Physical Geography- Test 4

Name 3 types of dry lakebed, which has a heavy clay mixture and which one has a heavy salt content?

1. Playas 2. Salinas- Heavy salt 3. Claypan- Heavy clay

Sharp Angles in geography come from_____ and smooth angles come from _______?

Dry Climate and Wet Climates

ergs are ------

Seas of sand. sand dunes, originated in a more humid climate, wind created formation sahara and arabian deserts

what is the erg in desert in california called?

algodones

Name an exotic river/stream in Africa and 3 in the United States.

1. Africa- Nile River 2. US- Rio Grande 3. US- Mississippi 4. US- Colorado

Name the four most common dunes

1. Barchan 2. Transverse 3. Sief 4. Star

There are 3 characteristics of deserts, what are they? Briefly explain them, tell me which one is covered in sand, rock and/or exposed bedrock.

1. Ergs- "Sea of sand"- sand, contain sand dunes 2. Regs- stone covered deserts- no sand- aeolian 3. Hamada- barren bedrock, larger material than a reg, exposed bedrock/ sedimentary rock

List the 3 Erg deserts found in the US and tell me in what state they are located.

1. Great Sand Dune National Park Colorado 2. White Sands National Monument New Mexico 3. Yuna Dessert Arizona

Ina basin and range topography, the lowest areas are frequently occupied by a _______ and the highest area are occupied by ________?

1. Low- Playa, Playa Lake 2. highest- Range

Ten Conditions of Weathering- First 5

1. Weathering- mechanical weathering is dominant water shapes but mechanical weathering is dominant 2. Soil & Regolith- Soil Thin- exposing bedrock 3. Soil Creep- Minor in arid deserts Lacks water (a smoothing agent) 4. Impermeable surfaces [H2O]- caprocks, hardpans, high water runoff 5. Sand: sand abundance A. Basins of interior drainage B. Water infiltrates/ no rivers C. Heavy rain and wind move sand

Next 5 of 10 conditions

6. Rainfall- Limited, Flashh Floods, Thunderstorms- Rain Fluvial deposits 7. Fluvial Deposition- Major agents of erosion- water is king! 8. Wind- wind shifts particles, aeolian erosion 9. Basins of interior drainage- water stays in the basin doesn't drain to ocean. Eater major landform agent 10. Vegetation- lack of continuous vegetative cover

What is bajada and what is another name for it?

A. Are several alluvial fans joined together B. Coalescing alluvial fans

How do Bornhardts differ from other inselbergs? What landscape do we find them in?

A. Bornhardts- rounded hills, weather resistant B. Landscape in areas surrounded by plains

What zone we find at the base of a mountain range in a desert environment, is it an area of fluvial deposition?

A. Pediment B. It is Fluvial deposition

Is deflation a fluvial or an aeolian erosion? Then describe deflation.

A. aeolian erosion B. shifting of love particles

Aeolian erosion

Aeolian- wind erosion airborne sand and dust

Alluvial fan forms ________

Cove the piedmont zone and pediment

What are inselbergs?

Desert Islands- iNSELBERGS- steep mountains, hills and rounded hills Bornhardts- rounded hills and weather resistant

In the three characteristics of deserts, where do their rivers drain?

Downstream

In a basin and range topography which occupies the highest and lowest areas?

Highest- Range Lowest- Playa/Playa Lake

Barchan dunes are ______.

Individual dunes, non sandy surfaces, crescent shaped and wind in one direction

Sief dunes are ______.

Long, narrow and parallel. Wind blows in 2 directions

What is the piedmont zone?

Mountain and pediment meet

What is the best example of Exotic Stream/ Desert River?

Nile River

Most weathering in a karst topography is chemical, is major weathering in a desert environment also chemical, if not what then?

No, it is mechanical weathering

Star dunes are ________.

Not common, pyramid shaped dunes, wind blows from all directions.

What is abrasion?

Pitting and etching of rock through wind patches

Transverse dunes are ______.

Supply of sand greater than barchans, crescent shaped, entire landscape is dunes

What is the major agent responsible for landscape formation of deserts?

Water

aeolian is what type of erosion?

Wind erosion

Does water (fluvial process) erode more than wind (aeolian process) in the desert?

Yes

Which two sand dunes are crescent shaped?

barchan & transverse

basin and range terrain has no ________.

external drainage to the ocean.

what are exotic streams?

permanent streams formed outside of arid lands

What is the lowest to hight basin and range terrain?

playa/playa lake, basin, then range

ephermal streams

short terms- alluvium is common in deserts

Explain what pediment is in a desert environment.

zone at the foot of a mountain range/bedrock