Pharmacology: Ch. 5 Medication Errors: Preventing and Responding

The nurse is teaching a patient about the Speak Up awareness program. The nurse would tell patients that this program is designed to encourage them to do which? 1. Express gratitude to the hospital staff 2. Ask questions about the health care provided 3. Share problems with the hospital 4. Talk to other patients and discuss issues with them

Ask questions about the health care provided. --Speak Up is a patient public awareness program that started to encourage patients to take a more active role in their health care by speaking up and asking questions whenever they feel the need to do so. P. 63

Which nursing action warrants immediate intervention by the charge nurse? 1. Repeats back a verbal order over the telephone. 2. Avoids distractions when preparing medications. 3. Refers to a drug handbook prior to administering a medication. 4. Asks a patient to state his or her weight prior to entering a medication order.

Asks a patient to state his or her weight prior to entering a medication order. P. 68

Which action would the nurse implement first in response to an incorrect dose of insulin to a patient given by a colleague? 1. Assess the patient. 2. Notify the nurse manager. 3. Instruct the nurse to complete an incident report. 4. Report the medication error to the health care provider.

Assess the patient. P. 65

At which time would the nurse perform medication reconciliation for a patient? 1. After the patient is discharged 2. While the patient is in surgery 3. While the patient is undergoing a radiologic test 4. Before the patient is transferred to the intensive care unit

Before the patient is transferred to the intensive care unit. --This is because changes could have been made to the original medication list. P. 68-69

According to the American Medical Association (AMA), which action by the health care provider is categorized as disruptive behavior? 1. Repeating instructions to the staff. 2. Repeatedly cross-checking a prescription. 3. Paying extra attention to a patient. 4. Being critical about the patient's personal life

Being critical about the patient's personal life. --Any action of the PCP that causes a negative impact on the patient's care is known as disruptive behavior. P. 65

Which precautions will the nurse take to prevent medication errors? Select all that apply. 1. Know the drug information thoroughly. 2. Avoid the use of drug handbooks. 3. Use verbal telephone prescriptions. 4. Avoid distractions while giving medications. 5. Verify information in handwritten prescriptions.

1, 4, 5 -Know the drug information thoroughly. -Avoid distractions while giving medications. -Verify information in handwritten prescriptions. --The nurse should know the label claim, drug action, adverse effects, safe dosage ranges, routes of administration, high-alert drug status cautions, and contraindications. P. 68

Which groups of pediatric patients are at a higher risk of medication errors? Select all that apply. 1. Children who are 5 years old or older. 2. Those admitted in an intensive care unit. 3. Children receiving chemotherapeutic agents. 4. Those whose weight is accurately determined 5. Children in the emergency department on the weekend.

2, 3, 5 -Those admitted in an intensive care unit. -Children receiving chemotherapeutic agents. -Children in the emergency department on the weekend. P. 68

Which medications fall within the high-alert category? Select all that apply. 1. Diuretic agents 2. Inotropic drugs 3. Antiemetic agents 4. Cardioplegic solutions 5. Chemotherapeutic agents

2, 4, 5 -Inotropic drugs -Cardioplegic solutions -Chemotherapeutic agents --These drugs have low therapeutic indexes. --The nurse would carefully monitor patients who are prescribed high-alert medications. P. 63

Which medication order would the nurse question? 1. Warfarin 5 mg by mouth at 1400. 2. 0.25 mg digoxin by mouth once a day. 3. Heparin intravenous bolus of 10 units per kg x 1 dose. 4. 2.0 mg regular insulin subcutaneous before meals.

