Pharmacology Final Question pt2

A patient has just been diagnosed with HIV. While assessing the patient, the nurse is aware that many patients with HIV utilize various alternative or complementary therapies. How does the nurse address complementary or alternative therapy?

"We see many patients with HIV who are using some type of alternative therapy and there are benefits and risks. Are there any types of alternative or complementary therapies that you follow or are there any herbs that you take? Are you still taking your antivirals as scheduled?"

A patient who has just been told that they need to go on dialysis asks the nurse what the normal output of urine is per day. What would be the nurse's best response?

2,000 mL

A patient receives furosemide intravenously at 9 AM. The nurse would expect to assess peak effects of the drug at which time?

9:30 AM

The students are discussing the electrolytes in the body. What should the students know has the greatest influence on potassium loss from the body?

Aldosterone

A group of students are reviewing the various classes of diuretics. The students demonstrated understanding of the information when they identify what as a loop diuretic?

Furosemide

A nurse is talking with a group of nursing students. What drug, when combined with furosemide (Lasix), is likely to cause hearing loss?

Gentamicin (Garamycin)

The nurse is caring for a 62-year-old who has orders to receive gentamicin (Garamycin). The client reports difficulty hearing. What should the nurse do?

Hold the dose and notify the physician immediately.

Upon her visit to the primary care physician's office, a female patient presents with 14 pounds of additional weight since her visit 3 weeks ago. Her lower extremities are quite swollen, and her facial features are puffy. The physician prescribes a diuretic and requests a follow-up visit in 3 days. Two days later, the patient contacts the office and is so dyspneic that she is hard to understand over the phone. An ambulance is dispatched, and she is admitted to the hospital for rapid diuresing. Which diuretic will most likely be the initial drug of choice?

Loop diuretic

The nurse is caring for a patient with a severe head injury. An osmotic diuretic is ordered. Which drug is an osmotic diuretic?

Mannitol (Osmitrol)

A patient has just been diagnosed with acute renal failure. The patient asks for information about the kidneys' functional unit. What would the nurse reply?

Nephron

What would a nurse expect to be prescribed for a patient experiencing bladder spasms?

Oxbutynin

The nurse is caring for a patient in the Emergency Department (ED) who is in pulmonary edema. The patient is treated with furosemide (Lasix). What should the nurse monitor?

Potassium levels

An older adult who has been taking a macrolide antibiotic has developed auditory nerve damage. What instructions should the nurse provide for the family regarding home care?

Provide protective measures to prevent falling or injury.

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving IV aminoglycosides for an intractable infection in one leg. What would it be important for the nurse to monitor for?

Renal dysfunction

The pathophysiology instructor is talking to the pre-nursing students about hypovolemia and the kidneys. The instructor points out that when the blood pressure is low due to dehydration, the body will compensate by secreting:

Renin

A 36-year-old male client undergoes dialysis three times weekly while waiting for a renal transplant. A diuretic has been added to his current medications to combat developing edema. Why would potassium-sparing diuretics be contraindicated?

They may cause hyperkalemia.

Your 92-year-old patient is being seen for follow-up after her latest hospital discharge in her 15-year history of HF. To decrease her cardiac workload, what type of diuretic has she most likely been using in the management of her long-term HF?

Thiazide

The nurse is giving discharge instructions to a woman who will be taking amoxicillin for treatment of acute otitis media. The nurse teaches the client that which symptom indicates the development of a superinfection and should be reported to the physician?

Vaginal itching and discharge

Aminogylcoside antibiotics tend to collect in the eighth cranial nerve. The nurse would anticipate that which clinical manifestation may occur from the cranial nerve involvement?

Vertigo

The nursing instructor is talking about anemia. The instructor explains that when a person has chronic renal failure, it leads to a decrease in the production of red blood cells, and the person becomes anemic. This anemia is usually caused by a loss of:

erythropoietin

A client is receiving aminoglycoside therapy. The nurse would be alert for:

kidney dysfunction

A client is receiving aminoglycosides for a severe infection. The client reports an increasing ringing in the ears. The nurse realizes this is indicative of:

ototoxicity

A client is receiving sulfonamide therapy as a treatment for an infection. The nurse understands that this drug acts by:

preventing the organism's cells from dividing.

The students are studying the male reproductive system. The instructor tells the students that in the male, the urethra leaves the urinary bladder and passes through the:

prostate gland

The nursing instructor is talking with the students about the renal system. The instructor should tell the students how it helps to maintain calcium levels in the body by regulating the activation of:

vitamin D