Pharm Chapter 36, 37, 38

The nurse is providing education to a client with a history of earwax buildup. Which medication does the nurse include in the teaching session? 1. Acetic acid and hydrocortisone (Vosol HC) 2. Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride and hydrocortisone (Cipro HC) 3. Carbamide peroxide (Debrox) 4. Polymyxin B, neomycin, and hydrocortisone (Cortisporin)

3. Carbamide peroxide (Debrox)

In the anterior chamber of the eye, what is the medical term for the watery fluid that is found here? 1. Ciliary body 2. Canal of Schlemm 3. Trabecular meshwork 4. Aqueous humor

4. Aqueous humor

Which medication does the nurse anticipate for a client who will undergo an ophthalmic examination? 1. Antimicrobials and local anesthetics 2. Local anesthetics and NSAIDs 3. Corticosteroids and antibiotics 4. Cycloplegics and mydriatics

4. Cycloplegics and mydriatics

A client has been prescribed latanoprost (Xalatan). The nurse informs the client regarding potential side effects. Which side effect is not appropriate for the nurse to include in the client teaching? 1. Decreased pigmentation 2. Dryness 3. Photophobia 4. Heightened pigmentation

1. Decreased pigmentation

The client has been diagnosed with acute glaucoma. What are the common causes for this condition? 1. Trauma or hemorrhage 2. Increased intracranial pressure 3. Decreased intraocular pressure 4. Diabetes mellitus or renal disease

1. Trauma or hemorrhage

The nurse is caring for a client with arthritis. The client would like to explore the use of an inexpensive natural alternative to anti-inflammatory drugs. Which remedy would the nurse recommend? 1. Chondroitin 2. Glucosamine sulfate 3. Echinacea 4. Black cohosh

2. Glucosamine sulfate

A client diagnosed with osteoarthritis asks the nurse what different types of treatment are available. Which treatments will the nurse include in the response? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. 1. Immunosuppressants 2. Intra-articular glucocorticoids 3. Topical medications 4. NSAIDs 5. Hypoglycemic agents

2. Intra-articular glucocorticoids 3. Topical medications 4. NSAIDs

The nurse is caring for a client who is diagnosed with glaucoma. The client wants to know why this condition can lead to blindness. What is the best response by the nurse? 1. The fluid in the eye blocks the optic nerve. 2. Pressure around the optic nerve builds over time. 3. The optic nerve cannot transmit signals with glaucoma. 4. The optic nerve atrophies.

2. Pressure around the optic nerve builds over time.

The nurse is caring for a client who is being seen for sunburn. What should the nurse include in education to prevent this from occurring in the future? 1. Lotions to prevent further irritation to the skin 2. Prevention with use of sunscreens, sunglasses, and sufficient clothing 3. Tetanus toxoid to prevent infection 4. Anesthetics for pain reduction

2. Prevention with use of sunscreens, sunglasses, and sufficient clothing

Following an extensive eye examination where a mydriatic agent was utilized, which nursing diagnosis is most appropriate for the client? 1. Pain, related to chemical agents 2. Risk for injury, related to visual acuity deficits 3. Self-care deficit, related to impaired vision 4. Deficient knowledge, related to disease process

2. Risk for injury, related to visual acuity deficits

A client has been prescribed timolol (Timoptic). When does the maximum therapeutic effect occur for the medication? 1. It takes 6-8 weeks. 2. It begins immediately. 3. It takes 2-4 weeks. 4. It takes 1-2 weeks.

3. It takes 2-4 weeks.

The nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing inflammation that involves the middle ear. What is the appropriate medical term for the nurse to include in the documentation for this client? 1. Swimmer's ear 2. Mastoiditis 3. Otitis media 4. Otitis externa

3. Otitis media

The nurse is assessing a client who is diagnosed with hypocalcemia. What findings does the nurse anticipate? 1. Hypertension and tachycardia 2. Muscle weakness and bone pain 3. Bleeding problems or bruising 4. Muscle twitching or tremors

4. Muscle twitching or tremors

A client has been prescribed tretinoin (Retin-A). What will the nurse include in the client teaching? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. 1. "Do not use this medication if pregnant." 2. "Avoid using vitamin C supplements." 3. "Increase intake of vitamin A." 4. "Avoid exposure to the sun." 5. "Do not take with oral contraceptives."

