Pharm Midterm
A patient is receiving low molecular weight heparin to prevent thromboembolic complications. The nursing student asks the nursing instructor the reason why this treatment is given instead of heparin. What is the instructor's best explanation of the rationale for LMWH over heparin? A) "LMWH is associated with less thrombocytopenia than standard heparin." B) "LMWH is associated with stronger anticoagulant effects than standard heparin." C) "LMWH is given to patients who have a history of blood dyscrasia." D) "LMWH is more effective than standard heparin for patients with hypertension."
A) "LMWH is associated with less thrombocytopenia than standard heparin."
A patient is administered an oral contraceptive. Which of the following is the process that occurs between the time the drug enters the body and the time that it enters the bloodstream? A) Absorption B) Distribution C) Metabolism D) Excretion
A) Absorption
In Phase I clinical trials, the potential uses and effects of a new drug are determined by which of the following methods? A) Administering doses to healthy volunteers B) Administering doses to people with the disease C) Administering in placebo-controlled design D) Calculating the risk-to-benefit ratio
A) Administering doses to healthy volunteers
A patient has been administered heparin to prevent thromboembolism development status postmyocardial infarction. The patient develops heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Which of the following medications will be administered? A) Argatroban (Acova) B) Vitamin K C) Calcium gluconate D) Aminocaproic acid (Amicar)
A) Argatroban (Acova)
A patient who is recovering in hospital from a bilateral mastectomy has developed minor bleeding at one of her incision sites. During the process of clot formation, plasminogen will become part of a clot by which of the following means? A) By binding with fibrin B) By binding with platelets C) By activating plasmin D) By activating factor VII
A) By binding with fibrin
A male patient is taking atorvastatin calcium (Lipitor) to reduce serum cholesterol. Which of the following aspects of patient teaching is most important? A) Call his physician if he develops muscle pain. B) It is unacceptable to eat dietary fats. C) Decrease the dose if lethargy occurs. D) Eat two eggs per day to increase protein stores.
A) Call his physician if he develops muscle pain.
A patient is administered morphine. Morphine is a prototypical drug that can be classified in different ways. Which of the following classifications applies to morphine? A) Central nervous system depressant B) Central nervous system stimulant C) Anti-inflammatory D) Antihypertensive
A) Central nervous system depressant
A patient who has been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus is being instructed on her medication regimen, diet, and exercise. She is having difficulty grasping information about when exactly she should administer insulin. Which of the following nursing diagnoses is most appropriate for this patient? A) Deficient knowledge: drug therapy regimen B) Noncompliance: overuse C) Risk for injury related to adverse effects D) Acute confusion related to insulin regimen
A) Deficient knowledge: drug therapy regimen
Which of the following assessments should be made before administering a new medication? A) Determine the patient's past medication history. B) Evaluate the patient's health beliefs. C) Instruct the patient on the effect of the medication. D) Teach the patient about the desired outcomes of drug therapy.
A) Determine the patient's past medication history.
A patient is admitted with thrombophlebitis and sent home on enoxaparin (Lovenox). Which statement indicates a good understanding of why enoxaparin is being administered? A) Enoxaparin inhibits the formation of additional clots. B) Enoxaparin eliminates certain clotting factors. C) Enoxaparin decreases the viscosity of blood. D) Enoxaparin will dissolve the existing clots.
A) Enoxaparin inhibits the formation of additional clots
The nurse makes an effort to provide high-quality care to patients by obtaining and analyzing the best available scientific research. This activity demonstrates an important component of which of the following? A) Evidence-based nursing B) Medical justification C) Nursing data synthesis D) Scientific nursing
A) Evidence-based nursing
Which cellular structure stores hormones and other substances and packages these substances into secretory granules? A) Golgi apparatus B) Endoplasmic reticulum C) Mitochondria D) Lysosome
A) Golgi apparatus
A patient who is 6 feet tall and weighs 280 pounds will require which of the following doses? A) Higher dose than a patient who weighs 180 pounds B) Lower dose than a patient who weighs 180 pounds C) Same dose as a patient who weighs 180 pounds D) A parenteral rather than oral dose
A) Higher dose than a patient who weighs 180 pounds
A patient in cardiovascular collapse requires pharmacological interventions involving a rapid drug action and response. What route of administration is most likely appropriate? A) Intravenous B) Oral C) Rectal D) Topical
A) Intravenous
A nursing student in a pharmacology class should be encouraged to study the medications according to which categorization? A) Prototype B) Controlled substance C) Drug use D) Generic names
A) Prototype
A patient has been brought to the emergency department by ambulance, and his friend states that he has overdosed on methadone, a long-acting opioid. The care team is preparing to administer the appropriate antidote, naloxone, which has a shorter half-life than methadone. What are the implications of this aspect of pharmacokinetics? A) Repeated doses of naloxone will likely be necessary. B) A different antidote will be required after the serum level of naloxone decreases. C) An increased dose of naloxone will be required. D) The antidote is unlikely to have a therapeutic effect on the patient's symptoms.
