Physical Science Assignment 34
molecular formula, elements, atoms
A ______ for a compound indicates what ______ make up the compound and how many ______ of each element are present in a molecule of the compound.
6
A benzene structure has a ring with how many carbon atoms?
four, one
A carbon atom has ______ outermost electrons, each of which will form a covalent bond with another atom. Hydrogen has ______ electron, so it will form one bond.
hydrocarbon
A compound like methane that is made up of only carbon and hydrogen atoms is called a ______.
hydrocarbon
A compound made up of only carbon and hydrogen atoms is called a(n) ______.
substituted hydrocarbon
A(n) ______ has one or more of its hydrogen atoms replaced by atoms or groups of other elements.
aromatic compound
A(n) ______ is defined as a compound containing the benzene-ring structure.
alcohol
A(n) ______ is formed when -OH groups replace one or more hydrogen atoms in a hydrocarbon.
proteins
Amino acids combine to form large organic polymers known as ___proteins___ .
hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur
Carbon compounds contain carbon and one or more other elements, such as ______, ______, ______, and ______.
This is a compound that contains a benzene structure, which is a ring of six carbon atoms with alternating single and double bonds with single hydrogen atoms attached to each carbon.
Describe the structural formula of an aromatic compound.
Isomers are compounds that have the same chemical formulas, but different molecular structures and shapes.
Describe what isomers are.
A saturated hydrocarbon contains all single bonds. An unsaturated hydrocarbon contains at least one double or triple bond.
Explain the difference between a saturated and an unsaturated hydrocarbon.
saturated hydrocarbons
Hydrocarbons containing only single-bonded carbon atoms are called ______.
unsaturated hydrocarbons
Hydrocarbons, such as ethene and ethyne, that contain at least one double or triple bond are called ______.
saturated
Is ethane saturated or unsaturated?
molecular structures.
Isomers are compounds that have identical chemical formulas but different
structural formula, arrangement
Like a molecular formula, a ______ indicates the number and kinds of atoms that make up a molecule of a compound. Additionally, it describes the ______ of the atoms in the molecule.
carbon
Most compounds containing what element are organic compounds?
carbon
Organic chemistry is the study of the compounds of ______.
lipids
Organic compounds such as fats and oils are called ______.
carbohydrates
Organic compounds such as sugars and starches are called ______.
CH4, carbon, hydrogen
The molecular formula for methane is ______. This means each methane molecule is made up of 1______ atom and 4______ atoms.
single and double
The structural formula of the benzene ring has what types of alternating bonds?
alkane, alkene, alkyne
There are three groups of straight-chain hydrocarbons. The ______ series consists of hydrocarbons that have single covalent bonds between each of the carbon atoms. An ______ series hydrocarbon has a double bond between at least two of its carbon atoms. A double bond counts as two bonds, so a carbon atom that has a double bond has only two remaining electrons available to form covalent bonds. An ______ series hydrocarbon has a triple bond (three covalent bonds) between at least two of its carbon atoms.
petroleum
What is a mixture of thousands of carbon compounds which, when processed, produces gasoline, kerosene, jet fuel, diesel oil, lubricating oil, and asphalt?
hydrocarbon containing at least one double bond
What is an example of an unsaturated hydrocarbon?
CH4
What is the chemical formula for methane?
A molecular formula only includes the elements in the compound and the number of atoms, but the structural formula also includes the specific arrangement of the atoms.
What is the difference between a molecular formula and a structural formula?
CnH2n+2
What is the general formula for hydrocarbons whose name ends in anes?
C3H8
Which of the following is the chemical formula for propane?
It has four electrons in the outer energy level. Carbon can link together with other carbon atoms. Carbon can form double and triple bonds.
Why does carbon form so many organic compounds?
isomers
______ are compounds with identical chemical formulas but different molecular structures.
organic compounds
______ are defined as compounds that contain the element carbon.
DNA
______ is the nucleic acid that contains your genetic information.
alcohol
a hydrocarbon that has one of its hydrogen atoms replaced by an -OH group
Substituted hydrocarbon
a hydrocarbon that has one or more of its hydrogen atoms replaced by atoms or groups of other elements
plymer
class of natural or manufactured substances that are composed of molecules arranged in large chains with small, simple, repeating units called monomers
aromatic compounds
compound containing a benzene structure having a ring with six carbons
Carbohydrates
compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, that have twice as many hydrogen atoms as oxygen atoms
Lipids
fats, oils, and related compounds that make up this group of organic compounds
unsaturated
is butene saturated or unsaturated?
unsaturated
is ethene saturated or unsaturated?
unsaturated
is ethyne saturated or unsaturated?
unsaturated
is pentyne saturated or unsaturated?
proteins
large organic polymers formed from organic monomers called amino acids
Deoxyribonucleic acid
one kind of nucleic acid found in cells where it codes and stores genetic information
monomer
one specific molecule that is repeated in the polymer chain