Pharmaceutics Exam II

Acetylcysteine maintains or restores________levels to protect the liver. A. Cysteine B. Glutathione C. Glucuronyltransferase D. NAPQI

B. Glutathione

What polymer is the ER release tablet made out of? A. Hydrophilic polymers B. Hydrophobic polymers C. It does not have polymers D. Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose

B. Hydrophobic polymers

Concerta contains Polyethylene Glycol, which serves as a: A. Diluent B. Lubricant C. Plasticizer D. Colorant

B. Lubricant

Which of the following statements is UNTRUE? A. Prevacid can be used to treat GERD or stomach ulcer B. ODT tablets can be chewed or swallowed whole C. Prevacid inhibits proton-pump in the stomach to reduce acid secretion D. Lansoprazole is the generic name of Prevacid E. Lactose in an inactive filler ingredient

B. ODT tablets can be chewed or swallowed whole

Which of the following is INCORRECT about sublingual tablets? A. Sublingual tablets are rapidly absorbed B. Sublingual tablets have 100% bioavailability C. Sublingual tablets are highly volatile and should be kept in their original container D. Sublingual tablets are fast acting

B. Sublingual tablets have 100% bioavailability

Direction: If the density displacement factor for zinc oxide is 4.44, and the suppository mold holds 2.0 g of cocoa butter, how much cocoa butter would be required to prepare 12 of the suppositories for this prescription? Indication: to treat itching, burning, irritation, and other rectal discomfort caused by hemorrhoids or painful bowel movements (deodorizing, antibacterial). If the density displacement factor for zinc oxide is 4.44, and the suppository mold holds 2.0 g of cocoa butter, how much cocoa butter would be required to prepare 12 of the suppositories for this prescription? A)ZnO: 0.36 grams + Cocoa Butter: 23.19 grams. B) ZnO: 3.6 grams + Cocoa Butter: 23.19 grams. C) ZnO: 36 grams + Cocoa Butter: 23.19 grams. D) ZnO: 36 grams + Cocoa Butter: 231.9 grams.

B. ZnO: 3.6 grams + Cocoa Butter: 23.19 grams

Which of the following is NOT a dose strength for Nitrostat? A. 0.3 mg B. 0.4 mg C. 0.5 mg D. 0.6 mg

C. 0.5 mg

A pharmacist receives a prescription for 15 mg piroxicam capsules, qty. 48. A #1 capsule filled with piroxicam weighs 245 mg; a capsule filled with lactose weighs 180 mg. How much piroxicam and lactose are required for the prescription? Prepare sufficient powder for 50 capsules (2 extra). A. 15 mg piroxicam + 165 mg lactose B. 750 mg piroxicam + 9.00 g lactose 'C. 750 mg piroxicam + 8.45g lactose D. 15 mg piroxicam + 230 mg lactose E. None of the above

C. 750 mg piroxicam + 8.45 g lactose 1. Total drug amount required for 50 capsules:50 x 15mg = 750 mg piroxicam 2. Equivalent lactose vol. for 15 mg of drug per capsule?180/245 = x/15 => X= (15 x 180)/245 = 11 mg15 mg piroxicam occupies a similar volume as does 11 mg lactose per cap. 3. Required lactose amount per capsule180 mg - 11 mg = 169 mg lactose/capsule4. Total required lactose amount for 50 capsules169 x 50 = 8.45 g lactose required OR Use density displacement factor (DDF) = wt of drug required to displace 1 g of base 1. DDF= 180/245 =0.734 => 0.73 mg of lactose is displaced per mg of drug (or g/g)2. The equivalent wt. of lactose displaced by 750 mg of drugs:750 mg x 0.734 = 550.5 mg =0.55 g 3. Total amount of lactose for 50 capsules (if no drug is used)180 mg x 50 = 9,000 mg = 9 g 4. In presence of drug, lactose amount needed is:9g - 0.55 g = 8.45 g

If the API of 125 mg tablet decays by zero-order kinetics with a reaction rate constant kinetic of 0.5 mg per hour, what is the amount of intact drug remaining after 3 days (72 hours)? A. 0.89 mg B. 8.9 mg C. 89 mg D. 890 mg

C. 89 mg A= A0-k0t = 125 mg - 0.5 mg/hour x 72 hours = 89 mg after 3 days

14). The rectal route of administration of drugs may be preferred over the oral route for some systemic-acting because: A. the drug does not have to be absorbed B. absorption is predictable and complete C. a portion of the absorbed drug does not pass through the liver before entering the systemic circulation D. inert binders, diluents, and excipients cannot interfere with absorption E. the dissolution process is avoided

