Pharm quiz 3 study questions

Which cytotoxic antibiotic does the nurse identify as most likely to cause pulmonary fibrosis?

Bleomycin can cause pulmonary fibrosis, but is not implicated in myelosuppression

Leukemia

Blood condition of white cells; malignant (cancerous) condition.

CCR5 antagonist

CCR5 inhibitors bind to the CCR5 co-receptor on the CD4+ cell and prevent HIV cell entry. Unlike others, CCR5 inhibitors do not directly target the HIV cell but rather blocks the human host cell receptor Maraviroc (Selzentry) BBW - Hepatotoxicity with allergic type features CI - Crcl < 30 mL/min - Taking potent 3A4 inhibitor/inducer SE - URTIs, fever, rash (including SJS), cough, musculoskeletal symptoms, dizziness, orthostatic hypotension, etc. Monitoring - Prior to starting therapy, patients must undergo a screening test (Trofile), to determine the tropism of the HIV since this agent will only work for patients with CCR5-tropic disease NOTE - Swallow tablet whole, do not chew, break or crush

The patient is being treated with one of the sulfonamides. She complains to the nurse of experiencing a sore throat. What is the highest priority action on the part of the nurse?

Call the HCP: This is symptomatic of a life-threatening anemia

tumor lysis syndrome

Chemotherapy can cause massive destruction of cells leading the creation of uric acid which can be toxic to the kidneys leading to Acute Tubular Necrosis. You can try to prevent this with hydration and allopurinol.

A pregnant woman has been diagnosed with cancer and is meeting with her oncologist to plan treatment. Which statement about chemotherapy and pregnancy is true?

Chemotherapy treatment during the second or third trimester poses less risk to the fetus

Which cytotoxic antibiotic may turn your urine red

Daunorubicin

When handling and administering vesicant drugs the nurse will:

Double flush the patient's bodily secretions in the commode

extravasation vs infiltration

Extravasation is when a vesicant (very irritating and necrotizing) soln is introduced to the tissue surrounding the IV cath. Infiltration is when a non-vesicant soln is in the same situation

A patient is taking emtrictabine (Emtriva) What is the most common side effect?

Hyperpigmentation of soles and palms

Which condition does the nurse anticipate when assessing a patient with tumor lysis syndrome?

Hyperuricemia: As the tumor lyses, uric acid builds up in the blood as the kidneys are overloaded with waste product. Allopurinol and colchicine aid in the prevention of buildup, with colchicine being used in more severe cases (these are also anti-gout medications)

A nurse is ordered to draw blood levels for a person receiving an antibiotic. The nurse is aware that peaks and troughs of serum antibiotic levels are monitored for drugs with a:

Narrow therapeutic index

Which nursing diagnosis takes priority when a patient is diagnosed with HIV?

Risk for infection

One patient has cancer of the bone; another has cancer in the connective tissues of the thigh muscles; a third patient has cancer in the vascular tissues. These patients have a type of tumor referred to as a

Sarcoma

A patient with cancer may be given an antineoplastic even if he is allergic to that particular drug?

True - Ask the patient what happens with this medication. Treatment with an antiemetic 30-60 before may help with the undesired effects

The nurse identifies which of the following as the most significant neurotoxin of the cytotoxic drug class?

Vincristin - very alkaline and caustic to the tissue

Carcinoma

a cancer arising in the epithelial tissue of the skin or of the lining of the internal organs.

Lymphoma

a general term applied to malignancies affecting lymphoid tissues

Sarcoma

malignant tumor of connective tissue

A patient who is receiving high-dose chemotherapy with methotrexate is also receiving leucovorin. The purpose of the leucovorin is to:

reduce the bone marrow suppression caused by the methotrexate. This is a rescue drug when a patient is reaching very toxic levels