Physical Science Exam
What is the total of the oxidation numbers for all the atoms in lithium oxide? a. -2 b. +1 c. 0 d. -1
0
The temperature at which water molecules have the LEAST amount of thermal energy is: a.0ºC b. 32ºc. -273 K d. 0 K
0 k
The percentage of Earth's atmosphere consisting of carbon dioxide is about: a.78% b.21% c.0.93% d.0.04%
0.04
Which of the following is the largest unit of atmospheric pressure? a. 1 pascal b. 1 millibar c. 1 pound per square inch d. 1 millimeter of mercury
1 pound per square inch
A battery connected to a light bulb with a resistance of 5 ohms causes a current of 2 amps to flow through the bulb pictured in the diagram below The voltage across the light bulb is ____ volt(s). a. 0.4 b. 1 c. 2.5 d. 10
10
In a hydraulic lift, a small cylinder is connected to a large cylinder. A 250-newton force is applied to the 0.0025-square meter area of the small cylinder. Answer the following questions based on this information. The pressure exerted on the small cylinder is: a. 3,000,000 P b. 100,000 Pa c. 3300 Pa d. 250 Pa
100,000 Pa
At which of the following temperatures would thermal energy be lowest? a. 100º Celsius b.10º Kelvin c.100º Fahrenheit d.100º centigrade
10º kelvin
The most common oxidation number for an element with 16 electrons is: a. 1+ b. 2+ c. 1- d. 2-
2-
How many atoms of aluminum (Al), sulfur (S), and oxygen (O) are in each molecule of Al2(SO4) a.2-aluminum, 1-sulfur, 4-oxygen b.1-aluminum, 3-sulfur, 4-oxygen c.2-aluminum, 3-sulfur, 3-oxygen d.2-aluminum, 3-sulfur, 12-oxygen
2-aluminum, 3-sulfur, 12-oxygen
A change of 20º on the Celsius scale would represent a change on the Fahrenheit scale of a.68º b.36º c.20º d.11
36º
Balance the following equation to demonstrate the conservation of atoms in a reaction. Choose the answer which provides the correct coefficients for each reactant and product. _____ Fe + _____ O2_____ Fe2O3 a.(4, 3, 2) b.(2, 1, 1) c.(1, 2, 3) d.(2, 3, 1
4,3,2
Which of the following devices draws the most current when operating on a 120-volt circuit? a.10-watt clock radio b.40-watt light bulb c.50-watt fan d.Each item above draws the same current
50-watt fan
A 500-milliliter pot of water at 3° Celsius is mixed with a 500-milliliter pot of water at 5° Celsius. The amount of heat transferred in the mixing process is a. 3 calories. b. 5 calories. c. 100 calories. d. 500 calories
500 calories
1 atmosphere of pressure is equivalent to both 14.7 pounds per square inch (psi) and 1013.25 millibars (mb). How many millibars equals 1 psi a.0.0145 b.14.7 c.68.9 d.1013.25
68.9
A common isotope of Carbon has an atomic number of 6 and a mass number of 13. How many neutrons are in an atom of this isotope? a.6 b .7 c. 12 d. 1
7
Atoms of elements in period 2 and period 3 are similar because the largest number of valence electrons their atoms may contain in the outermost energy level is a. 1 b. 2 c. 8 d. 1
8
At sea level, the weight of the atmosphere on a human body is about: a. 9,800 N b. 980 N c. 98 N d. 9.8 N
9,800
Which of the following statements about colloids is FALSE? a.A colloid contains particles smaller than those in a suspension but larger than those in a solution. b.A colloid does not settle out, because the particles are constantly tossed about by the movement of the liquid particles. c.A colloid is not a true solution. d.A mixture of sand and water is an example of a colloid.
A mixture of sand and water is an example of a colloid
Which of the following is generally the best conductor? a.A gas b. A liquid c. A solid whose electrons are loosely bound to their molecules d. A solid whose electrons are strongly bound to their molecule
A solid whose electrons are loosely bound to their molecules
Of the following, which most likely involves a chemical reaction? a.Boiling water turns a fresh egg into a hard boiled egg. b.Dissolving salt in water produces a transparent liquid. c.A huge wave knocks down a beach home. d.Wind turns a generator to produce electricity
Boiling water turns a fresh egg into a hard boiled egg.
