Physical Geography quiz 1 on 08/28

Ptolemy

divided the circle into 360 degrees w/ each degree having 60 minutes and each minute

Small Circle

don't pass through center of Earth

Written Scale

e.g. one inch equals 50 miles

Representational Fraction

expressed w/ colon or slash

Map

generalized view of area (2D)

Graphic Scale

(bar scale) bar graph w/ units to allow measurement of distances on a map

Prime Meridian

0 degrees

4 Classes of Projection

1) cylindrical 2) planar 3) conic 4) oval

3 Types of Absolute Scale

1) representation fraction 2) a graphic scale 3) written scale

2 Types Relative Scale

1) small (less details) 2) large (more details)

International Dateline

180 degrees

Time Zones

24 that are 15 degrees across

One Degree =

60' minutes

1' =

60'' seconds

Distance between parallel lines

69.17 miles

Day ahead?

West

Parallel

a line connecting all points along the same latitudinal angle

Latitude

angular distance north or south of equator, measured from center of earth

Longitude

angular measurement of distance east or west of Prime Meridian

Great Circle

any circle of Earth's circumference who's center coincides w/ center of Earth (only equator)

Mercator Projection

commonly used cylindrical projection which is conformal, but shows landmasses greatly distorted in polar regions

Meridian

imaginary lines that connect equal points of longitude (always cuts globe in two halves)

Degree of lat

lower near equator, higher near poles

Globe

only thing currently portrays Earth 3D

Scale

ratio of image on a map to real world

Geography

relationship w/ natural systems, geographic areas, human society & culture, or interdependence

Cartography

science & art of mapmaking, blending geography, engineering, math, computer, science, & art

Physical Geography

spatial analysis of all physical elements, processes, and systems

Spatial Analysis

study of geographic phenomenal as the arrangement of points, lines, areas or surfaces on a map (study of space around us using scientific method)

Map Projection

the reduction of the spherical Earth to a flat surface