2.0 mg regular insulin subcutaneous before meals. --Dosages shouldn't have a trailing zero as it may be confused with dosages that are incorrect. P. 68

According to the National Coordinating Council for Medication Error Reporting and Prevention, which categories of medication errors exist? Select all that apply. 1. Inadvertent 2. Never reported 3. Cause patient harm 4. Cause patient death 5. Cause no patient harm

3, 4, 5 -Cause patient harm -Cause patient death -Cause no patient harm P. 67

Which action by the nurse would warrant immediate intervention by the charge nurse? 1. Checks the right drug, dose, time, patient, and route 2. Administers a medication after asking the patient's name 3. Obtains an apical pulse before administering a cardiac medication 4. Educates the patient on reason for use of each drug administered

Administers a medication after asking the patient's name. --The nurse should use two patient identifiers (Name and DOB for example). P. 68

A patient developing a topical rash after taking a medication is an example of which type of response? 1. Error 2. Allergic 3. Near miss 4. Idiosyncratic

Allergic P. 62

Which term describes an unexpected immunologic reaction in a patient due to the use of a particular medication? 1. Medication error 2. Allergic reaction 3. Idiosyncratic reaction 4. Predictable reaction

Allergic reaction. P. 61

The nurse does not understand a patient who does not speak English. Which action would the nurse take? 1. Arrange for an interpreter. 2. Interpret what the patient is saying. 3. Contact the Primary health care provider. 4. Ask the patient to try speaking English.

Arrange for an interpreter. P. 67

Which strategies are helpful in preventing medication errors in nursing practice? Select all that apply. 1. Provide patients with proper education. 2. Verify medication orders before administering them. 3. Develop professional relationships with pharmacists 4. Avoid using computerized prescriber order entry and bar coding. 5. Instruct the patient not to question the primary health care provider.

1, 2, 3 -Provide patients with proper education. -Verify medication orders before administering them. -Develop professional relationships with pharmacists. P. 67

Which information would the nurse document when completing an incident report for a medication error? Select all that apply. 1. Any follow-up actions 2. Dose of the medication given 3. Patient response to the medication error 4. The suspected reason the error occurred 5. The time the health care provider was notified

1, 2, 3, 5 -Any follow-up actions -Dose of the medication given -Patient response to the medication error -The time the health care provider was notified --Factual information should only be included in the incident report. P. 67

Which rights of medication administration would the nurse keep in mind? Select all that apply. 1. Right time 2. Right drug 3. Right dose 4. Right prescriber 5. Right patient 6. Right disease

1, 2, 3, 5 -Right time -Right drug -Right dose -Right patient --Five rights of medication administration: right time, right drug, right dose, right route, and right patient. P. 67

Which steps are used in medication reconciliation? Select all that apply. 1. Verification 2. Clarification 3. Identification 4. Classification 5. Reconciliation

1, 2, 5 -Verification -Clarification -Reconciliation --Verification: patient's medication info is collected. --Clarification: patient info is reviewed to ensure that the meds and doses are appropriate for the patient. --Reconciliation: further investigation of any discrepancies and documentation of relevant communications and changes in med prescriptions is done. P. 69

In which step of the medication process can a medication error occur? Select all that apply. 1. Prescribing 2. Verification 3. Procurement 4. Transcribing 5. Administration

1, 3, 4, 5 -Prescribing -Procurement -Transcribing -Administration --Also dispensing. P. 63

Which action would the nurse teach parents to ensure correct administration of medications? Select all that apply. 1. Read the label and dispensing directions. 2. Keep all family medications in one place. 3. Avoid getting distracted while giving medications. 4. Learn how to accurately administer the medication. 5. Contact your pharmacist if you have any questions.

1, 3, 4, 5 -Read the label and dispensing directions. -Avoid getting distracted while giving medications. -Learn how to accurately administer the medication. -Contact your pharmacist if you have any questions. P. 68

Which medication would the nurse question prior to administering to a patient for depression? 1. Paxil 2. Celexa 3. Celebrex 4. Trazodone

Celebrex. --Which is an anti-inflammatory drug that is commonly confused with Celexa (an antidepressant). P. 64

When receiving a patient transferred from another unit, which action is useful in preventing medication errors? 1. Completing a medication reconciliation between units. 2. Participating in a verbal report from the transferring nurse. 3. Asking the patient which medications were received upon transfer. 4. Asking the physician to rewrite all medication orders upon transfer.

