PHYSICAL SCIENCE107 FINAL

acrobat bart at the circus drops vertically onto the end of a see-saw, with his partner Art equidistant from the fulcrum at the other end. art is propelled straight upward a distance twice that of bart's dropping distance. neglecting inefficiencies we see..

art is half the mass of bart

the vibrations of a transverse wave move in a direction

at right angles to the direction of wave travel

Concerning a road trip, the biggest concern while figuring driving time is ________, while driving through a speed trap is _______, while merging onto an expressway is ________, and while driving along a one-way street it ________.

average speed instantaneous speed acceleration velocity

a doppler effect occurs when a source of sound moves

(A & B) towards you away from you

what travels from source to receiver in wave motion is..

(B & C) disturbances in the medium energy

an atomic model of the atom is

(all of the above) a stepping stone to understanding a symbolic representation of the atom an abstraction enabling predictions

archimedes' principle applies to

(all of the above) fluids gases liquids

compared to the ocean, earth's atmosphere is different in that

(all of the above) its density if varied with depth it has a less-distinct surface molecules are more greatly spaced

you experience weightlessness

(all of the above) momentarily when you step off a chair in a free falling elevator in the absence of a supporting force

an acoustical engineer in signing a music hall is concerned with

(all of the above) reflection reverberations echoes

compared with a force, a torque involves....

(all of the above) rotation leverage distance from an axis of rotation

a scale from which rock is suspended reads 5 N when the rock is out of water and 3 N when the rock is submerged. the density of the rock is...

2.5 times the density of the water

a hydraulic press has its input piston depressed 20 cm while the output piston is raised 1 cm. a 1-newton input can lift a load of .....

20 N

to tighten a bolt, you push with a force of 80 N at the end of a wrench handle that is 1/4 m from the axis of the bolt. assuming that you push perpendicular to the wrench handle, the torque you are exerting is...

20 Nm

the power required to exert 4-N force over 3 meters in 2 seconds is....

6 W

the chemical properties of matter come mostly from its

electrons

the fact that desert sand is very hot in the day and very cold at night is evidence that the specific heat capacity of sand is relatively

low

one of the main reasons one can walk barefoot on red-hot coals of wood without burning the feet has to do with

low thermal conductivity of the coals

A force is a vector quantity because it has both...

magnitude and direction

a granite block is mostly empty space because the stomas in granite are

mostly empty space themselves

a 1056-hertz tuning fork is sounded at the same time as a piano note is struck. you hear three beats per second. what is the frequency of the piano string?

need more information

a heavy truck and a light truck roll down a hill. neglecting friction, at the bottom of the hill, the light truck will have greater...

none of these

a skydiver falls towards a lake on the earth. the attraction of the earth on the diver pulls the diver down. what is the reaction to this force?

none of these

atomic mass number refers to the number of

nucleons in the nucleus

In which case would you have the largest mass of gold? if your chunk of gold weighed 1 N on the

planet Jupiter

consider a man standing behind a car and pushing it without being able to move the car. which of the following are an action reaction force pair?

man pushing the car and the car pushing the man

when the air of a fully-inflated party balloon quickly escapes, its temperature

drops

When the bottom string is pulled slowly in the block-and-strings demonstration from class, tension...

in the top string is due to your pull plus the weight of the ball

if the planet jupiter underwent gravitational collapse, its rate of rotation about its axis would...

increase

as a system becomes more disordered, entropy

increases

which concept is being illustrated when a tablecloth is quickly yanked beneath dishes resting on a table?

inertia

which of the following is not one of the five most abundant elements in living organisms?

iron

the main reason ocean tides exist is that the pull of the moon

is greater on oceans closer to the moon and less on oceans farther from the moon

for a very tall skyscraper, the center of mass is...

is slightly higher than the center of gravity

A skydiver steps from a helicopter and falls fora few seconds until terminal velocity is reached. Thereafter, until he opens his parachute, his acceleration...

is zero

an SUV will tip over more easily than a sedan built on the same chassis because

its center of mass is higher

compared to the volume of a kilogram of feathers, the volume of a kilogram of lead is

less

an object has gravitational potential energy due to its

location

the lower of the temperature of an object, the

longer the wavelengths its radiates

compressions and rarefactions are characteristics of

longitudinal waves

how long will it take to stop a 1500 kg car going at 20 m/s with a braking force of 6000 N?

