PHARM EXAM 3

a nurse is teaching about self-administering methotrexate to a client who has rheumatoid arthritis. which of the following statements should the nurse make? "Use a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug to reduce toxicity." "If you miss a dose, go ahead and take it with the next scheduled dose." "Drink a minimum of 2 liters of water per day to promote the drug's excretion." "Take it in the morning to prevent insomnia."

"Drink a minimum of 2 liters of water per day to promote the drug's excretion."

a nurse is teaching a client about methotrexate therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding of the teaching? "I will take a birth control pill every day." "Methotrexate decreases my chances of developing an infection." "I take methotrexate every day with breakfast." "I will aim to drink five 8-ounce glasses of water per day."

"I will take a birth control pill every day."

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking lithium carbonate to treat bipolar disorder. Which of the following diagnostic tests should the nurse recommend that the client undergo periodically? 1. Chest x-ray 2. Tonometry 3. Thyroid function tests 4. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)

3. Thyroid function tests

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is about to begin amitriptyline therapy to treat major depressive disorder. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (select all that apply) - Change positions slowly from sitting or lying to standing - Do not stop taking the drug abruptly - Avoid crushing the tablet - Take the drug at bedtime to prevent daytime drowsiness - Increase fiber and fluid intake

- Change positions slowly from sitting or lying to standing - Do not stop taking the drug abruptly - Take the drug at bedtime to prevent daytime drowsiness - Increase fiber and fluid intake

When reviewing the indications for various antidepressants, a nurse should identify that bupropion hydrochloride is an appropriate choice for clients who have which of the following? (select all that apply) - Motion sickness - Seasonal affective disorder - Insomnia - Nicotine addiction - Depression

- Seasonal affective disorder - Nicotine addiction - Depression

A nurse is caring for a client who is about to begin taking lithium carbonate to treat bipolar disorder. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following findings as indications of lithium toxicity? 1. Tremors 2. Confusion 3. Heart Palpatations 4. Nasuea 5. Muscle Weakness

- Tremors - Confusion - Nausea - Muscle weakness

A nurse is reviewing the drug history of a client who is taking lithium carbonate for bipolar disorder. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse to monitor for lithium toxicity? 1. Furosemide for hypertension 2. Acetaminophen for headaches 3. Nitroglycerin for Angina 4. Calcium & Vitamin D supp.

1. Furosemide for hypertension

A nurse is reviewing the medical history of a client who has a new prescription for a reduced dosage of alprazolam for anxiety. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse the reason for the prescription modification? 1. Renal function impairment 2. Cataracts

1. Renal function impairment

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a prescription for buspirone to treat anxiety. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? 1. Take a missed soon as you remember 2. Take the drug as needed at the first sign of anxious feelings 3. Take with food and water 4. Take antacid if needed for GI distress

1. Take a missed soon as you remember

A nurse is caring for a client who has schizoaffective disorder and who has been prescribed chlorpromazine. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor during and immediately after IV administration of the drug? 1. ECD monitoring 2. Blood pressure 3. Urine specific gravity 4. AST & ALT levels

2. Blood pressure

A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a prescription for phenelzine. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid tyramine-enriched foods because of an increased risk for which of the following adverse-reactions? 1. Respiratory depression 2. Hypertensive crisis 3. Neurological malignant syndrome 4. Hypotensive crisis

2. Hypertensive crisis

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a prescription for buspirone. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? 1. Take the drug with grapefruit juice to increase absorption 2. Use the drug as needed for anxiety 3. Allow 2 to 4 weeks for full therapeutic effects 4. Take the drug on an empty stomach

3. Allow 2 to 4 weeks for full therapeutic effects

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has new prescription for diazepam for anxiety disorders. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? 1. It is not a big deal if I forget my pills for a couple of days. 2. I should limit alcohol intake to one drink while taking this medication 3. I will avoid salt because this medication can increase my blood pressure. 4. If I become pregnant, it is important to let my health care provider know.