Completing a medication reconciliation between units. P. 68-69

Which description is the aim of the Speak Up Program? 1. Create awareness for health care providers of effective care management. 2. Provide the funds for treatment of patients who had adverse drug reactions. 3. Create awareness among patients regarding the illness and the care provided. 4. Inform patients about support groups available for patients with mental illness.

Create awareness among patients regarding the illness and the care provided. --Started by the Joint Commission International in 2006. --The program is intended to encourage patients to question the PCP regarding the treatment provided to the patients. P. 64

A patient develops seizures after the nurse administers a medication. After the patient is stabilized, the nurse reads the medication vial and notes that too much medication was administered. Which patient response is the most likely a result of the medication error? 1. Develops a level of distrust with future health care providers. 2. Has regular follow-up visits with PCP. 3. Expresses gratitude toward the nurse for providing effective care 4. Follows the medication regimen prescribed by the health care provider.

Develops a level of distrust with future health care providers. --After a medication error occurs, patients may lose trust in their PCP. P. 62

When preparing to administer scheduled 0900 medications, a patient states, "I already took my blood pressure medicine this morning." Which is the priority action by the nurse? 1. Do not administer the medication. 2. Assess the patient's blood pressure. 3. Inform the patient that the blood pressure medication is only given at 0900. 4. Contact the night shift nurse to determine if the medication was previously given.

Do not administer the medication. --Hold and investigate. P. 67

Which explanation is accurate regarding the higher frequency of medication errors in pediatric patients than in adult patients? 1. Pediatric patients have weaker immune systems. 2. Dose calculations are more difficult in pediatric patients. 3. Pediatric patients have a higher susceptibility to allergic reactions 4. The route of medication administration is frequently confused in pediatric patients.

Dose calculations are more difficult in pediatric patients. --Most common errors for pediatric patients is incorrect dose calculations. They are problematic because of their smaller body size. P. 68

The nurse is preparing two medications for a patient who has peptic ulcer disease and notes that ranitidine (Zantac) is prescribed but alprazolam (Xanax) is in the patient's medication drawer. Which strategy will the nurse incorporate to prevent a medication error? 1. Replace the prescribed medicine if there are any questions 2. Give low doses of the medication during the first administration 3. Double-check prescriptions for drugs that look alike or sound alike. 4. Use an intravenous route of administration if the route is not mentioned.

Double-check prescriptions for drugs that look alike or sound alike. P. 64

Which action assists the nurse in preventing a potential medication error? 1. Allow the patient to take home medications when desired. 2. Ask the patient what disease the medication is treating before administering 3. Administer medications from the patient's personal bottles while in the hospital. 4. Encourage patients to question medications if they are different from the medications they expect.

Encourage patients to question medications if they are different from the medications they expect. --The nurse will listen to patients who express a concern about a medication or question a medication order. P. 69

Insulin is in which category of medications? 1. Low alert 2. High alert 3. Highly toxic 4. Low toxicity

High alert. --Drugs that can cause sever harm, such as death or unconsciousness, to patients when administered in high concentrations. **Low alert: Drugs that cause less harm (mild headache and fever). **Highly toxic: Substances such as poison's that are fatal in the smallest of doses. **Low-toxicity: Substances that are fatal when consumed in high concentrations. P. 63

The nursing student administers 40 units of insulin to a patient and then realizes that the patient should have received 35 units of insulin. Which action is appropriate for the student to take? 1. Administer glucose to the patient 2. Immediately inform the nurse manager 3. Immediately inform the clinical instructor 4. Administer 30 units of insulin in the next dose.

