Personal&community health ch. 12

______ percent of men and _____ percent of women are smokers.

18.8, 14.8

Adults aged ___ to ____ had the highest percentage of current smoking (24 percent).

25-44

Smoking in particular delivers______ chemical substances to the lungs, including _____ known carcinogens, or cancer-causing agents

7,000 69

An estimated ____ million Americans age ____ and older report using tobacco products at least once in the past month.

70, 12

______________ are the targets of heavy tobacco marketing and advertising campaigns.

College students

______________, a white leathery patch inside the mouth, is a precursor to oral cancer.

Leukoplakia

carbon monoxide

a gas found in cigarette smoke that binds at oxygen receptor sites in the blood. It reduces the oxygen-carrying capacity of red blood cells, which causes oxygen deprivation in many body tissues.

reasons people smoke

addiction, as a result of targeted advertising, limited education, behavioral dependence, weight control, genetics, parental role models, mental disorders, and stress.

the _________________ estimates that smoking causes 90 percent of lung cancers in men and 78 percent in women.

american cancer society

______________ contains tobacco leaves treated with molasses and other flavorings and comes in forms of loose leaf, plug, or in a pouch.

chewing tobacco

____________________ develops when smoking causes inflammation in the lungs, producing excess mucus, which causes a chronic, hacking cough.

chronic bronchitis

Each day, _________________ contribute to approximately 1,200 deaths from cancer, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory disorders.

cigarettes

_____________ are the most common form of tobacco available today.

cigarettes

________ have higher levels of carcinogens, more tar per gram of tobacco smoked, and higher levels of toxins than do cigarettes.

cigars

_______________ are about 60 percent tobacco and are higher in tar, nicotine, and carbon monoxide than regular cigarettes. They also contain eugenol, which allows deeper inhalation and thereby increasing risk. The same effect is true of menthol cigarettes.

clove cigarettes

Smoking less than a pack of cigarettes a week has been shown to......

damage blood vessels and to increase the risk of heart disease and cancer.

____________ is where the tobacco is placed between the lower lip and teeth to stimulate the flow of saliva and release the nicotine.

dipping

________________ are battery-operated devises designed to deliver nicotine with flavorings and other chemicals to users as vapor instead of smoke.

electronic cigarettes

____________ is a chronic condition where alveoli are destroyed, impairing the lungs' ability to take in and distribute oxygen.

emphysema

_______________ are designed to reduce levels of gases consumed, but they may deliver more hazardous gases than nonfiltered brands.

filtered cigarettes

____________ and ___________ have a long history throughout the world, and while many think that they are safer than cigarettes, they are not risk-free options.

pipes and hookahs

nicotine

primary stimulant chemical in tobacco products that is highly addictivet is a powerful central nervous system (CNS) stimulant, which produces a variety of negative physiological effects.

side stream smoke

smoke from the burning ends of a cigarette, pipe, or cigar or exhaled by smokers, commonly called secondhand smoke

mainstream smoke

smoke that is drawn through tobacco while inhaling

_____________ also contributes to platelet adhesiveness, the stickiness of red blood cells, which increases the risk of blood clots.

smoking

_______________ ages the arteries and increases the development of atherosclerosis by 50 percent compared to nonsmokers.

smoking

social smoking

smoking with people rather than alone, can still increase the risk of heart disease, cancer, and other tobacco-related health dangers.

_______, a finely ground form of tobacco, can be inhaled, chewed, or placed inside the gums.

snuff

tar

thick brownish sludge condensed from particulate matter in smoked tobacco, It contains cancer-causing agents such as benzopyrene and chemical irritants such as phenol.