Pharmacology Exam 2

naloxone effectively reverses a client's respiratory depression from an overdose of heroin. Why will the nurse continue to closely monitor this client's status? -the medication may cause peripheral neuropathy -naloxone and heroin can cause cardiac depression when combined -symptoms of heroin overdose may return after the naloxone is metabolized -hyperexcitability and amnesia may cause the client to thrash about and become injured

-symptoms of heroin overdose may return after the naloxone is metabolized

the protein-binding capacity of a drug in infants is low. The nurse understands which is an implication of this physiological process. -the free levels of a medication will increase -the free levels of a medication will decrease -the free levels of a medication will remain constant -the free levels of a medication will disappear once administered

-the free levels of a medication will increase

which instruction would the nurse provide to a client who has anxiety and depression and is prescribed venlafaxine ER tablets? (all that apply) -do not crush the tablets -report any suicidal thoughts -the medication takes 3-4 weeks to work -do not suddenly stop taking the medication -taper your dose up to the required dose

all of them

a client is treated with lorazepam for status epilepticus. Which effect of lorazepam is the reason it is given? -decreases anxiety associated with seizures -promotes rest after a seizure episode -depresses the central nervous system -provides amnesia for the convulsive episode

depresses the central nervous system

the nurse is teaching an older client about proper medication use. Which statement made by the client indicates the need for further education? -I will ask the pharmacy to give generic medication -I will use over-the-counter medicines along with prescribed medications -I will continue my treatment by consulting a single health care provider -I will know the names and times of administration of the medications I am taking

-I will use over-the-counter medicines along with prescribed medications

which medication is safest to take for pain in the week before a surgical procedure? -naproxen -aspirin -ketorolac -acetaminophen

-acetaminophen

for a client with difficulty swallowing, the nurse will crush which medication? -metoprolol extended release -felodipine sustained release -acetaminophen extra strength -potassium chloride extended release

-acetaminophen extra strength

a client takes acetaminophen routinely. The nurse will advise the client to avoid which substance? -alcohol -caffeine -diphenhydramine -ibuprofen

-alcohol

aspirin is prescribed to a client with RA. Which clinical indicators of aspirin toxicity will the nurse teach the client to report? (all that apply) -bradycardia -joint pain -blood of the stool -ringing in the ears -increased urine output

-blood of the stool -ringing in the ears

an adolescent with major depressive disorder is prescribed venlafaxine. Which signs or symptoms related to the medication will the nurse communicate immediately to the prescribing physician (all that apply) -blurred vision -suicidal ideation -difficult urination -tardive dyskinesia -transient hypoglycemia

-blurred vision -suicidal ideation -difficult urination

two weeks after starting phenobarbital sodium, the client develops new symptoms. Which symptoms is likely caused from the medication. -cognitive impairment -frequent urination -abdominal pain -mania

-cognitive impairment

a client with osteoarthritis reports experiencing painful back spasms. Which medication would the nurse administer? -tramadol -hyaluronate -diclofenac epolamine patch -cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride

-cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride

the nurse suspects serotonin syndrome in a client prescribed second generation antidepressants for depression. Which assessment findings observed by the nurse would be beneficial in rating the severity of the syndrome? (all that apply) -delirium -hyperreflexia -hyperthermia -muscle spasms -rhabdomyolysis

-hyperthermia -rhabdomyolysis

the nurse is caring for an adolescent admitted to the hospital after taking an acetaminophen overdose. Which result is most important for the nurse to monitor at this time? -blood gas levels -liver function tests -complete blood count -glycosylated hemoglobin

-liver function tests

a client takes an antipsychotic medication. When assessing the client for signs and symptoms of pseudo parkinsonism, the nurse will be alert for which complication? -drooling -blurred vision -muscle tremors -photosensitivity

-muscle tremors

diaphoresis, severe muscle rigidity, decreasing level of consciousness, metabolic acidosis, increased creatinine phosphokinase are signs of... -oculogyric crisis -serotonin syndrome -haloperidol toxicity -neuroleptic malignant syndrome

-neuroleptic malignant syndrome

the nurse teaches dietary guidelines to a patient who will be receiving tranylcyclopromine sulfate, a monoamide oxidase inhibitor. The client compiles a list of foods to avoid. Which foods included on the list indicate that the teaching has been effective? (all that apply) -French fries -pepperoni pizza -bologna sandwich -hamburger on a bun -hash brown potatoes