Immediately inform the clinical instructor. P. 66

Which action would the nurse take during patient medication reconciliation? 1. Begin by asking the patient closed-ended questions. 2. Use medical jargon while interacting with the patient. 3. Encourage the patient to remember a few medications 4. Instruct the patient to keep a list of medications in a wallet or purse.

Instruct the patient to keep a list of medications in a wallet or purse. --Medication reconciliation: Reviewing the patient's medications any time the patient is admitted, transferred, or discharged. P. 68-69

The nurse asks a patient to provide a list of all medications that the patient is currently taking, including herbal and over-the-counter drugs. Which term describes the nurse's action? 1. Error reporting 2. Notifying the patient 3. Quality improvement 4. Medication reconciliation

Medication reconciliation. --This knowledge prevents medication errors. P. 69

Which 0800 medication would the nurse question prior to administering to a patient for uncontrolled diabetes? 1. Glipizide 2. Glyburide 3. Metformin 4. Metronidazole

Metronidazole. --This is an antibiotic commonly confused with metformin. --Glipizide, glyburide & metformin are all meds that are prescribed to patients with uncontrolled diabetes. P. 64

Which statement best describes fatal medication errors in the home? 1. A medication error in the home does not need to be reported. 2. Potent drugs are not prescribed for patients outside of the hospital. 3. A serious medication error in the home is called an idiosyncratic reaction. 4. Most fatal medication errors occur when mixing prescription drugs with alcohol and other drugs.

Most fatal medication errors occur when mixing prescription drugs with alcohol and other drugs. **Medication errors in the home do need to be reported and analyzed. **Idiosyncratic reaction: an adverse drug reaction that occurs in the hospital or at home. P. 62

Which is demonstrated when the nurse notices the dosage is incorrect while preparing to administer a patient's medication? 1. Near-miss event 2. Idiosyncratic event 3. High-alert medication 4. Adverse drug reaction

Near-miss event. --Due to almost administering the incorrect dose of patient's medication. P. 62

The nurse administers a medication to the wrong patient. Which nursing action is an appropriate response to this error? 1. Document the medication error. No further action is required. 2. Report the error and document the medication on the patient chart. 3. Notify the health care provider and document the error on an incident report. 4. Assess the patient for an adverse reaction and report if an adverse event occurs.

Notify the health care provider and document the error on an incident report. P. 65-66

A patient who has hypertension is prescribed diltiazem hydrochloride 240 mg every day upon discharge. The nurse notes that the patient has a recently filled prescription for diltiazem hydrochloride 120-mg capsules at home. Which action will the nurse take? 1. Instruct the patient to take two 120-mg capsules of the medication every day. 2. Call the pharmacist to request relabeling the patient's previous prescription. 3. Instruct the patient to discard the medication on hand and refill the new prescription. 4. Notify the provider and discuss a written order for two 120-mg capsules of diltiazem hydrochloride every day.

Notify the provider and discuss a written order for two 120-mg capsules of diltiazem hydrochloride every day. --The nurse shouldn't alter a prescription. P. 67

Which action by the nurse will help a patient who is having difficulty understanding medication instructions because of a language barrier? 1. Obtain a translator to assist with teaching. 2. Instruct the patient to read the black box warnings. 3. Advise the patient to call the health care provider for more information. 4. Demonstrate how to administer the medication and provide written information.

Obtain a translator to assist with teaching. --This helps the patient to effectively understand all teaching regarding precautions and the frequency of drug administration. P. 67

For which reason are specific medications classified as "high-alert" medications? 1. Medications always cause certain adverse effects. 2. Only RNs are allowed to administer these medications. 3. Potential for patient harm is higher with these medications. 4. States require these medications to be on the high-alert list.

Potential for patient harm is higher with these medications. --They are potentially toxic in nature and the need for special care when prescribing, dispensing, and administering them. P. 63

The nurse notes an order by the provider to D/C the medications. To avoid a possible error, which statement should be written on the order instead of the abbreviation? 1. Administer the medications after every meal. 2. Prepare discharge instructions for the patient. 3. Administer the medications three times a day. 4. Discontinue administering the medications to the patient.