5 s

the earliest and most influential greek philosopher was aristotle, who among many contributes taught that

(all of the above) the four elements are earth, water, air and fire all motion is either natural or violent violent motion requires a sustained push or pull

a difference between linear momentum and angular momentum involves....

(both of these) two different types of speed a radial distance

a fish normally displaces its own

(both of these) weight of water volume of water

which task requires more work?

(both require the same) lifting the 25 kg sack 4 meters lighting the 50 kg sack 2 meters

which of these are good conductors?

(none of the above) snow feathers wood

two billiard balls of the same mass roll straight toward each other. the first has a velocity of +5 m/s and the second has a velocity of -3 m/s. after colliding, the first ball has a velocity of...

-3 m/s

two 1 kg billiard balls roll toward each other, each moving with speed 10 m/s. what is the combined momentum of the two balls?

0 kg m/s

At one instant an object in free fall is moving upward at 20 meters per second. two seconds later its speed it about...

0 m/s

a falling skydiver of a mass 100 kg experiences 700 N air resistance. the acceleration of the skydiver is

0.3 g

if a 4 kg object gained 40 J of potential energy when it was lifted. about how high was it lifted?

1 m

A 10-kilogram block is pushed across a horizontal surface with a horizontal force of 20 N against a friction force of 10 N. the acceleration of the block is

1 m/s2

at normal atmospheric pressure and temperature, 1 cubic meter of air has a mass of about

1.25 kg

a 1-kg glifer and a 2-kg glider both slide toward each other at 1 m/s on a n air track. they collide and stick. the combined mass moves at....

1/3 m/s

a worker with a mass of 100 kg stands on a 60 kg platform suspended at rest by two ropes. the tension in the first rope is measured to be 600 N. what is the tension in the second rope?

1000 N

the mass of a lab that weights 110 is about

11 kg

A tree stump is pulled northward by a 10-N force at the same time as 25-N force pulls it southward. the resultant force has a magnitude of

15 N

A car accelerates at 2 meters per second per second. Assuming the car starts from rest, how much time does it need to accelerate to a speed for 30 m/s?

15 seconds

what is the mass of a porsche 911 turbo sports car if it has 2,000,000 J of kinetic energy while driving 50 m/s (i.e. 180 km.h)...

1600 kg

suppose the circumference of a bicycle wheel is 2 meters. if it rotates at 1 revolution per second when you are riding the bicycle, then your speed will be

2 m/s

ultrasound is

20,000 hertz to 200,000 hertz

a metal block has a density of 5000 kg per cubic meter and a mass of 15,000 kg. what is the volume?

3 cubic meters

Nellie pulls on a 10-kg wagon with a constant horizontal force of 30 N. If there are no other horizontal forces, what is the wagon's acceleration?

3.0 m/s2

a 300-kg bear grasping a vertical tree slides down at constant velocity. the friction force between the tree and the bear is

3000 N

a karate chop delivers a blow of 3000 N to a board that breaks. the force that acts on the hand during this event is

3000N

the speed of sound in air, water, and steel are about

330 m/s, 1400 m/s, and 5100 m/s respectively

a jack system will increase the potential energy of a heavy load by 400 J and generate 600 J of heat with a work input of 1000 J. the efficiency of the jack system is...

40%

if a wave with a wavelength of 5 m is traveling at a speed of 25 m/s, what is the wave's frequency?

