Pharm chap 20-30 review
The nurse is providing instruction to a patient who was recently prescribed an ACE inhibitor for hypertension. Which is an adverse effect of this medication?
Chronic cough
A client reaches for the salmeterol (Serevent) inhaler with the onset of an asthma attack. What is the nurse's best action?
A. Instruct the client to use the albuterol (Proventil) inhaler instead.
The patient recently prescribed quinidine is at highest risk for which common adverse effect?
Diarrhea
Prior to the administration of a beta adrenergic blocker, the nurse notes the patient to have a heart rate of 52 beats/min, peripheral edema, crackles in the bases of the lungs, and mottled skin. Which is the priority nursing action?
Withhold the medication and notify the health care provider.
Which medication may be given to patients with allergic seasonal rhinitis who do not respond to antihistamines and sympathomimetics?
Corticosteroids
Which patient statement indicates to the nurse that the patient has a good understanding of PVD?
"Controlling contributing factors may affect the progression of the disease."
What is albuterol (Proventil) used to treat?
acute bronchospasm
uricaria
hives or raised skin patches
What would the nurse anticipate if a patient with a history of type 2 diabetes is prescribed a thiazide diuretic?
increased blood sugar levels
What will the nurse advise the patient to do to avoid the development of tolerance to nitroglycerin?
Allow for a daily 8 to 12 hour nitrate free period. Carry the medication with you at all times." Administer the medication under the tongue.
A patient at sports camp is complaining of itchy and watery eyes, coughing, and sneezing when outdoors. The patient's chart states that he has an allergy to grasses. Which medication will the nurse administer?
Antihistamine
Which nursing assessment confirms that the angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) that a patient is taking is effective?
Blood pressure has decreased.
How does corticosteroids improve breathing I clients with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
By reducing mucosal swelling in the lumens leading to wider airways
Which drug will be administered to a patient being admitted with severe digoxin intoxication?
Digoxin immune Fab (Digibind)
The nurse is preparing medications for a patient. When is the best time for the nurse to administer lovastatin (Mevacor)?
During the patient's dinner
Which are common signs and symptoms of dehydration? (Select all that apply.)
Furrowed tongue Decreased intake and output levels Mental confusion
The nurse is finished conducting nutritional education with a patient about the DASH (dietary approaches to stop hypertension) diet. The patient would like to complete the breakfast menu for tomorrow. Which foods offered for breakfast would be most appropriate for the patient to choose? (Select all that apply.)
Grapefruit Orange juice Oatmeal
Which is a common expectorant in over-the-counter medications?
Guaifenesin
A teaching plan for a patient with hyperlipidemia would instruct the patient to avoid which food(s)? (Select all that apply.)
Hard cheeses Liver
Which common adverse effect of an angiotensin II receptor antagonist will the nurse expect to assess in a patient?
Headache
Which medical condition(s) may contribute to fluid volume excess? (Select all that apply.)
Hypertension Liver disease Pregnancy Use of corticosteroids
A patient has recently been prescribed cilostazol (Pletal). Which statement by the patient indicates that this medication is effective?
I have less leg cramping when I walk."
A patient who is started on phenytoin (Dilantin), who is also taking amiodarone (Cordarone), should be assessed for what possible effect?
Increase in serum phenytoin levels
The nurse has completed an admitting patient history and notes the patient's current medications to be simvastatin (Zocor) and warfarin (Coumadin). What is the result of the interaction of these drugs?
Increased INR
The nurse instructs the patient to avoid the sudden discontinuation of beta adrenergic blockers so as to avoid which symptom?
Increased angina
A patient asks the nurse how amlodipine (Norvasc) works to reduce the blood pressure. Which response will the nurse provide?
It causes blood vessel dilation."
Which is an accurate nursing action when administering subcutaneous enoxaparin, a low-molecular-weight heparin product?
Leave the needle in place for 10 seconds after injection.
A patient has been diagnosed with angina pectoris and an elevated LDL cholesterol level. The health care provider has prescribed HMG CoA reductase inhibitor. What is the primary indication in using this medication?
Lower cholesterol levels.
Medications that might be added to antitussive agents to depress the cough reflex would include which of the following
Opiate derivatives
Which symptom is indicative of bleeding in a patient taking warfarin (Coumadin)?
Petechiae
A trauma patient arrives in the emergency department via EMS. He is bleeding profusely. A medical alert bracelet indicates that he is on heparin therapy. The nurse will most likely administer which medication that counteracts the action of heparin?
Protamine sulfate
Patients who are on neuromuscular blocking agents and lidocaine must be closely observed for which complication?
Respiratory depression
A patient who has just begun taking an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor calls the nurse and reports feeling very dizzy when standing up, and asks if the medication should be discontinued. What is the nurse's best response?
Rise to a sitting or standing position slowly; your symptoms will resolve."
The nurse is teaching a patient about dietary implications while on warfarin (Coumadin) therapy. Which salad is highest in vitamin K?
Spinach
Which medication is a potassium sparing diuretic?
Spironolactone (Aldactone)
What will the nurse review when teaching a patient about therapy with statins? (Select all that apply.)
Statins are the most potent antilipemic agents available. Statins should be taken with food. Statins cause mild increases in HDL levels. Statins reduce inflammation, platelet aggregation, and plasma viscosity.
Within minutes of the initiation of a nebulizer treatment with a sympathomimetic bronchodilator, the patient turns on his call light and states that he feels "panicky" and his heart is racing. Which action will the nurse take?
Stop treatment and notify the health care provider.
What is the rationale behind administering calcium channel blockers to patients with angina?
They dilate blood vessels.
A client is prescribed an inhaled bronchodilator and an inhaled corticosteroid. What precaution for using these drugs does the nurse stress?
Use bronchodilator first than wait 5 min to use corticosteroid
Which deficiency may develop in patients taking cholestyramine?
Vitamin K deficiency
Dyspnea
difficulty breathing
A college student is being seen at an outpatient clinic with reports of allergic rhinitis and conjunctivitis. The health care provider orders fexofenadine. When providing information regarding this medication, the nurse will include statements indicating that:
fexofenadine is one of the least sedating antihistamines.
Hypotension
low blood pressure
rhinorrhea
runny nose
sustained release
tablets or capsules designed to dissolve slowly over an extended time