Prepare discharge instructions for the patient. --D/C means discharge. P. 65

In which stage of the medication process do most of the preventable adverse events occur? 1. Monitoring stage 2. Prescribing stage 3. Transcribing stage 4. Administering stage

Prescribing stage. --They may be caused due to two reasons: First may be due to the result of having an inadequate patient clinical history or an improper diagnosis of the patient's illness by the PCP. P. 63

In which step of the medication process do the majority of preventable drug events begin? 1. Procuring 2. Dispensing 3. Prescribing 4. Transcribing

Prescribing. --Steps of the medication process: Procuring, prescribing, transcribing, dispensing, administering, and monitoring. P. 63

Which statement is appropriate regarding medical errors? 1. Can be reported only by a nurse. 2. Must not be discussed with the patient. 3. Are reported only while caring for an older adult. 4. Should be reported immediately to prevent the errors from occurring again.

Should be reported immediately to prevent the errors from occurring again. --To help identify trends and so processes can be changed to prevent future errors. P. 66

The nurse working at a health care center notes that the center does not have barcode-scanning tech, unlike other multispecialty hospitals. Which characteristic of the facility is most likely the reason for this lack of technology? 1. The infrastructure to implement this barcode-scanning technology is lacking. 2. The pharmacy is not equipped to handle the barcode-scanning tech. 3. The finances required to implement barcode-scanning tech are unavailable. 4. The health care professionals do not know how to use barcode-scanning tech.

The finances required to implement barcode-scanning tech are unavailable. P. 63-64

Which statement about planning interventions aimed at reducing medication errors is accurate? 1. Disciplinary action is necessary to increase the nurse's vigilance in preventing medication errors. 2. The use of trailing zeros (i.e., 1.0 mg) and omission of leading zeros (i.e., .25) reduced transcription errors. 3. The majority of medication errors result from weaknesses within the system rather than from individual shortcomings. 4. Only 10% of all preventable adverse drug reactions (ADRs) begin at the medication ordering (prescribing) stage.

The majority of medication errors result from weaknesses within the system rather than from individual shortcomings. P. 61

Which member of the health care team would the nurse consult about a patient's drug therapy? 1. The pharmacist 2. A nurse colleague 3. The nurse manager 4. The patient's guardians

The pharmacist. P. 65

A nursing student reviews the prescription for a patient who has depression and who was prescribed a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) and cyclobenzaprine. The nursing student knows that cyclobenzaprine is contraindicated with SSRIs. Which is the most appropriate action taken next by the student nurse? 1. The student nurse consults the faculty. 2. The student nurse refers to a drug handbook. 3. The student nurse discusses the matter with a peer. 4. The student nurse discusses the matter with the staff nurse.

The student nurse refers to a drug handbook. --The student nurse would have complete information about safe dosage ranges, dosage forms, contraindications, and so on. P. 67

Which organization announced new regulations requiring bar codes for all prescription and over-the-counter medications? 1. Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) 2. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) 3. US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) 4. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS)

US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) --This passed in 2004. P. 63

During which step of medication reconciliation would the nurse ask a patient about prescription medication taken prior to the hospitalization? 1. Transition 2. Verification 3. Clarification 4. Reconciliation

Verification. --First step in medication reconciliation. **Clarification: The professional review of a patient's medication. **Reconciliation: The investigation into an discrepancies or changes in medication orders. P. 69

The nurse implements which intervention to ensure correct administration of home medications for a 70-year-old patient? 1. Checks the patient's weight after giving parenteral medication. 2. Uses a dose-calculation formula and makes dose adjustments. 3. Places all the medications prescribed for the patient at the bedside. 4. Verifies the medication prescriptions and enters them into the electronic medical record.

