Physical Science Chapter 15,16,17 test

One isotope of uranium is U-238. How many protons, electrons, and neutrons does it have? ( Use APE MAN )

A- 92 P- 92 E- 92 M-238 A-92 N-146

What physical property could you use to separate a solution of two liquids?

Distillation

Who developed the periodic table?

Dmitri Mendeleev

Chlorine-35 and Chlorine-37 have a different number of ____________________.

mass?

Elements that have properties halfway between those of metals and nonmetals, are classified as _______________.

metalloids

Elements that lie along the stair-step line of the periodic table are ____________.

metalloids

Substances that conduct an electric currant only under certain conditions are most likely to be ____________.

metalloids

All ______ except mercury are solids at room temperature.

metals

Elements on the left side of the periodic table are classified as _______________.

metals

When two or more substances are combined so each substance can be separated by physical means, the result is a(n) _________________.

mixture

A chemical symbol represents the ____________ of an element.

name

The most unreactive group of elements is the _________.

noble gases

The following are examples of chemical properties except ____________.

the ability to be crushed

The elements in Groups 3 and 12 of the periodic table are the _____________.

transition elements

Dot diagrams are used to represent ___________.

valence electrons

Dalton

spherical ball that can't be divided

A certain atom has 26 protons, 26 electrons, and 30 neutrons. It mass number is ______________.

56

___________ is NOT a homogenous mixture.

A salad

As shown in Figure 19-1, which metal is found in the largest amount in the human body?

Calcium

The noble gases are in ________.

Group 18

Democritus

He was a Greek philosopher that said all matter is made of tiny particles called atoms, and believed it looked like a sphere

Which three elements shown in Figure 19-1 make up almost 90 percent of the human body?

Oxygen, Carbon, and Hydrogen

Thomson

Positively charged spherical ball now known as a nucleus embedded with negatively charged electrons

Explain why noble gases are stable?

They have the highest number of valence electrons

Italian salad dressing is vinegar, oil, and spices. Is it a colloid, a solution, or a suspension after it is shaken well?

a suspension

The following are examples of physical properties EXCEPT _____________.

ability to react with oxygen

Radioactive elements comprise a majority of the ____.

actinides

A family of elements the contains the most reactive metals is the ______________.

alkali metals

A family of elements that has two electrons in its outer energy level is the __________.

alkaline earth metals

Three examples of physical change are _____________.

boiling water, bursting a balloon, and crumpling a piece of paper

All of the following are examples of physical changes except __________.

burning

Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?

burning paper

Metals can be used as wire because they are _____________.

ductile

A particle that moves around the nucleus is a(n) ______________.

electron

Each inner energy level of an atom has a maximum number of ____ it can hold.

electrons

In general, nonmetals are __________.

gasses at room temperature

In general, metals are ___________.

good conductors of heat

Hydrogen is grouped with the alkali metals because it _____________.

has one electron in its outer energy level

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons are called ________________.

isotopes

Suppose you found a sample of an element with the following properties: it is dim yellow, solid at room temperature, which shatters when hit with a hammer. How would you classify the element, and where would you expect to find it on the periodic table?

non-metal, because it is dull and fragile, and you could find it on the far right side of the periodic table

Elements that are gases, are brittle, and are poor conductors at room temperature are ____.

nonmetals

Give four examples of properties of nonmetals that are exactly opposite of properties of metals.

not conductors, not ductile, not malleable, not shiny

Most of the mass of an atom is found in its ____________.

nucleus

Electron Cloud

nucleus which consists of protons and neutrons inside of an open area (electron cloud) where electrons are located

The periodic table is organized by atomic _________ because it always increases from left to right.

number

Know how to draw dot diagrams

ok

The main difference between protons and electrons is that protons the _____________ charge and electrons have _______________ charge.

postive, negative

The mass number of an atom is the sum of ___________ and neutrons.

protons

Particles of matter that make up protons and neutrons are ______________.

quarks

The appearance of solid metals can be described as __________.

shiny

Bohr

small spherical positively charged nucleus in the middle of a fixed orbital path of electrons

Rutherford

small spherical positively charged nucleus surrounded by electrons