The irregular, jerky motion of dust particles in water that may be observed under a microscope was named in honor of ______________. Botanist Robert Brown, Philosopher Democritus, Physicist Albert Einstein, Chemist John Dalton
Botanist Robert Brown
Answer the following questions about the chemical reaction for the combustion of methane gas:CH4+ O2CO2+ H2O Identify the reactants in the combustion of methane. a.CO2 and H2O b.CH4 and O2 c. O2 and H2O d.CH4 and CO
CH4 and O2
_____________ are energy-rich compounds, such as starch, glucose, and sucrose a.Proteins b.Acids c.Carbohydrates d.Water molecule
Carbohydrates
Which is the most abundant gas found in the atmospheres of both Venus and Mars? a. Carbon dioxide b. Nitrogen c. Oxygen d. Argon
Carbon dioxide
What would be the most likely product(s) of the following reaction? H2+ O2→ a.H3+ O3 b.H2O c.O3H3 d.No reaction would occur
H2O
Which of the following does NOT involve heat transfer by convection a.Air moving from the Earth's equator toward the north pole b.Heat you feel when standing close to a campfire c. Cool breeze that blows from the water toward the beach during the day d.Transfer of heat to cooler parts of the room from a radiaton
Heat you feel when standing close to a campfire
What would the chemical formula be for a molecule made up of potassium (K1+) and oxygen (O2-) a. KO b. K2O c. KO2 d. K2O3
K2O
In which directions on the periodic table do the atomic masses of elements increase? a.Left to right and bottom to top b.Left to right and top to bottom c.Right to left and bottom to top d.Right to left and top to bottom
Left to right and top to bottom
Of the following planets, which one is not surrounded by a gaseous atmosphere? a. Earth b. Mars c. Mercury d. Venus
Mercury
Which of the following statements are TRUE for the process of dissolving NaCl in water? a.NaCl remains bonded together. b.Na+and Cl-become free ions. c.The attractive forces between water and NaCl are weaker than the forces holding NaCl together. d.All of the above
Na+and Cl-become free ions
"Pressure applied to an incompressible fluid is transmitted equally throughout the fluid" is an expression of: a.Archimedes' principle b.Pascal's principle c.Bernoulli's principle d. Newton's principle
Pascal's principle
Of the following, the one which most likely involves a chemical reaction is: a.Slicing a piece of bread produces two pieces. b.Placing a solid and a liquid together produces heat and a gas. c.Hitting a board with a hammer forms a dent in the surface of the wood. d.Heating an ice cube produces liquid water
Placing a solid and a liquid together produces heat and a gas.
Water is a solvent in which of the following solutions? a. Air b. Liquid sterling silver c. Saline (salt) solution d. Corn oil
Saline (salt) solution
Which of the following statements best describes the difference between series and parallel circuits? a.Series circuits are battery circuits and parallel circuits are generator circuits. b.Series circuits have a single path and parallel circuits have twoor more paths. c.Series circuits are used in computers and parallel circuits are used in homes. d.Series circuits have one switch in them and parallel circuits have two switches in them
Series circuits have a single path and parallel circuits have two or more paths.
Classify the following reaction: 3CuSO4+ 2Al Al2(SO4)3+ 3Cu a.Addition b.Single-displacement c.Double-displacement d.Decomposition
Single-displacement
A chemist is given the job of recovering silver ions, Ag+, from a solution before the solution is discarded. She is given the job because silver is expensive and may be reused.What kind of reaction would the chemist use to extract the silver? a.Addition b.Double-replacement c.Decomposition d.Single-replacement
Single-replacement
Which of the following solutes is NOT soluble in water? a.Carbon dioxide gas b. Solid copper c. Salt d. Sugar
Solid copper
Suppose you connect more and more light bulbs in series to a battery. What happens to the brightness of each bulb as you add more bulbs? a.The bulbs grow brighter with each new bulb added. b.The bulbs grow dimmer with each new bulb added. c.There is no change in brightness. d.The brightness may increase or decrease depending on the type of light bulb
The bulbs grow dimmer with each new bulb added.
Which of the following statements about suspensions is TRUE? a.A suspension contains particles smaller than those of a solution. b.A suspension cannot be filtered. c.The large particles in a suspension eventually settle to the bottom of the container. d.A suspension is a true solution
The large particles in a suspension eventually settle to the bottom of the container
Which of the following statements about two isotopes of the same element is FALSE? a.The number of neutrons may be different between the two isotopes. b.One isotope might be radioactive while the other isotope might be stable. c.One isotope might have a larger mass than the other isotope. d.The number of protons might be different between the two isotopes
The number of protons might be different between the two isotopes
Electric charge is: a.caused by two fluids, as described by Benjamin Franklin. b.present in metals only. c.a fundamental property of matter that comes in two forms. d.found only in non-living material
a fundamental property of matter that comes in two forms.