Verifies the medication prescriptions and enters them into the electronic medical record (EMR). --Update all medication changes and updates in the patients EMR for future doses and to avoid any confusion. P. 69

The nurse is caring for an older adult. The patient tells the nurse, "I cannot take this medication because this tablet is a different color from the tablets at home." Which action is most appropriate? 1. Verify the patient's prescription. 2. Suggest that the patient take the medication. 3. Inform the patient that a new medication is prescribed. 4. Notify the health care provider to change the medication.

Verify the patient's prescription. --The colors may be different due to pharmacies using different medication manufacturers. P. 69

Which phrases are common types of medical errors that occur in hospitals? Select all that apply. 1. Misdiagnosing patients 2. Misidentifying patients 3. Lack of patient monitoring 4. Giving generic medicines 5. Using a translator for educating patients

1, 2, 3 -Misdiagnosing patients -Misidentifying patients -Lack of patient monitoring --Common types of medical errors that occur in hospitals. P. 63

Which action would the nurse take after seeing a prescription for a medication to be given QD? Select all that apply. 1. Contact the prescriber about rewriting the script in full. 2. Instruct the patient to take the medication every other day. 3. Instruct the patient to take the medication four times a day. 4. Confirm the abbreviation with the prescriber before taking further action.

1 & 4 -Contact the prescriber about rewriting the script in full. -Confirm the abbreviation with the prescriber before taking further action. --According to the National Council for Medication Error Reporting and Prevention, the abbreviation should be written out fully. --QD = Once a day. P. 65

Which measures taken by the health care professional help to prevent medication errors and give safe and effective treatment to patients? Select all that apply. 1. Use generic names for prescribing the medications. 2. Follow the traditional techniques of drug administration. 3. Use medical shorthand and acronyms while documenting. 4. Use new equipment for diagnosing and treating the patient. 5. Encourage the patients to place telephone prescriptions for medications.

1 & 4 -Use generic names for prescribing the medications (due to sound-alike trade names). -Use new equipment for diagnosing and treating the patient (helps to appropriately determine the patient's illness). P. 67

Which response by a nurse indicates effective learning about medication error reporting? 1. "The nurse enters the medication errors found only for inpatients." 2. "All hospital pharmacies must have an adverse drug event monitoring program." 3. "Only severe medication errors must be entered in the US Pharmacopeia database." 4. "MedWatch is a program that provides funds to treat medication errors in the patients."

"All hospital pharmacies must have an adverse drug event monitoring program." --This helps to prescribe medications safely with reduced side effects. P. 66

Which is the most appropriate question for the nurse to ask a newly admitted patient when verifying medications taken at home? 1. "Do you take any medication for high blood pressure?" 2. "What medications did you take with your last hospitalization?" 3. "Can you tell me which prescribed medications you are taking?" 4. "Can you have someone bring in all of your medications from home?"

"Can you have someone bring in all of your medications from home?" P. 69

Which statements by a patient indicate the need for further teaching about measures to prevent health care errors? Select all that apply. 1. "I should leave decisions regarding treatment to my advocate." 2. "I should talk to a health care professional if I have a question." 3. "I should ensure that a health care provider orders my medications." 4. "I should ask the nurse about the use of medications that have been prescribed." 5. "I should ask the nurse to be my advocate even though I have my family members."

1 & 5 -"I should leave decisions regarding treatment to my advocate." -"I should ask the nurse to be my advocate even though I have my family members." P. 64

The nurse instructs a nursing student to administer 40 mg of furosemide to a patient. The nurse learns that the student nurse has administered an 80-mg tablet of furosemide. Which immediate response by the nurse is appropriate? 1. "I need to complete an incident report on the error you made." 2. "As the patient had a very minor side effect, I will not report it." 3. "I consider this to be your first mistake, and I excuse you this time." 4. "It is the nurse's responsibility to be cautious while caring for the patient."

