Physical Science Ch 15 - How atoms bond and molecules attract
If a neutral atom loses one electron, what is the electrical charge of the atom?
+1
If a neutral atom gains two electrons, what is the electrical charge of the atom?
-2
How many electrons are transferred between the cation and anion to form the ionic bond in one formula unit of each compound?
1 Electron - KCl, LiBr, KF 2 Electrons - BaO, CaS
Consider a covalent compound that is composed of a nitrogen atom (NN), a hydrogen atom (HH), and a carbon atom (CC). How many electrons should the electron-dot structure of the covalent compound contain?
10
How many covalent bonds would the following atom usually form?
3
How many valence electrons does boron (B, atomic no. = 5) have?
3
Which of the following bonds would be the least polar?
C-H
Which of the following would have the highest boiling point?
C12H26
List the following compounds in order of increasing boiling point: CI4, CBr4,CCl4, CF4
CF4, CCl4, CBr4, CI4
Arrange the molecules in order of decreasing boiling point.
CH3OH, HCl, H2
Which of the following is the correct electron dot structure for chlorine (atomic no. = 17)
D (the one with 7 dots)
What intermolecular forces are present in each of the substances?
Dispersion forces only - CH4, C5H12 Dispersion forces and dipole-dipole forces - HCN Dispersion forces, dipole-dipole forces, and hydrogen bonding - NH3, CH3OH
Which of the following is the correct electron dot structure for carbon (atomic no. = 6)
E (the one with 4 dots)
Which of the following compounds has polar covalent bonds?
H2O
What is the valence shell?
It is the outermost shell of electrons in an atom.
Which of the following compounds contains ionic bonds?
K2O
Which of the following elements has two valence electrons?
Mg
Magnesium ions carry a 2+ charge, and chloride ions carry a 1- charge. What is the chemical formula for the ionic compound magnesium chloride?
MgCl2
What is the molecular formula for ammonium nitrate?
NH4NO3 (Use the subscripts)
Which of the following elements will most likely form an ion with a +1 charge?
Na
Select the correct electron-dot formulas. You can refer to the periodic table if necessary.
Na, F, Ne
Which of the following elements has six valence electrons?
O
What it the main difference between an ionic and a covalent bond?
One is the sharing of a pair of electrons, the other is the transfer of at least one electron.
Classify these molecules as polar or nonpolar.
Polar - H2S, CH3Br, HF Nonpolar - BBR3, CH4, H2
Which should be larger, the potassium atom, K, or the potassium ion, K+?
The potassium atom, K, with an additional shell of electrons is larger.
What is happening at the molecular level when a polar molecule like water interacts with a typical sodium ion?
The water molecule aligns such that the oxygen interacts with the sodium.
For neutral molecules, which statements about covalent electron-dot structures are true?
True - Electrons of covalent compounds may be shared between atoms, For a neutral molecule, the number of electrons in the electron-dot structure is the sum of the valence electrons for the atoms. False - Hydrogen atoms are often the central atom of an electron-dot structure, Each atom of an electron-dot structure must have eight electrons.
Which of the following correctly represent the placement of electrons around each atom?
Valid - Invalid -
What is a molecule?
a group of atoms that are held together by covalent bonds.
Which of the following describes an aqueous solution?
a mixture of some compound dissolved in water
What is a hydrogen bond?
a special type of dipole-dipole attraction involving hydrogen bound to a highly electronegative atom
What is the name of the ionic compound BaCO3?
barium carbonate
Which of the following is not a property of metal?
does not conduct heat well
Which of the following intermolecular forces best describes why molecules like CF3CF3 are soluble in liquid CO2?
induced dipole-induced dipole