C. A portion of the absorbed drug does not pass through the liver before entering the systemic circulation

When bound to the receptor it acts as an: A. Antagonist B. Inverse agonist C. Agonist D. Competitive inhibitor

C. Agonist

What is the mechanism of action for Verapamil? A) Beta Blocker B) Alpha Blocker C) Calcium Channel Blocker D) ACE Inhibitor

C. Calcium Channel Blocker

Which of the following is NOT a correct recommendation for administration of Depakote Sprinkle capsules: A. Swallow the capsule whole B. Open the capsule and sprinkle entire contents onto soft food C. Chew capsules completely D. All of the above are correct recommendations

C. Chew capsules completely

11. How does the granulation process help produce better tablets? A. Improves flow and compression characteristics B. Reduces segregation C. Improves content uniformity D. Eliminates excessive amounts of fine particles E. All of the above

E. All of the above

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of Vagifem's formulation? A. Increased safety B. Avoids 1st pass metabolism C. Better patient adherence D. More consistent estrogen therapy E. All the above are benefits

E. All of the above are benefits

Which of these dosage strengths is/are are available for Prevacid Solutab? A. 15 mg B. 30 mg C. 45 mg D. Both B and C E. Both A and B

E. Both A and B

8) Directions: Each group of items in this section consists of lettered options followed by a set of numbered items. For each item, select the one lettered option that is most closely associated with it. Each lettered option may be selected once, more than once or not at all. A) Excessive moisture in the granulation B) Entrapment of air C) Tablet friability D) Degraded drug E) Tablet hardness 1. Picking 2. Mottling 3. Capping 4.Sticking

1=A 2=D 3=B 4=A Sticking refers to tablet material adhering to a die wall that may be caused by excessive moisture or ingredient with low melting temperatures. Mottling is uneven color distribution. It is most often due to poor mixing of the tablet granulation but may also result from degraded drug that produces a colored metabolite. Capping implies that compressed powder is not cohesive. Reasons for capping include excessive force of compression, use of insufficient binder, worn tablet tooling equipment, and air entrapment during processing. Picking refers to surface material from a tablet sticking to a punch. Picking can be due caused by a granulation that is too damp, by a scratched punch, by static charges on the powder, and by use of a punch tip with engraving or embossing

9) MATCH the lettered formulation design that best describes the mechanism of release fro each of the following sustained-release drug delivery systems ' A) Encapsulated dissolution B) Ion-exchange C) Matrix diffusion D) Matrix dissolution E) Osmotic pump 1. Drug is bound to a resin and released due to changes in pH 2. Drug is compressed into tablets with a slowly soluble polymer 3. Drug is compressed into tablets with an insoluble polymer 4. Drug particles are microencapsulated and a mixture of the particles is formulated into the dosage form.

1=B 2=E 3=C 4=A

You are asked to prepare 2 sets of twelve 1g suppositories, Set A and Set B. Set A requires 12 suppositories each containing 50mg of Drug X while Set B requires both 50mg of Drug X as well as 300mg of Drug Y in all twelve suppositories. Cocoa butter or Theobroma oil will be used for the base of the suppositories. A) What quantity of theobroma oil base is required in each set? B) How much does an individual suppository weigh in each set? Note:Displacement values of X and Y are 0.7 and 1.5, respectively. Hint: Make 15 suppo. to account for losses.

A) Theobroma oil for set A = 13.9g , for set B =10.9g B) Individual suppo in Set A = 0.98g and in set B = 1.08g (There's a long solution in the document)

3) How many minutes is the usual times allowed for the disintegration of most uncoated tablets? A) 30 B) 60 C) 90 D) 120 E) 180

A. 30 May vary official monograph. Usually 30 min. Coated tablets (up to 2 hrs). Sublingual tablets : 3 minutes. Please see reference table in lecture note for more info.

Depakote Sprinkle capsules, silica gel acts as a(n)________ A. Agent to increase flow B. Coloring agent C. Binder D. Lubricating agent

A. Agent to increase flow

Sandimmune inhibits immunocompetent lymphocytes in which phase of the cell cycle? A. G1 Phase B. S Phase C. G2 Phase D. M Phase

A. G1 Phase

What is the purpose of including Polysorbate 20, a surfactant, in the Spritam tablet? ​ A. Surfactants are used to increase the solubility and stability of a drug in solution/suspension.​ B. They are fillers and serve no purpose.​ C. Polysorbate 20 is the active pharmaceutical ingredient in Spritam tablets.​ D. Polysorbate 20 is used as flavoring to mask the bad taste of Spritam tablets.