A) Repeated doses of naloxone will likely be necessary.
A patient has informed the nurse that he has begun supplementing his medication regimen with a series of herbal remedies recommended by his sister-in-law. Which of the following is the most important nursing responsibility regarding herbal supplements? A) Research for potential interactions with medications. B) Instruct the patient to discontinue them if taking prescription medications. C) Instruct the patient to take the supplements 1 hour before prescription medications. D) Instruct the patient to take the supplements 3 hours after prescription medications.
A) Research for potential interactions with medications.
The nurse is repeatedly unsuccessful in starting an IV on a patient who requires antibiotic therapy. The physician then orders the patient to receive an oral antibiotic. What is the major disadvantage of the oral route over the parenteral route? A) Slower rate of action B) Greater adverse effects C) Increased risk of tolerance D) Dose must be larger.
A) Slower rate of action
A patient is being administered a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor to treat depression. Which of the following herbal supplements is contraindicated? A) St. John's wort B) Glucosamine C) Chondroitin D) Melatonin
A) St. John's wort
A patient with an autoimmune disorder has just been prescribed a synthetic drug. Which of the following characteristics is a noted advantage of synthetic drugs? A) Synthetic drugs are less likely to cause an allergic reaction than naturally occurring substances. B) Synthetic drugs typically require less frequent dosing than naturally occurring substances. C) Synthetic drugs are normally available on an over-the-counter basis. D) Synthetic drugs are available in a wider variety of administration routes than naturally occurring substances.
A) Synthetic drugs are less likely to cause an allergic reaction than naturally occurring substances.
An infant's current weight indicates that the maximum safe dose of Tylenol is 30 mg by mouth. The physician orders 65 mg to be given, and the nurse administers Tylenol 65 mg. Who is legally responsible in the event that the infant has a toxic reaction to the medication? A) The nurse B) The pharmacist C) The physician D) The pharmacy technician
A) The nurse
An 85-year-old patient has an elevated serum creatinine level, indicating impaired kidney function. When the patient is administered a medication, this patient is at risk for which of the following medication-related effects? A) Toxicity B) Increased absorption C) Delayed gastric emptying D) Idiosyncratic effects
A) Toxicity
A patient who has been treated with warfarin (Coumadin) after cardiac surgery is found to have an INR of 9.0. Which medication will be administered to assist in the development of clotting factors? A) Vitamin K B) Vitamin E C) Protamine sulfate D) Acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin)
A) Vitamin K
A patient tells the nurse, "I took my sleeping pill yesterday evening, but it didn't seem to work for me like it usually does." The nurse should consider which of the following variables that can affect drug absorption? Select all that apply. A) GI function B) Blood flow to the site of administration C) The presence of other drugs D) Route of administration E) The presence of receptor agonists
A,B,C,D
A patient is discharged from the hospital with a prescription of warfarin (Coumadin). Which of the following statements indicates successful patient teaching? A) "If I miss a dose, I will take two doses." B) "I will avoid herbal remedies." C) "I will eat spinach or broccoli daily." D) "I will discontinue my other medications."
B) "I will avoid herbal remedies."
A nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular injection of an older adult's seasonal influenza vaccination. What size needle should the nurse use to administer the injection? A) 16 gauge B) 20 gauge C) 24 gauge D) 28 gauge
B) 20 gauge
The physician orders potassium chloride 40 mEq to be added to the patient's IV solution. The vial reads 10 mEq/5 mL. How many milliliters will be added to the IV solution? A) 0.25 mL B) 20 mL C) 200 mL D) 40 mL
B) 20 mL
A patient asks the nurse what dose of acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin) is needed each day for antiplatelet effects to prevent heart attacks. What dose is most appropriate to reduce platelet aggregation? A) 10 mg B) 30 mg C) 625 mg D) 1000 mg
B) 30 mg
A patient is confused about her care provider's advice and has stated to the nurse, "I wasn't sure whether he recommended Tylenol or whether he recommended acetaminophen." The nurse should include which of the following information in an explanation of generic and trade names? A) Prescribers should refer solely to generic names in their recommendations and written prescriptions. B) A generic name is independent of any particular drug manufacturer. C) Generic names change frequently, but trade names are more consistent. D) Prescribers should refer solely to trade names in their recommendations and written prescriptions.