4. If I become pregnant, it is important to let my health care provider know.

A nurse is caring for a client who was admitted to the emergency department with a head injury. The nurse notes that the client has an existing prescription for bupropion to treat depression. For which of the following adverse effects is the client at increased risk? 1. Sedation 2. Hypotension 3. Dry mouth 4. Seizure activity

4. Seizure activity

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has prescription for lithium carbonate about reducing the risk for lithium toxicity. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? 1. Consume a low-sodium diet 2. Reduce fluid intake 3. Avoid taking NSAIDs 4. Take the drug with food

4. Take the drug with food

A nurse is caring for a client who has been taking alprazolam for an extended period of time to treat anxiety. The nurse should identify that abruptly stopping alprazolam therapy that result in which of the following adverse effects? 1. Anterograde amnesia 2. Respiratory depression 3. Paradoxical reaction 4. Withdrawal symptoms

4. Withdrawal symptoms

Which of the following information should a health care professional include when talking to a patient about taking baclofen (Lioresal)? A) Avoid driving until the drug's effects are evident. B) Stop taking the drug immediately if headache occurs. C) Take the drug as needed for spasticity. D) Take the drug with antacids to reduce gastric effects.

A) Avoid driving until the drug's effects are evident. Rationale: Baclofen, a centrally-acting muscle relaxant, causes CNS depression. Patients taking the drug should avoid alcohol and other CNS depressants and should not drive a vehicle until they know how the drug will affect them.

Because of the potential for adverse effects, which of the following should a health care professional recommend for patients who begin taking carbamazepine (Tegretol)? A) Begin taking the drug at a low dosage. B) Discontinue the drug immediately if diarrhea occurs. C) Have serum glucose levels checked regularly. D) Take the drug on an empty stomach.

A) Begin taking the drug at a low dosage. Rationale: Visual disturbances, vertigo, and ataxia can result from taking carbamazepine, an iminostilbene that treats seizure disorders. Dosages should be low to minimize or prevent these adverse effects.

A health care professional should include which of the following instructions when talking with a patient about taking levodopa/carbidopa (Sinemet) to treat Parkinson's disease? A) Change position slowly to prevent orthostatic hypotension. B) Eat a protein snack to increase absorption. C) Take the drug at bedtime to avoid daytime drowsiness. D) Expect eye twitching to develop with long-term therapy.

A) Change position slowly to prevent orthostatic hypotension.

A health care professional is talking to a patient about beginning sumatriptan (Imitrex) therapy to treat migraine headaches. The health care professional should advise the patient to watch for which of the following adverse effects? A) Chest pain B) Polyuria C) Joint pain D) Insomnia

A) Chest pain Rationale: Sumatriptan, a serotonin agonist, can cause coronary vasospasm and chest pain. Patients should report any pressure, pain, or tightness in the jaw, chest, or back. Sumatriptan is not an appropriate choice for patients who have a history of coronary artery disease.

A health care professional is talking to a patient about the adverse effects of interferon beta-1a (Avonex). To help minimize these effects, she should tell the patient to A) premedicate with acetaminophen (Tylenol). B) take the drug with food. C) increase his fluid intake. D) take the drug in the morning.

A) premedicate with acetaminophen (Tylenol). Rationale: Interferon beta drugs can cause fever, chills, headaches, and muscle aches. Acetaminophen or a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug can help minimize these symptoms.

A health care professional is caring for a patient who is about to begin taking allopurinol (Zyloprim) to treat gout. The health care professional should monitor the patient for hypersensitivity syndrome, which causes which of the following clinical manifestations? A) Fever B) Muscle pain C) Anxiety D) Tremors

ANS: A Rationale: Allopurinol, an antigout drug, can cause hypersensitivity syndrome. Patients should report rash, itching, or fever, as hypersensitivity reactions can lead to renal or liver dysfunction. Patients who develop this type of reaction should stop taking the drug.

