PHARM PRACTICE QUESTIONS CHAP 15

Which symptoms are associated with Parkinson disease? Select all that apply.

Rigidity Tremors Bradykinesia

Which drug used for the management of the patient with PD is most likely to cause postural hypotension? A. amantadine (Symmetrel) B. selegiline (Eldepryl) C. tolcapone (Tasmar) D. entacapone (Comtan)

A. amantadine (Symmetrel)

Which antiparkinson drug causes an increase in the levels of dopaminergic stimulation in the central nervous system and therefore allows a decreased dose of other medications? A. Levodopa B. Carbidopa C. Selegiline D. Diphenhydramine

C. Selegiline

A patient has been diagnosed with PD. Medication therapy is started for this patient. The nurse should teaching the patient and care giver that pharmacologic therapy of PD? A. The medication should be stopped when the patient's symptoms improve. B. Alcohol, over-the-counter drugs, and herbals are to be avoided unless approved by the prescriber. C. A common side effect of anticholinergics is drooling. D. Improvements in symptoms are expected within 5 days of medication therapy.

B. Alcohol, over-the-counter drugs, and herbals are to be avoided unless approved by the prescriber.

Which part of the brain regulates muscle coordination? A. Thalamus B. Cerebellum C. Basal ganglion D. Globus pallidus

B. Cerebellum

Which substance, if out of balance with acetylcholine, leads to Parkinson disease? A. Serotonin B. Dopamine C. Epinephrine D. Norepinephrine

B. Dopamine

Why is carbidopa-levodopa the drug of choice for the treatment of Parkinson disease in most older adult patients? A. It treats muscle rigidity. B. It is a relatively safe drug. C. It does not have any side effects. D. It treats patients who have had allergic reactions to other drugs.

B. It is a relatively safe drug.

What is the difference between carbidopa-levodopa and ropinirole? A. Both drugs have the same pharmacodynamic and side effect profiles. B. Ropinirole is a dopamine agonist that has fewer side effects than carbidopa-levodopa. C. Carbidopa-levodopa acts as a dopamine agonist, whereas ropinirole directly replaces dopamine. D. Carbidopa-levodopa is less effective than ropinirole in treating the symptoms of Parkinson disease.

B. Ropinirole is a dopamine agonist that has fewer side effects than carbidopa-levodopa.

The "off-on phenomenon" that some patients with PD experience is best explained as the A. need to take a drug holiday to improve response to medications. B. variable response to levodopa, resulting in periods of good control and periods of poor control of PD symptoms. C. alternating schedule of medications needed to control PD. D. fluctuation of emotions that often occurs with PD.

B. variable response to levodopa, resulting in periods of good control and periods of poor control of PD symptoms.

The nurse is assessing a patient who has recently been diagnosed with Parkinson disease and was prescribed tolcapone. Which assessment is appropriate for this patient? A. Assessment for bruising B. Assessment for mood fluctuations C. Assessment of liver function tests

C. Assessment of liver function tests

Which class of drugs is administered to treat on-off phenomenon in a patient with Parkinson disease? A. Anticholinergic drugs B. Dopamine modulators C. Catechol-ortho-methyltransferase D. Indirect-acting dopamine receptor agonists

C. Catechol-ortho-methyltransferase

Which neurodegenerative disorder is caused by a decrease in dopamine levels and an increase in acetylcholine levels in the brain? A. Dementia B. Schizophrenia C. Parkinson disease D. Alzheimer disease

C. Parkinson disease

Which instruction does the nurse provide to a patient who is taking a catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) inhibitor? A. "Perform frequent mouth care." B. "Monitor for any changes in urine color." C. "Avoid intake of milk and milk products." D. "Avoid taking the medicine on an empty stomach."

D. "Avoid taking the medicine on an empty stomach."

Which instruction is provided to a patient who is on a high dose of selegiline? A. Avoid consuming fish. B. Avoid consuming meat. C. Avoid consuming prunes. D. Avoid consuming red wine.

D. Avoid consuming red wine.

Which antiparkinson drug is useful in the treatment of prolactin-secreting tumors? A. Selegiline B. Ropinirole C. Entacapone D. Bromocriptine

D. Bromocriptine

When providing teaching to a patient receiving an anticholinergic for the treatment of PD, the nurse will include which information? A. Take the medication first thing in the morning. B. Limit fluid intake when taking this drug. C. The tremors you experience will be reduced within 24 hours of taking this drug. D. Do not take this medication at the same time as other medications.

D. Do not take this medication at the same time as other medications.

Why is levodopa the mainstay of treatment for a patient with Parkinson disease? A. It enhances dopamine release. B. It promotes dopamine synthesis. C. It impairs dopamine breakdown. D. It provides a dopamine precursor.

D. It provides a dopamine precursor.

Why is levodopa the mainstay of treatment for a patient with Parkinson disease? A. It enhances dopamine release. B. It promotes dopamine synthesis. C. It impairs dopamine breakdown. D. It provides a dopamine precursor.

D. It provides a dopamine precursor.

What is the main anatomic area of the brain that is affected in a patient with Parkinson disease? A. Thalamus B. Cerebellum C. Globus pallidus D. Substantia nigra

D. Substantia nigra