"I need to complete an incident report on the error you made." --Immediately prepare a document regarding the medication error and submit it to the nurse manager. P. 65-66

Which statement by the graduate nurse needs corrected when documenting an incident report for a near-miss medication occurrence? 1. "I will document the name of the medication." 2. "The dose of the medication almost given will be documented." 3. "I will make a copy of the incident report to keep as a reference." 4. "The incident report will help prevent potential errors in the future."

"I will make a copy of the incident report to keep as a reference." P. 67

The process of assessing the medications that a newly admitted patient was taking at home involves which three steps? Select all that apply. 1. Reporting 2. Verification 3. Clarification 4. Reconciliation 5. Administration

2, 3, 4 -Verification -Clarification -Reconciliation P. 68

Which statements by the student nurse indicate effective learning about the measures taken to prevent medication errors? Select all that apply. 1. "I can give medicines prepared by other nurses." 2. "I should not assume anything about the medication." 3. "I should ask the patient about a history of drug allergies." 4. "I should not record the patient's weight each time a medication is ordered." 5. "I should check the expiration date of the medication before administration."

2, 3, 5 -"I should not assume anything about the medication." -"I should ask the patient about a history of drug allergies." -"I should check the expiration date of the medication before administration." P. 67

Which method would the nurse employ to ensure that vaccines are administered correctly? Select all that apply. 1. Check for one patient identifier 2. Check the dilution requirements 3. Administer freshly prepared vaccines 4. Administer the vaccine by the oral route 5. Check the generic name of the medication

2, 3, 5 -Check the dilution requirements -Administer freshly prepared vaccines -Check the generic name of the medication P. 68

Which measures are taken by hospital administration to prevent medication errors? Select all that apply. 1. Advising providers to limit detailed info when writing short prescriptions. 2. Not allowing student interns to check patient prescriptions 3. Incorporating electronic prescriptions while discouraging the use of handwritten prescriptions. 4. Making current drug literature accessible to all PCPs. 5. Ensuring that multiple systems of checks and balances are used by nurses and pharmacists.

3, 4, 5 -Incorporating electronic prescriptions while discouraging the use of handwritten prescriptions. -Making current drug literature accessible to all PCPs. -Ensuring that multiple systems of checks and balances are used by nurses and pharmacists. P. 64

How many times will the nurse verify a prescription order before administering a medication to the patient? Record in whole numbers.

3. P. 65

The nurse is caring for a patient who is diagnosed with borderline personality disorder. The primary health care provider orders 5 mg of diazepam to treat anxiety in the patient. Which transcription of this prescription is correct? 1. 5 mg of diazepam 2. 005 g of diazepam 3. 5.0 mg of diazepam 4. 1mgx5 of diazepam

5 mg of diazepam. P. 67

The nurse inadvertently administers a high dose of morphine to a patient who has had a myocardial infarction, and the patient develops respiratory arrest. Once the patient is resuscitated, which action would the nurse take next? 1. Report the error to the nurse manager. 2. Leave the patient alone for some time. 3. Inform the patient's family about the error. 4. Document the error in the patient's medical record.

Report the error to the nurse manager. P. 66

The nurse is caring for a patient who has undergone surgery and is on morphine. The nurse goes out for a break and asks the other nurse to stay with the patient. Which action would the other nurse take if it is time to administer medications? 1. Wait for the first nurse to return. 2. Contact the PCP. 3. Administer the drug already prepared by the first nurse. 4. Review the patient's medical records and administer the drug.

Review the patient's medical records and administer the drug. --Medications need to be given on time, the nurse would check the patient's MHR and prepare the medication administration. P. 67

Which principle will the nurse follow to prevent medication errors while administering medication to patients? 1. The Four Rights 2. The rule of five 3. The rule of six 4. The Nine Rights

The Nine Rights. --Right patient, right drug, right time, right route, right dose, right documentation, right action, right form, and right response. P. 65