B) A generic name is independent of any particular drug manufacturer.
A patient older than 65 years is more likely to experience drug reaction than a much younger patient. Which of the following factors accounts for this variation? A) Drugs more readily crossing the blood-brain barrier in older people B) Age-related physiologic changes C) Increased drug-metabolizing enzymes in older people D) Diminished immune response
B) Age-related physiologic changes
A 55-year-old man has been diagnosed with coronary artery disease and begun antiplatelet therapy. The man has asked the nurse why he is not taking a "blood thinner like warfarin." What is the most likely rationale for the clinician's use of an antiplatelet agent rather than an anticoagulant? A) Antiplatelet agents do not require the man to undergo frequent blood work; anticoagulants require constant blood work to ensure safety. B) Antiplatelet agents are more effective against arterial thrombosis; anticoagulants are more effective against venous thrombosis. C) Antiplatelet agents are most effective in large vessels; anticoagulants are most effective in the small vessels of the peripheral circulation. D) Antiplatelet agents have fewer adverse effects than anticoagulants.
B) Antiplatelet agents are more effective against arterial thrombosis; anticoagulants are more effective against venous thrombosis.
A nurse is aware of the importance of adhering to the intended route of a medication. Which of the following drugs are formulated to be absorbed through the skin? A) Amoxicillin, tetracycline, and penicillin B) Clonidine, fentanyl, and nitroglycerin C) Digoxin, lidocaine, and propranolol D) Insulin, heparin, and morphine
B) Clonidine, fentanyl, and nitroglycerin
Protein binding is an important aspect of pharmacokinetics. Protein binding ultimately has which of the following effects on drug action? A) Increases the drug's speed of action B) Decreases the drug's speed of action C) Increases the rate of excretion D) Averts adverse effects
B) Decreases the drug's speed of action
The nurse is providing care for a patient who has rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following herbal supplements is often combined with chondroitin to repair cartilage? A) Ginkgo B) Glucosamine C) St. John's wort D) Saw palmetto
B) Glucosamine
A patient has a history of clot formation. She is scheduled for bowel resection due to colorectal cancer. What anticoagulant agent will be administered prophylactically? A) Acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin) B) Heparin C) Warfarin (Coumadin) D) Streptokinase (Streptase)
B) Heparin
A patient has experienced the formation of clots and has bruising. It is determined that there is a depletion of the patient's coagulation factors and widespread bleeding. Which of the following medications will be administered? A) Aminocaproic acid (Amicar) B) Heparin C) Warfarin (Coumadin) D) Protamine sulfate
B) Heparin
A patient with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder has begun lithium therapy, and the nurse has explained the need for regular monitoring of the patient's serum drug levels. What is the primary rationale for the nurse's instruction? A) It is necessary to regularly test for blood-drug incompatibilities that may develop during treatment. B) It is necessary to ensure that the patient's drug levels are therapeutic but not toxic. C) It is needed to determine if additional medications will be needed to potentiate the effects D) It is needed in order to confirm the patient's adherence to the drug regimen.
B) It is necessary to ensure that the patient's drug levels are therapeutic but not toxic.
A nurse who provides care on a postsurgical unit frequently administers Schedule II drugs to patients. Which of the following aspects of administering these drugs falls under the auspices of the Drug Enforcement Agency? A) Performing a thorough patient assessment prior to administration B) Recording each dose administration on an agency narcotic sheet C) Informing patients of the potential risks and benefits of Schedule II drugs prior to the first dose D) Assessing the patient shortly after administration to ensure therapeutic effect
B) Recording each dose administration on an agency narcotic sheet
A hospital nurse is vigilant in ensuring the safe use of medications and consistently applies the rights of medication administration. Which of the following is one of the traditional rights of medication administration? A) Right to refuse B) Right route C) Right education D) Right evaluation
B) Right route
The nurse has measured a patient's capillary blood glucose and is preparing to administer NPH insulin. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform? A) Administer intramuscularly. B) Rotate the liquid. C) Vigorously shake the vial. D) Administer intradermally.
B) Rotate the liquid.