A. Surfactants are used to increase the solubility and stability of a drug in solution/suspension

As pH decreases, phenergan becomes more stable. . A.True B.False

A. True

If the FDA requires unit expression in SI units for product specifications, what is the correct viscosity and surface tension of the above HPMC? a) 5 Pa.s, 47 mNm-1 b) 5 mPa.s, 47 mNm-1 c) 50 mPa.s, 470 mNm-1 d) 500 mPa.s, 4,700 mNm-1 e) 5.000 mPa.s, 47,000 mNm-1

B. 5 mPa.s, 47 mNm-1

What purpose does Barium Sulfate have in the ParaGard T 380A IUD?​ A. Changes uterine environment to inhibit sperm survival.​ B. Aids in the viewing of the T 380A on X-ray scans.​ C. Composes T-frame of device and aids in detection/removal of the device.​ D. All of the Above​ E. None of the Above

B. Aids in the viewing of the T 380A on X-ray scans

When phenergan is exposed to prolonged air and moisture, what color does it turn? A.Brown B. Blue C. Orange D. Red

B. Blue

Which of the following is an acceptable route of administration for miconazole? A. Oral B. Buccal C. IV D. IM

B. Buccal

What is the active pharmaceutical ingredient in Vagifem? A. Magnesium stearate B. Estradiol C. Polyethylene glycol D. Lactose

B. Estradiol

Which of the following is NOT a common side effect for Focalin XR? A. Trouble sleeping B. Anxiety C. Polyuria D. Upset stomach

C. Polyuria

What is a disadvantage of 3D printed Spritam?​ A. Spritam is a highly porous tablet ​ B. Spritam can be given to pediatrics and the elderly​ C. The cost of Spritam​ D. No dosage adjustment is necessary if patient is hepatically impaired

C. The cost of Spritam

2) Considering this "secret" formula and procedure, the amount of Acetaminophen (in kg) required to produce 1 million tylenol tablets is: A) 0.5 kg B) 5 kg C) 50 kg D) 500 kg E) 500,000 kg

D. 500 kg 500 mg/tablets x 1,000,000 = 500, 000,000 mg Since: 1 kg = 1,000 g = 1,000,000 mg, 1 kg/1,000,000 mg x 500,000,000 mg = 500 kg

Concerta is supplied in which of the following strengths? A. 16mg B. 35mg C. 40mg D. 54mg

D. 54 mg

How does copper enhance contraceptive efficacy? ​ A. Interferes with sperm transport​ B. Interferes with fertilization of an egg​ C. Prevents Implantation​ D. All of the Above​ E. None of the Above

D. All of the above

Which of the following are recommended storage instructions for ALBENZA®️? A. Store at room temperature B. Story in a cool, dry place away from light C. Keep out of the reach of children D. All of the above

D. All of the above

What dosage form(s) does ALBENZA®️ come in? A. Tablets B. Chewable Tablets C. Oral solution D. Both A and B

D. Both A and B (Tablets and Chewable Tablets)

Sandimmune soft gelatin capsules are available in which of the following strength(s)? A. 25mg B. 50mg C. 100mg D. Both A and C

D. Both A and C (25 mg and 100 mg)

Some key methods for the formulation of acetylcysteine include all of the following EXCEPT: A. Fluid bed granulation B. Direct Compression C. Wet granulation D. Dry granulation

D. Dry granulation

Which of the following is the mechanism of action of Focalin XR? A. Calcium channel blocker B. Prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor C. Bacterial cell wall inhibitor D. norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor

D. Norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor

Miconazole inhibits which enzyme for its mechanism of action? A. CYP3A4 B. Alcohol Dehydrogenase C. Phospholipase C D. P450 14-alpha demethylase

D. P450 14-alpha demethylase

At what temperature should Verapamil be stored? A) Wet, cool area B) Refrigerated C) High heat D) Room Temperature

D. Room Temperature

15) Most commercial vaginal suppositories use a base of: A) beewax B) cocoa butter C) glycerin D) glycerinated gelatin E) polyethylene glycols

E. polyethylene glycols

4) Consider the basic tablet coating solution formula below, identify the function of each inactive ingredient?: HPMC, 5cp, 47 dyne/cm 7.5 PEG 0.5 Iron Oxide yellow 0.6 Titanium Dioxide 3.1 Purified water 88

HPMC--water soluble polymer PEG--Plasticizer/pore forming agent Iron oxide yellow--opacifier/pigment or colorant Titanium Dioxide--opacifier/pigment or colorant Purified water--polymer solvent and coating medium

Advantages to the manufacturer for tablet film coating when compared to sugar coating include: I. shorter production times II. Less gross weight III. Lower incidence in coat chipping

I, II, and III