1. "Do not use this medication if pregnant." 4. "Avoid exposure to the sun."

The client complains of blurry vision after using pilocarpine (Isopto Carpine). Which explanation about the blurry vision is most appropriate by the nurse? 1. "This is a common reaction, but should be temporary." 2. "Use only half the dose, and monitor the results." 3. "I will have the physician prescribe something different for you." 4. "You have an allergy, and should stop using the drops."

1. "This is a common reaction, but should be temporary."

The nurse is caring for a client with psoriasis. Which treatment method would the nurse question? 1. Antibiotics 2. Immunosuppressant medications 3. Topical glucocorticoids 4. Emollients

1. Antibiotics

To prevent systemic absorption of timolol (Timoptic), what administration instructions are appropriate for the nurse to include in the teaching? 1. Apply pressure over the lacrimal sac for 1 minute. 2. Wait 5 minutes before administering other ophthalmic solutions. 3. Administer the eyedrop in the conjunctival sac. 4. Remove contact lenses prior to administering eyedrops.

1. Apply pressure over the lacrimal sac for 1 minute.

What is the drug of choice for the pharmacotherapy of Paget disease? 1. Bisphosphonates 2. Selective estrogen-receptor modulators (SERMs) 3. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) 4. NSAIDs

1. Bisphosphonates

The nurse instructs the mother of a school-age child with lice to prevent reinfestation. What should the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. 1. Comb the infested area after the hair has been dried. 2. Inspect hair shafts daily for at least 1 week after treatment. 3. All material coming in close contact with the patient should be washed in hot water. 4. Cut the hair of the child to 1 inch. 5. Retreat the hair in 30 days.

1. Comb the infested area after the hair has been dried. 2. Inspect hair shafts daily for at least 1 week after treatment. 3. All material coming in close contact with the patient should be washed in hot water.

A client is taking colchicine for gouty arthritis. What should the nurse include in the medication teaching for this client regarding adverse reactions? 1. GI upset is common. 2. The client should be monitored for signs of bleeding. 3. Skin rashes are common. 4. The client should call the physician if there is no improvement in gout symptoms.

1. GI upset is common.

The nurse is caring for a woman with osteoporosis. Based on this diagnosis, the nurse teaches the woman that she is at risk for fractures to occur in which locations? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. 1. Hips 2. Spine 3. Fingers 4. Wrists 5. Forearms

1. Hips 2. Spine 4. Wrists 5. Forearms

A client has been prescribed raloxifene (Evista). What information about side effects should the nurse include in the client teaching about the medication? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. 1. Hot flashes 2. Breast pain 3. Sinus headache 4. Vaginal bleeding 5. Hyperlipidemia

1. Hot flashes 2. Breast pain 4. Vaginal bleeding

A client has been diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis. Which medication would be appropriate to treat this client? 1. Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) 2. Probenecid (Benemid) 3. Allopurinol (Lopurin) 4. Sulfinpyrazone (Anturane)

1. Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil)

The nurse is educating a client about the importance of calcium and vitamin D. The client asks how they can increase their vitamin D. Which are ways a client can increase the exposure to vitamin D? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. 1. Increase exposure to sunlight or ultraviolet light 2. Drink milk 3. Eat foods rich in vitamin D 4. Increase food consumption by 300 calories a day 5. Decrease exercise

1. Increase exposure to sunlight or ultraviolet light 2. Drink milk 3. Eat foods rich in vitamin D

The nurse is caring for a client with closed-angle glaucoma. What are the characteristics of this disorder the nurse must be aware of when providing care? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. 1. It is caused by stress. 2. It is the most common type of glaucoma. 3. It is caused by impact injury. 4. The pressure develops slowly, over time. 5. The pressure develops quickly.