A patient has been prescribed an antibiotic. This medication is a naturally occurring substance that has been chemically modified. What is another name for this type of medication? A) Synthetic drug B) Semisynthetic drug C) Biotechnology drug D) Prototype drug
B) Semisynthetic
A patient has an elevated total serum cholesterol of 260 mg/dL. Which of the following aspects of patient teaching of lifestyle changes is most important for the patient? A) Eat organic foods. B) Stop smoking. C) Increase rest periods. D) Drink whole milk.
B) Stop smoking.
The administration of anabolic steroids is regulated by which of the following laws? A) The Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938 B) The Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act C) The Harrison Narcotic Act D) The Shirley Amendment
B) The Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act
An obese patient who has an elevated triglyceride level and reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol is seen by her primary care physician. What do these data suggest in this patient? A) The development of arthritic syndrome B) The development of metabolic syndrome C) The development of Reye's syndrome D) The development of Tay-Sachs disease
B) The development of metabolic syndrome
A 50-year-old man has undergone a bunionectomy and has been admitted to the postsurgical unit. What aspect of the man's medical history would contraindicate the use of heparin for DVT prophylaxis? A) The man is morbidly obese. B) The man has a diagnosis of ulcerative colitis. C) The man had a myocardial infarction 18 months ago. D) The man has a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
B) The man has a diagnosis of ulcerative colitis.
A nurse has administered a dose of a drug that is known to be highly protein-bound. What are the implications of this characteristic? A) The patient must consume adequate protein in order to achieve a therapeutic effect. B) The molecules of the drug that are bound to protein are inactive. C) Increased levels of serum protein will increase the effect of the drug. D) Each molecule of the drug must bind to a protein molecule to become effective.
B) The molecules of the drug that are bound to protein are inactive
A nurse is aware that the dosing scheduling of a patient's new medication takes into account the serum half-life of the drug. What is the serum half-life of a medication? A) The time required for IV medications to penetrate the brain tissue B) The time needed for the serum level to fall by 50% C) The safest margin to prevent toxicity D) The dose adjustment that reduces the risk of adverse effects by one half
B) The time needed for the serum level to fall by 50%
A patient is suffering from a cough associated with an upper respiratory infection. Which oral medication will likely produce the most therapeutic effect? A) A tablet B) An expectorant C) A topical spray D) A timed-release tablet
B) an expectorant
A nurse is preparing to simultaneously administer two drugs to a patient. The nurse knows that the drugs have been ordered to be given together because of their synergistic effect. This means that: A) the adverse effects of one of the drugs are nullified by the other drug. B) the combined effects are greater than the effects of either one of the drugs alone. C) one of the drugs enhances metabolism, while the other drug enhances either distribution or absorption. D) both drugs are toxic in isolation but therapeutic when administered together.
B) the combined effects are greater than the effects of either one of the drugs alone.
A woman has been prescribed paroxetine hydrochloride, which is an antidepressant agent administered in pill form. The medication is administered for her obsessive compulsive disorder. The medication will produce which of the following effects? A. Curative B. Systemic C. Local D. Parenteral
B. Systemic
A patient is being administered heparin IV and has been started on warfarin (Coumadin). The patient asks the nurse why she is taking both medications. What is the nurse's most accurate response? A) "After a certain period of time, you must start warfarin and heparin together." B) "You will need both warfarin and heparin for several days." C) "Warfarin takes 3 to 5 days to develop anticoagulant effects, and you still need heparin." D) "Warfarin cannot be given without heparin due to the amount of clotting you need."
C) "Warfarin takes 3 to 5 days to develop anticoagulant effects, and you still need heparin."