An object is a good emitter of radiation if it is: a. a good transmitter. b. a good reflector. c. a good absorber. d. white in color
a good absorber
Evaporation occurs when a. a solid changes to a gas. b. a gas changes to a liquid. c. a liquid changes to a solid. d. a liquid changes to a gas
a liquid changes to a gas
A solution is: a.a mixture of two or more substances of the same state (e.g., liquid + liquid). b.a mixture of two or more substances. It is heterogeneous at the molecular level. c.a mixture of two or more substances. It is homogeneous at the molecular level. d.a mixture of two or more substances, one of which is water
a mixture of two or more substances. It is heterogeneous at the molecular level
Water is described as a polar molecule because it has: a. a partial positive and a partial negative end. b. two positive ends. c. two negative ends. d. no charge
a partial positive and a partial negative end
Fourteen-karat gold is: a.an alloy. b.a solution. c.a mixture of two solids. d.All of the above
all of the above
The measurement of the force of air molecules in the atmosphere at a given altitude is called: a. gravity. b. atmospheric pressure. c.atmospheric volume. d. sea level.
atmospheric pressure
The "building blocks" of matter are: a.electrons. b. atoms and molecules. c. found only in the plasma state. d. as of yet undiscovered
atoms and molecules
An instrument designed to measure atmospheric pressure is called a: a. thermometer. b.speedometer. c. tachometer. d. barometer.
barometer
The temperature at which water changes to steam is known as the a.boiling point. b.evaporation temperature. c.sublimation plateau. d.melting point
boiling point
According to Bernoulli's principle, if the speed of a fluid along a streamline increases all of the following may occur EXCEPT: a. a kinetic energy decrease. b. a potential energy decrease. c. a pressure energy decrease. d. both a pressure and potential energy decrease
both a pressure and potential energy decrease
Chemical formulas represent the number and element of each type of atom in: a.covalent compounds only. b.ionic compounds only. c.both ionic and covalent compounds. d.mixtures only
both ionic and covalent compounds.
What substance in our atmosphere has been significantly reduced by the process of photosynthesis? a. Hydrogen b. Oxygen c. Carbon dioxide d. Glucose
carbon dioxide
The carbohydrate, ____, is used by plants to give their structure strength. a.glucose b.sucrose c.cellulose d.starch
cellulose
According to the periodic table , the group known as the halogens include the element: a.sodium. b.calcium. c.chlorine. d.phosphorus
chlorine
Conduction is the transfer of thermal energy due to: a. direct contact of particles of matter. b . differences in density. c. the force of buoyancy. d. electromagnetic radiation
direct contact of particles of matter
What does a power company sell to its customers? a. Power b. Voltage c. Current d. Energy
energy
A way of organizing the elements based on their chemical properties is the: a.electrons an atom in the period can accept when reacting to form compounds. b.energy levels of the atoms in the period. c.compounds that may be formed by an element in the period.d.neutrons in the nuclei of atoms in the period
energy levels of the atoms in the period
In an electrical circuit, the term current refers to a. resistance. b. potential difference. c. flowing charges. d. energy loss
flowing charges
If you hold a paper cup containing hot chocolate in your hand, thermal energy: a. does not flow. b. flows from the air to the hot chocolate. c. flows from the hot chocolate to your hand. d. flows from your hand to the hot chocolate
flows from the hot chocolate to your hand
Matter that flows when force is applied is: a. gas only. b. liquid only. c. solid only. d. fluid
fluid
The primary source of nitrogen for the proteins in our body tissues is nitrogen: a.released as a gas by volcanoes. b.released by dead and decaying organisms into the air. c.absorbed directly from the air. d.found in plant and animal proteins we eat
found in plant and animal proteins we eat
A device that protects a circuit from too much current by creating a break in the circuit is a: a. switch. b. short. c. fuse. d. resistor
fuse
In the reaction, 2H2(g)+ O2(g)2H2O(l), the phase of matter in which the reactants appear is a.solid. b.liquid. c.gas. d.plasma
gas
The noble gases such as helium and xenon do not form chemical bonds with other elements because they: a.have completely filled energy levels. b.are chemically unstable. c.are unusually large atoms. d.have been around longest on the earth
have completely filled energy levels.
When you put ice in a drink to cool it: a. coldness is transferred from the ice to the warmer drink. b.heat is transferred from the warmer drink to the cooler ice. c.heat from the ice is lost to the warmer liquid around it. d.the ice cracks and releases cold air molecules that cool off the drink.
heat is transferred from the warmer drink to the cooler ice
The bond between a water molecule's oxygen atom and the hydrogen atoms of another water molecule is a. hydrogen bond. b. oxygen bond. c. covalent bond. d.ionic bond
hydrogen bond
When more devices are added to a series circuit, the total circuit resistance: a. decreases. b. increases. c. stays the same. d. may increase or decrease, depending on the device
increases
Using the periodic table in , all of the following elements belong to the main group elements EXCEPT: a.hydrogen. b.radium. c.aluminum. d.iron
iron
A closed circuit: a. is off. b. is on. c. has a break in it. d. requires no voltage
is on
In a hydraulic lift, a small cylinder is connected to a large cylinder. A 250-newton force is applied to the 0.0025-square meter area of the small cylinder. Answer the following questions based on this information. Compared to the pressure on the smaller cylinder, the pressure on the larger cylinder a. is smaller. b.is larger. c. is the same. d. cannot be calculated from the information given
is the same.