A health care professional is caring for a patient who is about to begin taking celecoxib (Celebrex) to treat rheumatoid arthritis. The health care professional should tell the patient to report which of the following adverse reactions? A) Chest pain B) Tinnitus C) Constipation D) Diaphoresis

ANS: A Rationale: Celebrex, a COX-2 inhibitor, can cause cardiovascular events. Patients should report chest pain, shortness of breath, headache, numbness, weakness or confusion. Primary care providers should prescribe the lowest effective dosage for the shortest time period possible.

A health care professional should question the use of morphine for a patient who is taking which of the following drugs? A) Phenobarbital (Luminal) for a seizure disorder B) Warfarin (Coumadin) for anticoagulation C) Glipizide (Glucatrol) for diabetes mellitus D) Alendronate (Fosamax) for osteoporosis

ANS: A Rationale: Taking morphine and phenobarbital together can cause increased CNS depression. Lower morphine doses are essential for patients who are taking phenobarbital. Health care professionals should monitor patients who are taking both drugs for decreased respirations and blood pressure and increased sedation.

A health care professional is caring for a patient who is taking naloxone to treat morphine overdose. The health care professional should monitor for which of the following adverse effects? (Select all that apply.) A) Tachypnea B) Increased pain C) Thrombophlebitis D) Tachycardia E) Hypertension

ANS: A, B, D, E Rationale: A) Naloxone treats respiratory depression, but it can cause hyperventilation. B) Naloxone reverses the analgesic effects of opioids and can cause increased pain and discomfort. D) Naloxone can increase heart rate. E) Naloxone can cause hypertension.

A health care professional should advise patients to take acetaminophen (Tylenol) for which of the following? (Select all that apply.) A) To reduce fever B) To decrease inflammation C) To relieve mild pain D) To promote sedation E) To alleviate anxiety

ANS: A, C Rationale: A) Acetaminophen reduces fever. It is important, however, to monitor patients taking the drugs for signs of hepatotoxicity. C) Acetaminophen relieves mild to moderate pain. It is important, however, to monitor patients who might take high doses for early signs of toxicity, including sweating, nausea, diarrhea, and abdominal discomfort.

A patient recovering from a total knee arthroplasty has been prescribed acetaminophen (Tylenol) for mild discomfort that does not require an opioid. The health care professional should tell the patient to report which of the following early indications of acetaminophen overdose? (Select all that apply.) A) Diaphoresis B) Palpitations C) Shortness of breath D) Nausea E) Diarrhea

ANS: A, D, E Rationale: A) Acetaminophen toxicity can cause diaphoresis, anorexia, and eventually, liver damage. Patients should follow the dosage guidelines on the labels of OTC drugs carefully to avoid overdose. D) Acetaminophen toxicity can cause nausea, vomiting, and anorexia and can lead to liver damage. E) Acetaminophen toxicity can cause diarrhea, lethargy, and eventually, liver damage.

A health care professional is preparing to administer Fentanyl to a patient for pain control. During administration, the health care professional should take which of the following actions? A) Caution the patient about the drug's potential for abuse. B) Withhold the drug for respiratory rates below 12/min. C) Administer one nasal spray into each nostril. D) Give the drug with an opioid agonist for maximal effects.

ANS: B Rationale: Butorphanol, an opioid agonist-antagonist, can cause respiratory depression. It is essential to monitor respiratory rate prior to administration and withhold the drug for rates below 12/min.

A health care professional should advise a patient who has which of the following to stop taking ibuprofen (Advil) to treat an occasional headache or muscle strain? A) Penicillin allergy B) Peptic ulcer disease C) Dysmenorrhea D) Hyperthyroidism

ANS: B Rationale: Ibuprofen, an NSAID, is inappropriate for patients who have peptic ulcer disease. Health care professionals should monitor patients who are taking OTC analgesics for gastric bleeding, and test or treat patients who have H. pylori prior to long-term or repeated treatment with these drugs.