-pepperoni pizza -bologna sandwich

the nurse is caring for a client who is receiving aspirin therapy. Which clinical indicator would be related to this therapy? -urinary calculi -atrophy of the liver -prolonged bleeding time -premature erythrocyte destruction

-prolonged bleeding time

which interventions should be included in the plan of care for a client with bipolar 1 disorder? (all that apply) -touch the client to provide reassurance -provide a structured environment for the client -ensure that the client's nutritional needs are met -engage the client in conversation about current affairs -design activities that require the client to maintain short-term memory

-provide a structured environment for the client -ensure that the client's nutritional needs are met

which assessment will assist the nurse in determining whether a client is experiencing adverse effects of risperidone? -monitor for episodes of diarrhea -test sensation of lower extremities -question if dizziness is experienced -auscultate breath sounds to detect wheezing

-question if dizziness is experienced

methylphenidate has been prescribed with meals for a child with ADHD. Which rationale would the nurse provide for the parents about the timing of the medication administration? -ritalin depresses the appetite -this will ensure proper absorption -it is an oral mucous membrane irritant -children tend to forget to take it before meals

-ritalin depresses the appetite

a healthcare provider prescribes lithium carbonate for a client with bipolar disorder, depressive episode. Which instructions will the nurse include when teaching the client about lithium? (all that apply) -take the medication with food -adjust the dosage if your mood improves -have a snack with milk before going to bed -it may take several weeks for beneficial results to occur -restriction of sodium intake is unnecessary

-take the medication with food -it may take several weeks for the beneficial results to occur -restriction of sodium intake is unnecessary

fluoxetine is prescribed for a client with depression. Which precaution would the nurse consider when initiating treatment with this medication? -it must be given with milk and crackers to prevent hyperacidity and discomfort -eating cheese or pickled herring or drinking wine may cause a hypertensive crisis -the blood level may not be sufficient to cause noticeable improvement for 2-4 weeks -the blood level should be checked for 3 months to ensure it is appropriate

-the blood level may not be sufficient to cause noticeable improvement for 2-4 weeks

which would the nurse include when teaching a client with Parkinsonian disease about carbidopa-levodopa? -multivitamins should be taken daily -a high-protein diet should be followed -the medication should be taken with meals -alcohol consumption should be in moderation

-the medication should be taken with meals

which reason explains why so many psychiatric clients are given benztropine or trihexyphenidyl in conjunction with phenothiazine-derivative neuroleptic medications -they reduce postural hypotension -they potentiate the effects of the neuroleptic medication -they combat the extrapyramidal side effects of the neuroleptic medication -they ameliorate the depression that may accompany schizophrenia

-they combat the extrapyramidal side effects of the neuroleptic medication

a client is receiving morphine is being monitored by the nurse for adverse effects of the medication. Which clinical findings warrant immediate follow up by the nurse? (all that apply) -polyuria -unconsciousness -bradycardia -dilated pupils -bradypnea

-unconsciousness -bradycardia -bradypnea

which pharmacokinetic condition would result in a high intensity and long duration of response? -when both absorption and elimination are rapid -when both absorption and elimination are delayed -when absorption is rapid but elimination is delayed -when absorption is delayed but elimination is rapid

-when absorption is rapid but elimination is delayed

a client with depression was prescribed fluoxetine and reports restlessness, confusion, an elevated body temp, and poor concentration. Which intervention would the nurse anticipate preparing for in the treatment of these signs and symptoms? -withdrawing the medication -administering isocarboxaid -reducing the dose of the medication -informing the client that these are expected side effects

-withdrawing the medication

an older adult living in a long-term care facility has been receiving 600 mg of lithium twice a day for 3 weeks to decrease manic behavior. The client is experiencing nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, thirst, polyuria, slurred speech, and muscle weakness. Which intervention is appropriate? -withholding the next dose of lithium and drawing a blood level -obtaining a prescription for the antidote to lithium and administering it immediately -suggesting that the healthcare provider replace the lithium for an antiepileptic that will control the mania -assessing the client for a course hand tremor and if it is present giving the daily dose of lithium with a bit of water

-withholding the next dose of lithium and drawing a blood level

a client with urinary incontinence is prescribed amitriptyline. Which specific instruction would the nurse provide to the client? -you should avoid dehydration -you should monitor your urine output -you should rise slowly when getting up from a sitting or lying position -you should periodically check your BP when starting the medication

-you should rise slowly when getting up from a sitting or lying position