The location of metals on the periodic table is on the: a.left. b. top. c.right. d.bottom
left
An ionic bond is most likely to form between: a.carbon and oxygen atoms. b.lithium and fluorine atoms. c.two oxygen atoms. d.nitrogen and oxygen atoms
lithium and fluorine atoms
Most of the elements in the periodic table can be described as: a.metals. b. nonmetals. c. metalloids. d. halogens
metals
The mass, in grams, of the Avogadro number of molecules of a compound is its: a.formula mass b.molar mass c.inertial mass d.atomic mas
molar mass
Compared to aneroid barometers, mercury barometers are less desirable because they are: a. less accurate. b. more dangerous. c. too costly. d. difficult to read
more dangerous
An atom absorbs energy as its electrons a. move from a low energy level to a high energy level. b. stay in a high energy level. c. move from a high energy level to a low energy level. d. stay in a low energy level.
move from a low energy level to a high energy level.
An atom emits light when one of its electrons: a.moves from a low energy level to a high energy level. b.remains at a high energy level. c.moves from a high energy level to a low energy level. d.remains at a low energy level
moves from a high energy level to a low energy level.
The unit most useful for measuring the particle size of a colloid is the: a. nanometer. b. millimeter. c. microgram. d. nanosecond
nanometer
a participle with zero charge found in the nucleus of an atom is called a(n): a. electron. b. proton. c. neutron. d. positron
neutron
Units used to measure atmospheric pressure include all of the following EXCEPT: a. pascals. b. newtons. c. atmospheres. d. millibars
newtons
The most abundant gas in Earth's atmosphere is: a. nitrogen. b. water vapor. c .oxygen. d. carbon dioxide
nitrogen
Traces gases in the atmosphere consist of all the following EXCEPT: a. helium. b. nitrogen. c. methane. d. hydrogen
nitrogen
A way of organizing the elements based on their chemical properties is the: a.energy level. b.periodic table. c.nucleus. d.isotope.
periodic table
An element essential to the manufacture of DNA and glow-in-the-dark plastic is a. fluorine. b. phosphorus. c. sulfur. d. nitrogen
phosphorus
When you eat an apple, the process of digestion involves: a.physical change only. b.chemical change only. c.physical and chemical change. d.phase change
physical and chemical change
Positive electric charges: a.attract both positive charges and negative charges. b.repel both positive charges and negative charges. c.attract positive charges and repel negative charges. d.repel positive charges and attract negative charges
repel positive charges and attract negative charges
Viscosity is a measure of a material's: a.resistance to flow. b. strength. c. shape. d .molecular motion
resistance to flow
In general, the most dense phase of matter on Earth is: a.plasma. b .gas. c. liquid. d. solid
solid
What is a whole number in a chemical formula indicating the number of atoms in a molecule called? a.Subscript b.Superscript c.Coefficient d.Mole
subscript
A measure of how much pulling, or tension, a material can withstand before breaking is: a. hardness. b. brittleness. c. tensile strength. d. malleability.
tensile strength
Atoms of the same element may contain: a.the same number of neutrons but a different number of protons. b.the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons. c.a different number of protons and a different number of neutrons. d.the same number of electrons but a different number of protons
the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.
The second row of the periodic table has 8 elements because: a.there are 8 protons in the nucleus of oxygen. b.the second energy level can hold 8 electrons. c.the first row has 7 elements and the third row has 9 elements. d.8 is 2 x 2 x 2
the second energy level can hold 8 electrons.
Global wind cells and ocean currents are examples of heat transfer by: a.thermal conduction b. thermal radiation c. thermal equilibrium d. thermal convection
thermal convection
All objects would eventually cool to absolute zero by radiating their energy away if they did not receive energy from other objects by a.thermal conduction b .thermal radiation c. thermal equilibrium d. thermal convection
thermal radiation
The noble gases, such as helium and xenon, are non-reactive because a.they have completely filled outer electron shells. b.they are chemically unstable. c.they are unusually large atoms. d.they have been around longest on Earth.
they have completely filled outer electron shells.
A non-polar molecule is: a.easily dissolved in water AND uncharged. b.easily dissolved in water AND charged. c.unlikely to dissolve in water AND charged. d.unlikely to dissolve in water AND uncharged
unlikely to dissolve in water AND uncharged
Solids retain their shape and size, if kept at constant temperature and pressure. At a constant temperature and pressure, liquids retain their a.volume. b.shape. c.size. d.shape and volume
volume
The equipment setup shown below would be most useful for determining: a. the viscosity of the liquid. b. the boiling point of the liquid. c. the density of the liquid. d. whether the liquid is a solution or a colloid.
whether the liquid is a solution or a colloid