A patient who takes low-dose aspirin to prevent cardiovascular events asks a health care professional about taking ibuprofen (Advil) to treat rheumatoid arthritis. The health care professional should respond with which of the following statements? A) "Ibuprofen will increase the risk for salicylism." B) "Ibuprofen will reduce the antiplatelet effects of low-dose aspirin." C) "Low-dose aspirin will reduce the anti-inflammatory effects of ibuprofen." D) "Low-dose aspirin will reduce the analgesic effects of ibuprofen."

ANS: B Rationale: Ibuprofen, an NSAID, reduces the antiplatelet effects of low-dose aspirin. Patients taking low-dose aspirin for its antiplatelet effects should not take ibuprofen.

A health care professional is caring for a patient who is about to begin taking allopurinol (Zyloprim) to prevent hyperuricemia. The health care professional should advise the patient to report which of the following adverse effects? (Select all that apply.) A) Palpitations B) Sore throat C) Vertigo D) Bruising E) Vision changes

ANS: B, C, D, E Rationale: B) Allopurinol, an antigout drug, can cause agranulocytosis. Health care professionals should monitor WBC counts, and tell patients to report fever or sore throat and avoid crowds or exposure to people who might have communicable diseases. C) Allopurinol, an antigout drug, can cause drowsiness and vertigo. Patients should avoid activities that require mental alertness until they know how the drug will affect them. They should also report vertigo. D) Allopurinol, an antigout drug, can cause thrombocytopenia. Health care professionals should monitor platelets and have patients report any bleeding or bruising. E) Allopurinol, an antigout drug, can cause cataracts with extended use. People should report vision changes, such as cloudiness or halo around lights, and have eye examinations at recommended intervals.

A health care professional is caring for a patient who is about to begin taking prednisone to treat systemic lupus erythematosus. When talking with the patient about the drug, the health care professional should include which of the following instructions? (Select all that apply.) A) Reduce the dose during periods of stress. B) Discontinue the drug gradually. C) Report illness or infection. D) Increase intake of calcium and vitamin D. E) Monitor for signs of gastric bleeding.

ANS: B, C, D, E Rationale: B) Prednisone, a glucocorticoid, can suppress adrenal function. Patients should taper the dosage before discontinuing to allow for resumption of adrenal activity. C) Patients can need higher doses of prednisone during illness or infection. Report signs of infection. D) Prednisone, a glucocorticoid, can cause bone loss and reduced calcium absorption. E) Prednisone, a glucocorticoid, can cause peptic ulcer disease. Report signs of gastric bleeding, such as hematemesis or black, tarry stools.

A health care professional is caring for a patient who is receiving morphine to relieve severe pain. The health care professional should monitor the patient for which of the following adverse effects? (Select all that apply.) A) Diarrhea B) Urinary retention C) Respiratory depression D) Sedation E) Orthostatic hypotension

ANS: B, C, D, E Rationale: Morphine can: B) cause urinary retention. Monitor fluid I/O and assess for bladder distention. C) cause severe respiratory depression. Withhold drug for respiratory rates below 12/min. D) cause sedation, dizzness, and lightheadedness. Avoid activities that require alertness. E) cause hypotention and postural hypotension. Change positions gradually.