1. It is caused by stress. 3. It is caused by impact injury. 5. The pressure develops quickly.

A client is being treated with corticosteroids for contact dermatitis. The client asks how to avoid contact dermatitis. Which statements by the nurse are appropriate to indicate how contact dermatitis is caused? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. 1. Latex 2. Jewelry 3. Perfume 4. Peanuts 5. Lactose

1. Latex 2. Jewelry 3. Perfume

Which medications increase the outflow of aqueous humor? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. 1. Miotics 2. Sympathomimetics 3. Prostaglandins 4. Beta blockers 5. Calcium channel blockers

1. Miotics 2. Sympathomimetics 3. Prostaglandins

Which medications are appropriate for minor irritation and injury? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. 1. NSAIDs 2. Diphenhydramine HCl (Benadryl) 3. Antimicrobials 4. Local anesthetics 5. Insulin (Humulin R)

1. NSAIDs 3. Antimicrobials 4. Local anesthetics

A client is admitted with hypocalcemia. What are possible causes of hypocalcemia? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. 1. Parathyroidectomy 2. Hypertension 3. Vitamin D deficiency 4. Heart failure 5. Malabsorption disorder

1. Parathyroidectomy 3. Vitamin D deficiency 5. Malabsorption disorder

The nurse is reviewing a medication administration record. Which medication from the list is considered a mydriatic agent? 1. Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) 2. Cyclopentolate (Cyclogyl) 3. Atropine sulfate (Isopto Atropine) 4. Scopolamine hydrobromide (Isopto Hyoscine)

1. Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine)

The nurse explains to the female client the risk factors for osteoporosis. What risk factors should the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. 1. Postmenopausal status 2. Excessive vitamin D or calcium in the diet 3. Tobacco use 4. High alcohol consumption 5. High caffeine consumption

1. Postmenopausal status 3. Tobacco use 4. High alcohol consumption 5. High caffeine consumption

A client asks the nurse how to prevent gout attacks. Which responses are appropriate by the nurse? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. 1. Treatment with antigout medications 2. Dietary management 3. Decrease stressors 4. Decreased fluid intake 5. Using hypoglycemia medications

1. Treatment with antigout medications 2. Dietary management 3. Decrease stressors

The client has scabies. Where will the nurse assess this client? 1. Waist and armpit areas 2. Across the shoulders and neck area 3. Any skin area 4. Head and groin

1. Waist and armpit areas

A mother of a school-aged child who was treated for scabies asks the nurse why her child continues to have itching with no sign of mites. Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate? 1. "You will have to switch to something stronger like Lindane (Kwell)." 2. "Itching is common, even after the mites have been killed." 3. "The mites are too small to see, and treatment should be continued." 4. "Permethrin (Acticin) usually works, but your child must need something stronger."

2. "Itching is common, even after the mites have been killed."

A client with acne asks the nurse which OTC medication is used to treat acne. What medications should the nurse include in the teaching session? 1. Tretinoin (Retin-A) 2. Benzoyl peroxide (BenzaClin) 3. Adapalene (Differin) 4. Doxycycline (Doryx)

2. Benzoyl peroxide (BenzaClin)

Which medication is used to treat both sickle-cell anemia and psoriatic symptoms? 1. Tazarotene (Tazorac) 2. Hydroxyurea (Hydrea) 3. Adapalene (Differin) 4. Calcipotriene (Dovonex)

2. Hydroxyurea (Hydrea)

UVB (ultraviolet B) and UVA (ultraviolet A) phototherapy are techniques used in cases of severe psoriasis. The nurse correctly instructs the client that which type is less hazardous? 1. Neither is hazardous 2. UVB (ultraviolet B) 3. UVA (ultraviolet A) 4. Both are the same

2. UVB (ultraviolet B)

The nurse is teaching a client about systemic medications that are used to treat psoriasis. Which medications are appropriate for the nurse to include in this teaching session? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. 1. Tazarotene (Tazorac) 2. Betamethasone (Diprolene) 3. Acitretin (Soriatane) 4. Etanercept (Enbrel) 5. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

3. Acitretin (Soriatane) 4. Etanercept (Enbrel)

What instruction is appropriate for a client who wants to clean the ear canal? 1. Use a bulb syringe approved for removing debris and cold water. 2. Never attempt to clean the ear canal at home. 3. Use a bulb syringe approved for removing debris and warm water. 4. Use a cotton swab.

3. Use a bulb syringe approved for removing debris and warm water.

A client asks the nurse to explain why a prescription for calcitriol (Calcijex) has been given when vitamin D is available without a prescription. What is the best response by the nurse? 1. "There is no difference between the two." 2. "This will allow you to buy vitamin D and pay your co-payment." 3. "You don't need to fill the prescription. You can buy the over-the-counter vitamin D." 4. "Calcitriol (Calcijex) is the active form of vitamin D, and the over-the-counter calcium is not the same."

