed position. c. Wear mask at all times when in contact with the infant. d. Place the infant in a tent that delivers warm humidified air. e. Position the infant on the side, with the head lower than the chest. f. Ensure that nurses caring for the infant with RSV do not care for other high-risk children.

a) "Thirty minutes before feeding the child breakfast".

The parent of a 4-month old with cystic fibrosis (CF) asks the nurse what time to begin the child's first chest physiotherapy (CPT) each day. Which is the nurse's best response? a) "Thirty minutes before feeding the child breakfast". b) "After deep-suctioning before feeding the child breakfast". c) "Thirty minutes after feeding the child breakfast". d) "Only when the child has congestion or coughing"

d. "You should administer five back blows followed by five chest thrusts."

The parent of a 9-month-old calls the ER because his child is choking on a marble. The parent asks how to help his child while awaiting Emergency Medical Services. Which is the nurse's best response? a. "You should administer five abdominal thrusts followed by five back blows." b. "You should try to retrieve the object by inserting your finger in your child's mouth." c. "You should perform the Heimlich maneuver." d. "You should administer five back blows followed by five chest thrusts."

d. "Children younger than 3 years usually exhibit worse symptoms because their immune systems are not as developed."

The parent of a child with croup tells the nurse that her other child just had croup and it cleared up in a couple of days without intervention. She asks the nurse why this child is exhibiting worse symptoms and needs to be hospitalized. Which is the nurse's best response? a. "Some children just react differently to viruses. It is best to treat each child as an individual." b. "Younger children have wider airways that make it easier for bacteria to enter and colonize." c. "Younger children have short and wide eustachian tubes, making them more susceptible to respiratory infections." d. "Children younger than 3 years usually exhibit worse symptoms because their immune systems are not as developed."

b. It has a harsh, barky cough.

The parent of a toddler calls the nurse, asking about croup. What is a distinguishingmanifestation of spasmodic croup? a. Wheezing is heard audibly. b. It has a harsh, barky cough. c. It is bacterial in nature. d. The child has a high fever.

C. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

Veronica's parents were told that their daughter needs ribavirin (Virazole). This drug is used to treat which of the following? A. Cystic fibrosis B. Otitis media C. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) D. Bronchitis

c. Use comfort measures for the child.

What information should the nurse provide the parent of a child diagnosed with nasopharyngitis? a. Complete the entire prescription of antibiotics. b. Avoid sending the child to day care. c. Use comfort measures for the child. d. Restrict the child to clear liquids for 24 hours.

a. Meconium ileus

What is the earliest recognizable clinical manifestation(s) of CF? a. Meconium ileus b. History of poor intestinal absorption c. Foul-smelling, frothy, greasy stools d. Recurrent pneumonia and lung infections

Ventilation/Perfusion Scan (V/Q) Scan

· Radioisotope imaging of ventilation and blood flow to the lungs a. Ventilation/Perfusion Scan (V/Q) Scan b. Pulmonary Angiography c. Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Pulmonary Function Test (PFTs)

· Use to detect abnormalities in respiratory function (lung volumes, ventilatory function, diffusing capacity, gas exchange, and distribution of gases in the lungs) a. Lung Biopsy b. Bronchoscopy c. Pulmonary Function Test (PFTs)

Chest Tube Drainage Water Seal System

· drainage system device attached to the thoracostomy tube that removes air and fluid in the lungs. a. Chest Tube Drainage Water Seal System b. Postural Drainage c. Vibration

Bronchitis

· inflammation of the major bronchi and trachea a. Bronchiolitis b. Bronchitis c. Bronchiectasis

Meconium ileus

· no passage of meconium (24 hours) due to obstruction of thick meconium with abdominal distension. a. Meconium ileus b. Steatorrhea c. atelectasis