A health care professional is caring for a patient who has osteoarthritis and is about to begin taking aspirin. The health care professional should tell the patient to report which of the following possible indications of salicylism? (Select all that apply.) A) Fever B) Tinnitus C) Diaphoresis D) Thrombophlebitis E) Dizziness

ANS: B, C, E Rationale: B) Ringing or buzzing in the ears can indicate salicylism. Patient should report this reaction, and stop taking aspirin at least until tinnitus resolves. C) Sweating and headache can indicate salicylism. E) Dizziness can indicate salicylism.

a nurse is teaching a client about methotrexate. the nurse should inform the client to monitor for which of the following as an adverse effect of this drug? Muscle pain Peripheral edema Black, tarry stools Redness in the calf

Black, tarry stools

A health care professional is caring for a patient who is opioid-dependent and is about to begin weaning off the drug. The health care professional should recognize the patient is at risk for developing a syndrome that causes which of the following? (Select all that apply.) A) Bronchospasm B) Vomiting C) Peripheral edema D) Abdominal cramps E) Hypertension

ANS: B, D, E Rationale: B) Abstinence syndrome can cause nausea, vomiting, and anorexia. D) Abstinence syndrome can cause abdominal cramps and anorexia. E) Abstinence syndrome can cause hypertension, tremors, and fever.

A health care professional is caring for an older adult patient who is about to begin taking aspirin to treat an ankle sprain. The health care professional should tell the patient to report which of the following adverse reactions? A) Polyuria B) Bone pain C) Weight gain D) Infection

ANS: C Rationale: Aspirin can cause renal dysfunction, especially in older adults and patients who have pre-existing renal or liver dysfunction and heart failure. Patients should report reduced urine output, weight gain, edema, or bloating. Health care professionals should monitor BUN and creatinine values, and stop aspirin therapy for patients who develop signs of renal dysfunction.

A health care professional should understand that naloxone can reverse the effects of an excessive dose of which of the following drugs? A) Aspirin B) Acetaminophen (Tylenol) C) Morphine D) Prednisone

ANS: C Rationale: Naloxone, an opioid antagonist, reverses the effects of morphine, an opioid analgesic. Health care professionals should monitor respirations and reassess patients after the effects of naloxone have diminished (20 to 40 min) for recurrence of the adverse effects of morphine.

A health care professional should question the use of celecoxib (Celebrex) for a patient who has which of the following? A) Rheumatoid arthritis B) Ankylosing spondylitis C) An allergy to sulfonamides D) Adrenocortical insufficiency

ANS: C Rationale: Patients who are allergic to sulfonamides can have severe allergic reactions to celecoxib, a COX-2 inhibitor. Patients who are allergic to salicylates can also react adversely to the drug.

A health care professional is caring for an older adult patient who is about to begin taking prednisone for long-term treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The health care professional should monitor the patient for which of the following adverse effects? A) Pulmonary embolism B) Hepatitis C) Bone loss D) Breast cancer

ANS: C Rationale: Prednisone, a glucocorticoid, can cause osteoporosis, especially with long-term use. Patients taking the drug should increase weight-bearing activity and report back pain. Health care professionals should monitor bone density.

A health care professional should question the use of acetaminophen (Tylenol) for patients who have which of the following? A) Asthma B) Diabetes mellitus C) Heart failure D) Alcohol use disorder

ANS: D Rationale: Acetaminophen can cause liver toxicity. Patients who have a history of alcohol use disorder should not take the drug.

A health care professional should question the use of morphine for a patient who is recovering from which of the following procedures? A) Mastectomy B) Knee arthroplasty C) Cytoscopy D) Cholecystectomy

ANS: D Rationale: Morphine can cause biliary colic. It is inappropriate for patients who have just had biliary tract surgery, such as cholecystectomy.

Which of the following drugs can increase the risk of Reye's syndrome in children who have viral infections? A) Butorphanol (Stadol) B) Acetaminophen (Tylenol) C) Tramadol (Ultram) D) Aspirin

ANS: D Rationale: NSAIDs, especially aspirin, can increase the risk for Reye's syndrome in children who have viral infection, particularly chickenpox or influenza. Manifestations of Reye's syndrome include lethargy and persistent vomiting.

a nurse is teaching a client about methotrexate therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. which of the following information should the nurse include? Avoid being near people who are sick with a communicable illness. Periodic laboratory tests are required. The drug's effects are immediate. Report bruising or petechiae. Avoid drinking alcohol.

