PHIL 216: Business Ethics Quizzes

JD argues that economic growth itself is not always a good thing. Why?

Because market efficiency does not always result in an ethically worthy outcome

Why is case law even more problematic than statutory law when it comes to providing ethical guidance?

Case law is silent until someone brings the issue to court

Pfeiffer and Forsberg suggest that two main kinds of reasons can be offered as evidence to justify an ethical decision. What are they?

Consequences and ethical principles/rights

In what step of the RESOLVEDD strategy does one clarify the ethical aspects of a situation by recognizing the main ethical principles or rights that conflict?

Ethical conflict

From Peter Singer's perspective, which of the following is an ultimate question?

Ethically speaking, am I living the kind of life I should be?

With which step in the RESOLVEDD strategy does one begin to make judgements about which solution is the most justifiable?

Evaluation

Distributive justice includes the equal chance of all people to receive a fair hearing in any dispute

False

JD claims that what we want as consumers and what makes us happy are identical

False

JD says that everything that is legal is ethically right, and everything that is morally right is legal

False

JD thinks it is true that each persons is entitled to their own opinion, and no one's opinion is any better than another's

False

The evaluation step of the RESOLVEDD strategy is simply a summary of each step a person has completed

False

Pfeiffer and Forsberg discuss five characteristics that most professions possess. Which of the following is not one of them?

Generally, upholding fidelity among professionals SHOULD be more important than harming a client

For many deontologists, what is it about humans that warrants treating them morally special?

Humans are autonomous

Which of the following best captures the ECI principle?

Make decisions and act in ways that treat the well-being and interests of others as no less important than your own

Mark Schwartz talks about five arguments that support Milton Friedman's conclusion. Which argument does Schwartz think is the most compelling?

Managers are agents of the shareholders

According to Pfeiffer and Forsberg, why should we avoid moral arithmetic?

Moral principles violated and upheld are not always of equal importance

Suppose Peter believes in an afterlife. When asked why, he says that the prospect of nothingness after death is so frightening that, for the sake of his own peace of mind, he just has to believe there is something else. What kind of reason is Peter using?

Practical

JD responds to ethical relativism by "driving up the costs" of being a relativist. What does that mean?

Relativism may force one to abandon some familiar and commonplace assumptions about fairness and other values

What might be the best example of a high qualitative pleasure for John Stuart Mill?

Singing

Which view or principle maintains that each person, time, and place, and any new factor in the case may need its own ethical principles?

Situation Ethics

According to Pfeiffer and Forsberg, if someone accepts and believes in an ethical principle (or value), then which of the following statements is true?

The principle should be important enough to sometimes override one's personal preferences

When we consider changing a tradition in our society, according to the principle of conservatism, who has the burden of proof?

Those who want the change

Some people may disagree with your decision. Do not treat their opinion negatively. Rather, their disagreement may suggest ways to strengthen your position

True

Robert Solomon suggests that the main reason people make ethical errors on the job is because...

an employee is too narrowly focused on "thinking business" without regard for the larger context

JD says that an ethical theory is an attempt to answer the question, "How should we live?" But, more importantly, an ethical theory tries to...

be reasoned

Distributive justice refers to distribution of ______ in a society

benefits and burdens

One of Robert Solomon's rules for ethical thinking in business says check the law...

but don't stop there

Friedman says that one of the virtues of capitalism (or private competitive enterprise) is that is allows people to do good...

but only at their own expense

DesJardins says that philosophical ethics distinguishes what people ______ from what people ______

do value/should value

The process of ethical analysis does NOT involve...

dogmatism

Peter Singer's idea of a restricted choice is similar to JD's idea of...

ethos

Because a version of preference utilitarianism can be identified with ______, utilitarianism has had an enormous impact on business and business ethics

free market economics

An ______ may be thought of as defining a moral maximum, while a ______ defines a moral minimum

ideal/rule

JD says one way to understand rights is to think of them as protecting important...

interests

In addition to making value judgements, one must also evaluate by indicating your opinion of the ______ of the outcomes and impacts listed in steps 4 and 5 of the RESOLVEDD strategy

likelihood

For virtue ethics, a primary question to consider with any job is: How will working for this organization affect...

my character?

One common way to understand the relation between rights and duties is that they are correlative. That means that ______ establish ______ and vice versa

my rights/your duties

Virtue ethics not only involves a different conception of ethics, but also a different view of...

ourselves

To argue that when managers pursue social objectives other than maximizing profit, they are spending someone else's money for their own purposes is to appeal to...

property rights

Like many disciplines, ethics is a ______ subject

qualitative

A serious violation of someone's right to privacy can damage a person's...

sense of personal identity

There are two ways to criticize an argument. One is two show that one or more of the premises are false and the other is to...

show that the conclusion does not follow from the truth of the premises

JD says that a utilitarian defense of the economic model can be challenged in at least two ways. One way involves critically looking at how adequate the model is in meeting its ends. The other way involves critically looking at...

the ends themselves

How, exactly, should a manager go about balancing the diverse and competing claims of all affected parties? JD says that because ______ has difficulty answering that question, it offers little by the way of practical advice to managers

the stakeholder model

Friedman says that the political principle that underlies the market mechanism is ______ and the political principle that underlies the political mechanism is ______

unanimity/conformity

JD suggests that we might think of the various models for corporate social responsibility as attempts to balance...

utilitarian and principle-based ethics

The "market" version and the "expert" version are two important variations of...

utilitarianism

JD says one difficulty principle-based theories face is figuring out what rights people have. Part of that challenge is to avoid the extremes of ______ and ______

utilitarianism/self-centered individualism

JD quotes Theodore Levitt who says the idea that the only purpose of business is to make money is...

vacuous and repugnant

A sound argument is one in which all of the premises are true and the argument is...

valid