You have received an order for a medication to be administered buccally. Where is the medication administered? A) Eye B) Vagina C) Cheek D) Nose
C) Cheek
A patient is taking a medication that is metabolized by the CYP enzymes. Which of the following medications inhibits several of the CYP enzymes? A) Cisplatin B) Acebutolol hydrochloride C) Cimetidine D) Dicloxacillin sodium
C) Cimetidine
An 88-year-old woman has developed syncope (fainting) since an antihypertensive agent was added to her medication regime. The development of syncope may be related to which of the following physiologic processes? A) Interaction of other medications B) Ingestion of herbal supplements C) Diminished excretion of the medication D) Increased metabolism of the medication
C) Diminished excretion of the medication
A nurse is responsible for maintaining an accurate count and record of the controlled substances on the nursing unit. This nursing action is regulated by which of the following laws or agencies? A) Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938 B) Public Health Service C) Drug Enforcement Administration D) Shirley Amendment
C) Drug Enforcement Administration
Which organization is responsible for approving new drugs in the United States? A) American Medical Association B) American Pharmaceutical Association C) Food and Drug Administration D) United States Pharmacopeia
C) Food and Drug Administration
A patient states that she takes acetaminophen (Tylenol) four to five times daily when she is at home. Which of the following laboratory tests is a relevant response to this practice? A) Cardiac enzymes B) Peak and trough C) Liver enzymes D) White blood cell count
C) Liver enzymes
A patient is taking warfarin (Coumadin) to prevent clot formation related to atrial fibrillation. How are the effects of the warfarin (Coumadin) monitored? A) RBC B) aPTT C) PT and INR D) Platelet count
C) PT and INR
A patient is administered amoxicillin (Amoxil). The generic name of this medication indicates that it belongs to which drug group? A) Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors B) Diuretics C) Penicillins D) ACE inhibitors
C) Penicillins
A new medication for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease is being administered to a group of subjects with the disease. The subjects receiving this medication are unaware of whether they are being administered the medication or whether they are receiving a placebo. This testing occurs in which phase of the drug approval process? A) Phase I B) Phase II C) Phase III D) Phase IV
C) Phase III
Which of the following reference books provides information from the drug manufacturers' inserts? A) American Formulary Service B) Drug Facts and Comparisons C) Physicians' Desk Reference D) Lippincott's Nursing Drug Guide
C) Physician's Desk Reference
A nurse is preparing to administer a patient's scheduled beta-adrenergic blocker. The nurse is aware that the patient is receiving this drug for the treatment of hypertension. The nurse has addressed which of the following rights of safe medication administration? A) Right indication B) Right diagnosis C) Right reason D) Right history
C) Right reason
A nurse is aware that American drug laws have a long and complex history, with numerous jurisdictions being involved. What is the primary purpose of drug laws in the United States? A) To ensure maximum choice for consumers B) To expedite the workload of care providers C) To protect the safety of the public D) To enhance the efficient delivery of health care
C) To protect the safety of the public
Trials of a new drug are scheduled to soon begin and the testing methodology will integrate the stipulations of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Revitalization Act. According to this act, the manufacturer must A) independently fund the entire testing process. B) make the results of the testing process publicly available. C) include women and minorities in the testing process. D) exclude any potential for financial gain during the testing process.
C) include women and minorities in the testing process.
A patient requires a high dose of his new antihypertensive medication because the new medication has a significant first-pass effect. This means that the drug A) must pass through the patient's bloodstream several times to generate a therapeutic effect. B) passes through the renal tubules and is excreted in large amounts. C) is extensively metabolized in the patient's liver. D) is ineffective following the first dose and increasingly effective with each subsequent dose.
C) is extensively metabolized in the patient's liver.
An 80-year-old patient with risk factors for thrombophlebitis is to be administered heparin 5000 units subcutaneously. The heparin vial is labeled 10,000 units/mL. How many milliliters will the nurse administer to the patient? A) 50 mL B) 1.5 mL C) 5 mL D) 0.5 mL
D) 0.5 mL
A patient's current medication administration record includes a drug that the nurse recognizes as an Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) high-alert medication. This designation signals the nurse to what characteristic of the drug? A) It can only be administered by a physician or advanced practice nurse. B) Administration must be cosigned by a second registered nurse or practical/vocational nurse. C) It is currently undergoing Phase IV testing and is pending full FDA approval. D) Administration errors carry a heightened risk of causing significant patient harm.
D) Administration errors carry a heightened risk of causing significant patient harm.
A nurse has provided an oral dose of morphine, an opioid agonist, to a woman in early labor. The nurse should be aware of what characteristic of agonists? A) Agonists alter the normal processes of distribution and metabolism. B) Agonists counteract the action of specific neurotransmitters. C) Agonists block the action of specific neurotransmitters. D) Agonists bind to receptors and cause a physiological effect.
D) Agonists bind to receptors and cause a physiological effect.
A 79-year-old woman has been brought to the emergency department by ambulance with signs and symptoms of ischemic stroke. The care team would consider the STAT administration of what drug? A) Low molecular weight heparin B) Vitamin K C) Clopidogrel (Plavix) D) Alteplase (Activase)
D) Alteplase (Activase)
A pediatric nurse confronts many challenges when providing medications to children and infants. Which of the following principles is most appropriate when administering medication to children? A) If a child is resistant to taking the medication, the nurse should tell the child that it is candy. B) Measurement by teaspoons is as accurate as milliliters. C) If a drug is not supplied in liquid form, the nurse can always crush the pill. D) Assess the child's weight prior to initial drug administration.