Avoid being near people who are sick with a communicable illness. Periodic laboratory tests are required. Report bruising or petechiae. Avoid drinking alcohol.

When talking with a patient about taking Lorazepam, which of the following instructions should the health care professional include? (Select all that apply.) A) Wear sunscreen and protective clothing. B) Avoid alcohol and other depressants. C) Increase fiber and fluid intake. D) Take the drug 30 min before bedtime. E) Taper the drug slowly to prevent withdrawal symptoms.

B) Avoid alcohol and other depressants. D) Take the drug 30 min before bedtime. E) Taper the drug slowly to prevent withdrawal symptoms.

A health care professional is caring for a patient who is about to begin taking pramipexole (Mirapex) to treat Parkinson's disease. The health care professional should recognize that which of the following laboratory tests require monitoring? A) C-reactive protein B) Creatine phosphokinase (CPK) C) Thyroid function D) CBC

B) Creatine phosphokinase (CPK) Rationale: CPK is an enzyme found in the heart, brain, and skeletal muscles. Patients taking pramipexole can develop muscle weakness with a lack of energy, creating a situation that can be more problematic for patients than their original muscle dysfunction. Monitoring CPK can alert health care professionals to the possibility of skeletal muscle damage from the drug.

A health care professional is talking to a patient who is about to begin taking valproic acid (Depakote) for a newly diagnosed seizure disorder. He should tell the patient to watch for which of the following adverse effects? (Select all that apply.) A) Hirsutism B) Drowsiness C) Headache D) Ataxia E) Rash

B) Drowsiness C) Headache E) Rash

A health care professional is reviewing the medical record of a patient who has a newly diagnosed seizure disorder. The patient is to begin taking both valproic acid (Depakote) and phenytoin (Dilantin). The health care professional should recognize that which of the following can occur as a result of a drug interaction between valproic acid and phenytoin? A) Hyperammonemia B) Phenytoin toxicity C) Hypertension D) Peptic ulcer disease

B) Phenytoin toxicity Valproic acid can cause an increase in phenytoin blood levels, causing phenytoin toxicity. The primary care provider should monitor serum phenytoin levels and reduce the dosage if levels begin to exceed the therapeutic range.

A health care professional is caring for a patient who is taking zolpidem (Ambien). The patient has a history of benzodiazepine abuse and reports insomnia. The health care professional should caution the patient that the drug can cause A) hearing loss. B) memory impairment. C) joint pain. D) constipation.

B) memory impairment. Rationale: Zolpidem, a non-benzodiazepine, can cause anterograde amnesia, or memory impairment, particularly an inability to recall activities patients carry out just before or during sleep.

a nurse is planning care for a client who has a new prescription of methotrexate. the nurse should plan to monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects? Bone marrow depression Thrombocythemia Double vision Constipation

Bone marrow depression

A health care professional is talking to a patient and her family about how methylphenidate (Ritalin) will help manage attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which of the following therapeutic effects should they expect? A) Reduced panic B) Improved mood C) Increased focus D) Decreased anxiety

C) Increased focus Stimulants, such as methylphenidate, regulate levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain to produce calmness, reduce hyperactivity, and increase focus for patients who have ADHD.

A health care professional is talking with a patient who is to begin taking valproic acid (Depakote) to treat a seizure disorder. He should advise the patient to monitor for which of the following adverse effects? A) Hirsutism B) Depression C) Jaundice D) Gum irritation

C) Jaundice Rationale: Valproic acid can cause hepatic toxicity, characterized by jaundice, abdominal pain, and nausea. Patients taking the drug should report these symptoms, and health care professionals should monitor liver function studies prior to treatment and periodically during therapy.

