Pharmacology Ch. 8 Review

A retention enema must be retained for approximately ___ mins for absorption of medication.

30 mins

You should flush the nasogastric tube with ___-___ mL of water after instilling medication.

60-100 mL

If a tablet cannot be swallowed then it can be ___ and mixed with ___.

Crushed, applesauce

If the patient is allergic to penicillin then you should watch closely for ___ ___.

Drug reactions

When a patient is receiving several medications, the nurse should give the MOST important medication ___.

First

You should allow medication to flow by ___ into a nasogastric tube.

Gravity

When pouring liquid medicine: The bottle should be help ___________. The medicine cup should be held _________. The bottle cap should be placed ___________. If medication is in suspension, the bottle should first be ________.

Label side up, at eye level, upside down on table, shaken

When inserting a suppository, it is best to have the patient positioned on the ___ side with the upper knee bent.

Left

If NPO for labratory tests, ___ schedule and give medicine ___.

Modify, later

When a patient is unable to swallow for prolonged periods of time, medications are frequently administered by ___ ___.

Nasogastric tube

If Dilantin is ordered PO, but the patient is NPO for surgery what should you do?

Notify the person in charge

If patient vomits 15 mins after administering meds you should

Notify the person in charge

Sustained-release capsules usually cannot be ____.

Opened

If a tablet must be divided a ___-___ should be used.

Pill-cutter

Gastrointestinal contents and motility affect the ___ of medication absorption.

Rate

The rectal medication may be in ___ form or liquid form.

Suppository

Elevate patient's head to facilitate ___.

Swallowing

A client is receiving food and medication via a nasogastric tube. What is one way to check to see if the tube is in place? a. Aspirate with a bulb syringe for stomach contents prior to instilling the medication. b. Instill the medicine after the food has been absorbed. c. Attach the tube to suction after instilling the medicine. d. Instill the medicine two hours after the feeding.

a. Aspirate with a bulb syringe for stomach contents prior to instilling the medication.

A client is being treated in the emergency department for a fall and facial laceration requiring operative repair. What is the BEST method to administer medication for this client? a. Intravenous or intramuscular b. Oral solution for easy swallowing c. Soft gel capsule d. Tablet

a. Intravenous or intramuscular

A client is refusing to take a medication. What is the BEST course of action? a. Notify the physician, and document the incident in the client's record. b. Call the physician and let him know. c. Insist that the client take the medicine as it is prescribed. d. Tell the client he can take it later.

a. Notify the physician, and document the incident in the client's record.

Which of the following is a disadvantage of the oral route of administration? a. Slower onset of absorption and action b. More expensive than other routes c. Inconvenience for the client d. Less safe in cases of overdose

a. Slower onset of absorption and action

What is the safest method to measure out a liquid medication? a. Measure into a calibrated medicine cup, and give it to the client. b. Measure into a calibrated medicine cup, and view it at eye level. c. Measure into a calibrated medicine cup. d. Pour it slowly into a cup or spoon.

b. Measure into a calibrated medicine cup, and view it at eye level.

A client questions the health care practitioner about using a rectal suppository for his condition. The health care practitioner describes the advantages of the rectal route. Which of the following is a disadvantage of this route of administration? a. Possibility of upper GI tract irritation b. More difficult to administer than the oral route c. Cannot be used for clients with dysphagia d. Cannot bypass the action of the digestive enzymes

b. More difficult to administer than the oral route

What is the MOST common method to administer medicine? a. Topically b. Oral c. Rectal d. Parenteral

b. Oral

A client with status post-CVA from two years ago is admitted to the hospital from a nursing home with a urinary tract infection. The client has a PEG tube for her feedings and does not have IV access. What is the BEST method to administer medications to this client? a. Nasogastric route b. PEG tube c. Rectal route d. Oral route

b. PEG tube

An adolescent client is being treated for an eating disorder in a unit for girls with this type of disorder. The client questions the health care practitioner regarding her abusive habit of using rectal suppositories to go to the bathroom after she eats anything. How does the health care practitioner respond to the client? a. Rectal suppositories are safe to take once daily. b. Prolonged use of rectal suppositories can lead to rectal irritation and poor absorption. c. Many people use rectal suppositories, so this is not a concern in itself. d. Rectal suppositories are available over-the-counter, so the health care practitioner should not interfere.

b. Prolonged use of rectal suppositories can lead to rectal irritation and poor absorption.

A young man is brought in by an ambulance to the local emergency department. He is unresponsive, and the cause is unknown. What important information is important to understand with regard to administering medications to this client? a. The client should not be given medicine intravenously. b. The client is unable to take any oral medication. c. The client is unable to take any medicine, because no one knows his allergic status. d. The medication should be administered as slowly as possible.

b. The client is unable to take any oral medication.

A 45-year-old client is scheduled for an operative procedure in the morning and asks if he can take his morning pills. Which response should be given to the client? a. Take the medication after breakfast. b. This is dependent on your procedure and the physician, who may order the medication to be given by another route. c. No problem. Take whatever medication you usually do in the morning. d. Do not take any medication before the procedure.

b. This is dependent on your procedure and the physician, who may order the medication to be given by another route.

In administering a sustained-release capsule to a client, the family member requests that it should be crushed into applesauce. What is the BEST response? a. The medication can be dissolved in water. b. Time-released medicine cannot be crushed into applesauce. c. We cannot crush any medicine into applesauce. d. It is fine to crush the medication into applesauce.

b. Time-released medicine cannot be crushed into applesauce.

If a medication has the effect of raising or lowering blood pressure, what is the BEST course of action? a. Administer the medication, and then take a blood pressure reading. b. Administer the medication as ordered. c. Take a blood pressure reading prior to administering the medication. d. Withhold the medication.

c. Take a blood pressure reading prior to administering the medication.

A nurse is preparing to dispense medication at the bedside of her client. What should she keep in mind? a. Leave the medication at the bedside if the client is not in the room. b. Hand the medication to another nurse or a visitor if the client is in the bathroom. c. The first step should be to give the medication to the client. d. Open up the unit-dose package at the bedside in front of the client, and place it in his or her hand.

d. Open up the unit-dose package at the bedside in front of the client, and place it in his or her hand.

Describe the process of using an oral syringe? a. Place the syringe tip under the tongue. b. Place the syringe tip over the tongue. c. Squirt the medication into his mouth when the client is not looking. d. Place the syringe tip in the pocket between the cheek and the gum area.

d. Place the syringe tip in the pocket between the cheek and the gum area.