D) Assess the child's weight prior to initial drug administration.
A patient is taking warfarin (Coumadin) after open heart surgery. The patient tells the home care nurse she has pain in both knees that began this week. The nurse notes bruises on both knees. Based on the effects of her medications and the complaint of pain, what does the nurse suspect is the cause of the pain? A) Joint thrombosis B) Torn medial meniscus C) Degenerative joint disease caused by her medication D) Bleeding
D) Bleeding
A patient has a gastrostomy tube, and the pharmacy has delivered an extended-release tablet. What is the most appropriate action taken by the nurse? A) Administer the medication orally. B) Administer the medication through the tube. C) Crush the medication and administer half of it at a time. D) Call the pharmacy to obtain an immediate-release form.
D) Call the pharmacy to obtain an immediate-release form.
The administration of diphenhydramine (Benadryl), which is an over-the-counter medication, is regulated by which government agency? A) Public Health Service B) Federal Trade Commission C) Occupational Safety and Health Administration D) Food and Drug Administration
D) Food and Drug Administration
A patient is receiving IV heparin every 6 hours. An activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is drawn 1 hour before the 08:00 dose. The PTT is 92 seconds. What is the most appropriate action by the nurse? A) Give the next two doses at the same time. B) Give the dose and chart the patient's response. C) Check the patient's vital signs and give the dose. D) Hold the dose and call the aPTT result to the physician's attention.
D) Hold the dose and call the aPTT result to the physician's attention.
A patient with a diagnosis of cardiovascular disease is taking atorvastatin calcium (Lipitor) to reduce serum cholesterol. What is the goal of therapy for LDL cholesterol for a patient taking atorvastatin calcium (Lipitor)? A) 100 to 115 mg/dL B) 75 to 85 mg/dL C) Less than 60 mg/dL D) Less than 100 mg/dL
D) Less than 100 mg/dL
Which of the following sites of drug absorption is considered to have an exceptionally large surface area for drug absorption? A) Rectum B) Fundus of the stomach C) Esophagus D) Lungs
D) Lungs
A patient has increased intracranial pressure and is ordered to receive a diuretic. Which of the following diuretics does not act on receptor sites to produce diuresis? A) Furosemide (Lasix) B) Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) C) Spironolactone (Aldactone) D) Mannitol (Osmitrol)
D) Mannitol (Osmitrol)
A nurse begins a patient interaction by systematically gathering information on the patient's care and eventually evaluating the outcomes of care. Which of the following represents this continuum of care? A) Assessment process B) Outcomes analysis C) Nursing interventions D) Nursing process
D) Nursing process
A patient is diagnosed with pneumonia and has been placed on antibiotics to treat the infection. Which of the following nursing actions will assist in increasing lung capacity? A) Promoting hand hygiene B) Increasing rest C) Frequent repositioning D) Promoting deep breathing
D) Promoting deep breathing
A patient is being discharged from the hospital with warfarin (Coumadin) to be taken at home. Which of the following foods should the patient be instructed to avoid in his diet? A) Eggs B) Dairy products C) Apples D) Spinach
D) Spinach
A patient with a long-standing dermatological health problem has been advised to use a drug with a local effect. The nurse should recognize what characteristic of this drug? A) It affects only the organ system in which it is metabolized. B) The drug requires application at multiple sites. C) It is effective only as long as it is in contact with skin. D) The drug acts primarily at the site where it is applied.
D) The drug acts primarily at the site where it is applied.
A patient is prescribed eptifibatide (Integrilin), which inhibits platelet aggregation by preventing activation of GP IIb/IIIa receptors on the platelet surface and the subsequent binding of fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor to platelets. Which of the following syndromes are treated with eptifibatide? A) Blocked carotid arteries B) Intermittent claudication C) Hypertension D) Unstable angina
D) Unstable angina
A patient who is receiving warfarin (Coumadin) has blood in his urinary catheter drainage bag. What medication will likely be ordered by the physician? A) Aminocaproic acid (Amicar) B) Platelets C) Protamine sulfate D) Vitamin K
D) Vitamin K
A nurse at a long-term care facility is conducting a medication reconciliation for a man who has just moved into the facility. The man is currently taking clopidogrel (Plavix). The nurse is most justified is suspecting that this man has a history of A) hemorrhagic cerebrovascular accident. B) hemophilia A. C) idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). D) myocardial infarction.
D) myocardial infarction.