A health care professional administers fentanyl (Sublimaze) to a patient to reduce pain. Which of the following drugs should she have available to reverse the effects of fentanyl? A) Neostigmine (Bloxiverz) B) Succinylcholine (Anectine) C) Naloxone D) Dantrolene (Dantrium)

C) Naloxone (Narcan) Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that reverses the effects of opioids. Fentanyl, an opioid agonist, can cause severe respiratory depression. Health care professionals administering fentanyl should also have resuscitation equipment available.

For which of the following should a health care professional monitor a patient who is taking donepezil (Aricept) for Alzheimer's disease? A) Confusion B) Dry mouth C) Nausea D) Double vision

C) Nausea The most common adverse effects of donepezil, a cholinesterase inhibitor, are nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Taking the drug with food can help minimize adverse effects.

A health care professional is caring for a patient who is about to begin taking amphetamine sulfate (Adderall).The health care professional should monitor the patient for which of the following adverse effects? A) Hypotension B) Tinnitus C) Tachycardia D) Bronchospasm

C) Tachycardia Amphetamine sulfate is an amphetamine stimulant. It can cause tachycardia and dysrhythmias. Patients should notify the health care professional if they develop palpitations or chest pain.

Anesthetists often administer midazolam (Versed) during induction of anesthesia because of which of the following pharmacological actions? A) Produces analgesia B) Induces muscle paralysis C) Dries secretions D) Causes amnesia

D) Causes amnesia Rationale: Midazolam, a benzodiazepine, is appropriate during induction because of its antianxiety and amnesiac properties.

a nurse is caring for a client who is taking alendronate to treat postmenopausal osteoporosis. the nurse should explain to the client that alendronate increases bone mass by which of the following actions? Decreases activity of osteoclasts Increases calcium excretion Promotes intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphorus Reduces action of osteoblasts

Decreases activity of osteoclasts

a nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for prednisone and takes 1,500 mg/day of calcium carbonate to reduce the risk of osteoporosis. which of the following information should the nurse include? Take the calcium tablets with food. Drink 240 mL (8 oz) of water with the calcium tablets. Chew calcium tablets before swallowing them. Take the drugs 1 hr apart. Divide the daily dosage of calcium into three 500-mg doses.

Drink 240 mL (8 oz) of water with the calcium tablets. Chew calcium tablets before swallowing them. Take the drugs 1 hr apart. Divide the daily dosage of calcium into three 500-mg doses.

a nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for methotrexate. which of the following drugs would likely be prescribed in conjunction during the initial treatment for rheumatoid arthritis? Aspirin Salicylates Sulfonylureas Ibuprofen

Ibuprofen

alendronate is contraindicated for administration to clients who have which of the following conditions? Heart failure Fish protein allergy Inability to sit upright Tuberculosis

Inability to sit upright

a nurse should identify that. a client who has diabetes mellitus and is taking methotrexate is at an increased risk for which of the following adverse effects? Kidney toxicity Infection Gout Deep-vein thrombosis

Infection

a nurse is preparing to administer alendronate to a client who has osteoporosis. the nurse should recognize which of the following as an adverse effect of alendronate? Venous thromboemboli Ventricular dysrhythmias Breast cancer Joint pain

Joint pain

a nurse is caring for a client who is currently taking methotrexate for rheumatoid arthritis. the nurse should identify that which of the following is an adverse effect of this medication? Hypertension Thrombocytopenia Glaucoma Edema

Thrombocytopenia

A health care professional is talking to a patient who is newly diagnosed with Parkinson's disease about how levodopa/carbidopa (Sinemet) will help control her symptoms. With which of the following mechanisms is the drug effective in treating the disorder? A) Increases available acetylcholine in the brain B) Inhibits norepinephrine metabolism in the brain C) Inhibits serotonin metabolism in the brain ​D) Increases available dopamine in the brain

​D) Increases available dopamine in the brain Rationale: Levodopa/carbidopa, a dopaminergic agent, can act by increasing dopamine in the extrapyramidal center of the brain, reducing involuntary motion.