4. "Calcitriol (Calcijex) is the active form of vitamin D, and the over-the-counter calcium is not the same."

What occurs when psoralens are exposed to UV light? 1. They inhibit DNA synthesis and arrest abnormal cell growth. 2. They increase cell growth. 3. They increase the size of plaques. 4. They produce a photosensitive reaction.

4. They produce a photosensitive reaction.

The client asks the nurse which OTC medication will lubricate the eye and cause vasoconstriction. Which response by the nurse is correct? 1. "Oxymetazoline (OcuClear)." 2. "Betaxolol (Betaoptic)." 3. "Polyvinyl alcohol (Liquifilm)." 4. "Lanolin alcohol (Lacri-lube)."

1. "Oxymetazoline (OcuClear)."

The client has been prescribed travoprost (Travatan). When does the nurse anticipate the maximum effect of this medication occurs? 1. 12 hours after administration 2. 4 hours after administration 3. 2 hours after administration 4. 6 hours after administration

1. 12 hours after administration

Which medications decrease the formation of aqueous humor? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. 1. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors 2. Alpha2-adrenergic agents 3. Osmotic diuretics 4. Prostaglandins 5. Beta-adrenergic blockers

1. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors 2. Alpha2-adrenergic agents 3. Osmotic diuretics 5. Beta-adrenergic blockers

Which symptoms are associated with stress or injury to the skin? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. 1. Crusty, cracked areas 2. Infestations 3. Blisters, calluses 4. Sores, lesions 5. Acne, blemishes

1. Crusty, cracked areas 2. Infestations 3. Blisters, calluses 4. Sores, lesions

A client with rosacea asks how to limit exacerbation of symptoms. What should the nurse recommend for this client? 1. Eliminating alcohol and spicy foods from the diet 2. Use of burdock root as a skin detoxifier 3. Using drugs to inhibit bacterial growth 4. Keeping the skin moist

1. Eliminating alcohol and spicy foods from the diet

A client has been prescribed a PO vitamin D supplement. Which supplement does the nurse anticipate will be administered? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. 1. Calcitriol (Calcijex) 2. Calcium gluconate (Kalcinate) 3. Doxercalciferol (Hectorol) 4. Ergocalciferol (Deltalin) 5. Alendronate (Fosamax)

1. Calcitriol (Calcijex) 3. Doxercalciferol (Hectorol) 4. Ergocalciferol (Deltalin)

What are the medical terms for the layers of the skin? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. 1. Epidermis 2. Stratum corneum 3. Dermis 4. Hypodermis 5. Integumentary

1. Epidermis 3. Dermis 4. Hypodermis

Which medications are used to treat rheumatoid arthritis? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. 1. Rituximab (Rituxan) 2. Leflunomide (Arava) 3. Sulfasalazine (Azulfidine) 4. Tizanidine (Zanaflex) 5. Ibuprofen (Advil)

1. Rituximab (Rituxan) 2. Leflunomide (Arava) 3. Sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)

The nurse is caring for a client who has been prescribed benzocaine (Americaine). The client asks the nurse what the medication is used to treat. Which responses by the nurse are appropriate? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. 1. Sunburn 2. Pruritus 3. Second-degree burns 4. Insect bites 5. Head lice

1. Sunburn 2. Pruritus 4. Insect bites

A client with psoriasis asks the nurse whether there is a topical therapy that may be used without other medications for psoriasis. Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate? 1. Tar treatment (coal tar) 2. Cyclosporine (Sandimmune) 3. Methotrexate (Amethopterin) 4. Hydroxyurea (Hydrea)

1. Tar treatment (coal tar)

Neomycin and hydrocortisone (Cortisporin) may be used in combination to treat ear infections. What is the combined effect of these medications? 1. Antipyretic and antifungal 2. Anti-inflammatory and antibiotic therapy 3. Antibiotic therapy with an analgesic 4. Antibiotic and prophylactic therapy

2. Anti-inflammatory and antibiotic therapy

What instructions are appropriate for the nurse to include when teaching a client ways to prevent "swimmer's ear"? 1. Use of glucocorticoid drops to prevent inflammation 2. Application of 2% acetic acid to the ear canal after swimming 3. Gently cleaning the ear canal with a swab to remove water or debris 4. Use of earwax-dissolving agents to help prevent irritation

