PHARM HESI

A client with hyperthyroidism is to receive methimazole. which information would the nurse provide? A. initial improvement will take several weeks B. few side effects are associated C. medication may be taken during the day D. large loading dose used initially

A. initial improvement will take several weeks

A child is administered a rotavirus vaccine. which adverse medication effect would the nurse monitor for? A. intussuscpetion B. encephalopathy C. thrombocytopenia D. Guillain-Barre syndrome

A. intussuscpetion **in rare cases causes intussusception which is a life threatening form of bowel obstruction that occurs due to the bowl folding on itself

A client is prescribed ampicillin sodium (Omnipen) for a sinus infection. the nurse should instruct the client to notify the healthcare provider immediately if which symptom occurs? A. rash B. Nausea C. Headache D. Dizziness

A. rash **rash is most common AE of all penicillins

A client is being treated for osteoporosis with alendronate (fosamax), and the nurse has completed discharge teaching regarding medication administration. which morning schedule would indicate to the nurse that the client teaching has been effective? A. take med, go for 30 min walk, then eat breakfast B. take med, rest for 30 min, eat, go for walk C. take with breakfast, 30 min walk D. 30 min walk, eat breakfast, take med

A. take med, go for 30 min walk, then eat breakfast **best absorbed when taken 30 mins before eating in the morning, remain in upright position for 30 mins after taking medication to reduce gerd

A patient is taking an antihypertensive drug; which antihypertensive drug is contraindicated in women who are lactating?

Atenolol *enters the breast milk and can cause adverse effects to the neonate

Which medications should the nurse caution the client about taking while receiving an opioid analgesic? A. Antacids B. Benzodiazepines C. antihypertensives D. Oral antidiabetics

B. Benzodiazepines **respiratory depression increases with concurrent use of opioid analgesics and other CNS depressants such as barbiturates and benzodiazepines

While taking a medical history, the client states, "I am allergic to penicillin." What related allergy to another type of antiinfective agent should the nurse ask the client about when taking the nursing history? A. aminoglycosides B. Cephalosporins C. Sulfonamides D. Tetracyclines

B. Cephalosporins **cross sensitivity between cephalosporins and penicillins

The nurse is preparing an education session for a client prescribed opioids for intractable cancer pain. The nurse should include strategies to help prevent which common SE associated with long term use of opioids? A. sedation B. Constipation C. Urinary retention D. Respiratory depression

B. Constipation **most likely persistent side effect related to opioid use

The nurse understands which vaccine is administered through the intranasal route? A. Rotavirus vaccine B. Influenza (live) vaccine C. Varicella vaccine D. HPV vaccine

B. Influenza vaccine **varicella is subq **rota is orally **HPV is IM

A client is schedules for an adrenalectomy. which action would the nurse expect in the plan of care? A. provide low protein diet B. administer parenteral corticosteroids C. collect preoperative 24 hr urine specimen D. Withold all medication 48 hours before surgery

B. administer parenteral corticosteroids **steroid therapy is given to prepare for acute adrenal insufficiency that follows surgery. an ample protein diet is needed and potassium

A client is prescribed morphine 1 mg IV per hour basal rate with 1 mg IV every 15 minutes per PCA pump for a total of 5 mg IV maximally per hour. which nursing action has the highest priority before initiating the PCA pump? A. assessment of expiration date B. assessment of rate and depth of respirations C. assessment of type of anesthesia D. assessment of clients subjective signs of pain

B. assessment of rate and depth of respirations **a life threatening SE of intravenous admin of morphine sulfate is respiratory depression

The nurse is planning discharge instructions for a client prescribed cyclosporine following a liver transplant. which AE should the nurse instruct the client to report to the healthcare provider? A. changes in urine color B. presence of hand tremors C. increase body hirsutism D. nausea and vomiting

B. presence of hand tremors **neurological complications happen in 50% of patients taking cyclosporine and should be reported

A 43 year old female client is prescribed thyroid replacement hormone following a thyroidectomy. which AE should the nurse instruct the client to report immediately to the healthcare provider? A. tinnitus and dizziness B. tachycardia and chest pain C. dry skin and intolerance to cold D. weight gain and increased appetite

B. tachycardia and chest pain **thyroid replacement hormone increases metabolic rate of all tissues. common signs of toxicity include tachycardia and chest pain

Which antidiarrheal agent should be used with caution in clients taking high dosages of aspirin for arthritis? A) Loperamide (Imodium). B) Probanthine (Propantheline). C) Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto Bismol). D) Diphenoxylate hydrochloride with atropine (Lomotil).

C) Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto Bismol). **pepto bishop contains a subsalicylate that increases the potential for calculate toxicity when used concurrently with aspirin .

In which category of fluids would the nurse classify an intravenous solution of 0.45% sodium chloride? A. isotonic B. Isometric C. Hypotonic D. Hypertonic

C. Hypotonic **less concentrated than body fluids

A client asks the nurse if glipizide (Glucotrol) is an oral insulin. Which response should the nurse provide? A. Yes it is an oral insulin and has the same actions and properties as intermediate insulin B. Yes, it is an oral insulin and is distributed, metabolized, and excreted in the same manner as insulin C. No it is not an oral insulin and can be used only when some beta cell function is present D. No, it is not an oral insulin, but it is effective for those who are resistant to injectable insulins

C. No it is not an oral insulin and can be used only when some beta cell function is present **effective oral insulin has not been developed **glipizide is an oral hypoglycemic agent that enhances pancreatic production of insulin

The nurse is reviewing admission prescriptions for a client with myxedema. the nurse should clarify with the healthcare provider which prescription for the client? A. liothyronine to replace iodine B. Furosemide for relief of fluid retention C. pentobarbital for sleep D. Nitroglycerin for angina

C. pentobarbital for sleep clients with myxedema are hypersensitive to narcotics, barbiturates, and anesthetics and should not be prescribed these medications if possible

The nurse admits a client with tumor induced spinal cord compression. which medication should the nurse anticipate to be prescribed to offer the best palliative treatment? A. morphine sulfate B. ibuprofen C. amitriptyline D. Dexamethasone

D. Dexamethasone **palliative treatment modality to manage symptoms related to compression due to tumor growth

A patient is receiving prednisone for an exacerbation of colitis, being the nurse, what explanation would you give to the patient for administering this medication? A. patient will be protected from infection B. symptoms associated with colitis will decrease slowly C. medication may cause anorexia, weight loss may not occur D. although medication decreases intestinal inflammation, it will not cure the colitis

D. although medication decreases intestinal inflammation, it will not cure the colitis **prednisone inhibits phagocytosis and suppresses other clinical phenomena of inflammation; symptomatic treatment that is not curative

Which change in data indicates to the nurse that the desired effect of the angiotensin II receptor antagonist valsartan has been achieved? A. Dependent edema reduced from 3 to 1 B. serum HDL from 35 to 55 C. pulse rate reduced from 150 to 90 bpm D. blood pressure reduced

D. blood pressure reduced **prescribed for treatment of hypertension

A client is admitted to the hospital for diagnostic testing for possible myasthenia travis. what is the expected outcome of administration of edrophonium chloride tensilon? A. progressive difficulty with swallowing B. decreased respiratory effort C. improvement in generalized effort D. decreased muscle weakness

D. decreased muscle weakness **a cholinergic agent will temporarily reduce muscle weakness--most common complaint of the disease

Which hormone levels do not require monitoring during the administration of menotropins for infertility? A. Estrogen B. LH C. FSH D. gonadotropin releasing hormone

D. gonadotropin releasing hormone **because this hormone is released at the hypothalamic level, it does not need to be monitored

Ranitidine has been prescribed to help treat a client's gastric ulcer. the nurse expects this medication to act specifically by which mechanism? A. inhibiting proton pumps B. promoting release of gastrin C. regenerating the gastric mucosa D. inhibiting the histamine at H2 receptors

D. inhibiting the histamine at H2 receptors limits gastric secretion; does not inhibit proton pumps

A client has a continuous IV infusion of dopamine (intropin) and an IV of normal saline at 50 mL/hr. the nurse notes that the clients urinary output has been 20 mL/hour for the last 2 hours. which intervention should the nurse initiate? A. Stop the infusion of dopamine B. change the normal saline to a keep open rate C. replace the urinary catheter D. notify the healthcare provider of the urinary output

D. notify the healthcare provider of the urinary output **the main effect of dopamine is to increase cardiac output which should increase urinary output, what is represented is oliguria which should be reported to the healthcare provider for dosage change

A client with giardiasis is taking metronidazole (flagyl) 2 grams PO. which information should the nurse include in the clients instruction? A. notify the clinic of any changes in urine B. avoid overexposure to the sun C. stop the med after the diarrhea resolves D. take the medication with food

D. take the medication with food **may cause gastric distress, so medication is good to take on a full stomach

which anesthetic medication is commonly used for short procedures on pediatric clients?

fentanyl

cocaine belongs to which drug category?

stimulant