2. Application of 2% acetic acid to the ear canal after swimming

Which area of the eye is responsible for allowing aqueous humor to drain from the anterior chamber? 1. Ciliary body 2. Canal of Schlemm 3. Trabecular meshwork 4. Aqueous humor

2. Canal of Schlemm

The nurse is providing teaching to a client who is at risk for osteoporosis. Which risk factors are considered modifiable? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. 1. Postmenopausal age 2. High alcohol or caffeine consumption 3. Lack of vitamin D or calcium in the diet 4. Physical inactivity 5. Gender

2. High alcohol or caffeine consumption 3. Lack of vitamin D or calcium in the diet 4. Physical inactivity

The nurse is caring for a client with open-angle glaucoma. What are the characteristics of this disorder the nurse must be aware of when providing care? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. 1. It is caused by impact injury. 2. It is the most common type of glaucoma. 3. Intraocular pressure develops slowly. 4. The iris does not cover trabecular meshwork. 5. Intraocular pressure develops quickly.

2. It is the most common type of glaucoma. 3. Intraocular pressure develops slowly. 4. The iris does not cover trabecular meshwork.

The nurse is teaching a client about age-related changes in the skin. What should the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. 1. Increase in skin tumors 2. Loss of elasticity 3. Fragile epidermis 4. Loss of hair follicles 5. Reduced ability to sweat

2. Loss of elasticity 3. Fragile epidermis 4. Loss of hair follicles 5. Reduced ability to sweat

The nurse is educating the mother of an infant with dermatitis regarding long-term effects of the condition. Which teaching point is appropriate for the nurse to pass on to the mother? 1. "If you use the treatment as prescribed, the dermatitis will be cured." 2. "Because your child has dermatitis now, your child will outgrow the symptoms." 3. "Approximately 60% of infants with dermatitis have symptoms into adulthood." 4. "Once the dermatitis is clear, your child will have no further problems."

3. "Approximately 60% of infants with dermatitis have symptoms into adulthood."

The nurse is caring for a client with Paget disease. This client is considered to be late in the progression of the disease. Which disorders is this client at risk for developing? 1. Glaucoma, diabetes mellitus, and arthritis 2. Rheumatoid arthritis, epilepsy, and cardiac irregularities 3. Arthritis, kidney stones, and heart disease 4. Arthritis, endometrial cancer, and hypertension

3. Arthritis, kidney stones, and heart disease

What will the nurse teach a client who is taking antigout medication? 1. Decrease fluid intake 2. Increase intake of high-purine foods 3. Drink plenty of fluids 4. Restrict activities

3. Drink plenty of fluids

What is the term for the pharmacological agents that kill mites? 1. Pediculicides 2. Psoralens 3. Scabicides 4. Antibiotics

3. Scabicides

The nurse is educating a client about the importance of calcium and vitamin D. Why are these items important for bone health? 1. They allow for normal blood coagulation. 2. They allow for neurotransmitter release. 3. They provide stability to the skeletal system. 4. They are important for seizure prevention.

3. They provide stability to the skeletal system.

The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving sodium hyaluronate (Hyalgan) injections. What should the nurse include in the medication teaching? 1. Continue with all activities following injection, so as not to cause stiffness 2. Increase ROM to joint for better dispersal of the medication 3. No weight bearing on the joint following injection 4. Avoid strenuous exercise for 48 hours after injection

4. Avoid strenuous exercise for 48 hours after injection

A client has been prescribed alendronate (Fosamax). Which condition would this medication not be used to treat? 1. Symptomatic Paget disease in both women and men 2. Prevention of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women 3. Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in both women and men 4. Fractures as a result of osteoporosis

4. Fractures as a result of osteoporosis

What is the most appropriate explanation as to why dipivefrin hydrochloride (Propine) effectively decreases intraocular pressure? 1. The exact mechanism is not fully understood. 2. It decreases the formation of aqueous humor. 3. It reduces plasma volume very quickly. 4. It converts to epinephrine and increases outflow of aqueous humor.

4. It converts to epinephrine and increases outflow of aqueous humor.

A client with scabies has been prescribed a medication that should be rinsed from the body within 10 minutes after being applied. What medication does the nurse anticipate has been prescribed for this client? 1. Pyrethrin (RID) 2. Malathion (Ovide) 3. Crotamiton (Eurax) 4. Permethrin (Nix)

4. Permethrin (Nix)