5 Hz

an unstretched hanging spring is 20 cm long. suspending four 100-N weights from it makes its length 40 cm. adding two more 100-N weights will make the spring's length

50 cm

If I drive 70 mi/hr from Memphis to Batesveille for 1 hour, then drive 10 mi/hr through a construction zone for 1/2 hour, then drive 50 mi/hr from Batesville to Oxford for 1/2 hour, what was my average speed for the entire trip?

50 mi/hr

Which of the following concepts was first proposed by Galileo?

A force is required to change the motion of an object

which has more skin compared to its body weight?

a mouse

when a book weighing 3 N is lying at rest on a table, the force that the table exerts on the books i

a support force of 3 N

the weight of a 1 cm cubed metal cube scaled up by a factor of 10 will be

a thousand times as much

when you jump from an elevation position you usually bend your knees upon reaching the ground. by doing this, you make the time of the impact about 10 times as great as for a stiff-legged landing. in this way the average force your body experiences is

about 1/10 as great

it takes 4 seconds for a stone to fall to the bottom of a mine shaft. how deep is the shaft?

about 80 m

the rotational intreat of a pencil is greatest about an axis....

about its end, like a pendulum

the famous leaning tower of pisa doesn't topple over because its center of gravity is...

above a place of support

when the handle of a tuning fork is held solidly against a table, the sound becomes louder and the time that the fork keeps vibrating

becomes shorter

the bob of a simple pendulum has it maximum kinetic energy at the ....

bottom of the swing

when a canon is fired, it recoils as the cannonball is set in motion. the cannon and cannonball ideally acquire equal...

but opposite amounts of momentum

when an object is partly or wholly immersed in a liquid, it is buoyed up

by a force equal to the weight of a liquid displaced

Centripetal force does no work on a circularly-moving object because...

centripetal force has no component in the direction of motion

when a load is placed on the middle of a horizontal beam supported at each end, the top part of the beam undergoes...

compression

the first law of thermodynamics is a restatement of the

conservation of energy

two separate waves that are in phase produce

constructive interference and a wave of increased amplitude

you can safely hold your fingers on both sides of a candle flame due mainly to

convection

the first scientist to be credited for postulating that earth circled the sun was

copernicus

the metal in a chunk of copper or iron is composed of

crystals

if earth's mass decreased to one-half its original mass with no change in radius, then your weight would

decrease to half

consider a rotating donut-shaped space habitat where living quarters are on the inside surface farthest from the axis. if the rotational speed of the habitat decreases, the apparent weight of people inside....

decreases

it is important that the two metals that compose a bimetallic strip have

different rates of expansion

if you halve the frequency of a vibrating object, its period

doubles

if instead one ball popped out with twice the velocity of the two, this would be a violation of conservation of...

energy

two equal sized buckets are filled to the top with water. one of the buckets has a piece of wood floating in it, making its total weight

equal to the weight of the other bucket

when water at 4 degrees C is heated it expands. when water at 4 degrees C is cooled, it

expands

a bow wave is produced when a wave source moves

faster than the waves it produces

while standing, your blood pressure is normal greatest in your

feet

energy transfer by convention is primarily restricted to

fluids

Two identical arrows, one with twice the speed of the other, are fired into a bale of hay. compared with penetration of the slow arrow, the faster arrow penetrates...

four times as fast

when you touch a cold piece of ice with your finger, energy flows

from your finger to the ice

the element gold contains

gold atoms

compared with air pressure on the outside, air pressure inside an inflated stretched balloon is

greater

a man tries to catch a home run baseball while sitting in the outfield bleachers. unfortunately, the ball misses his glove and hits the top of his head. if the ball bounces off his head, he will be hit ______ he would if the ball sticks to hid head...

harder than

materials composed of molecules that absorb large amounts of energy in the form of internal vibrations and rotations have

high specific heats

compared to a giant iceberg, a hot cup of coffee has

higher temperature, but less internal energy

if you toss a coin straight upward in a train that gain speed while the coin is in the air, the coin will land

in back of you

the force of gravity acts on all apples on an apple tree. some apples are twice as far from the ground as others. for the same mass these twice-as-high apples have

practically the same weight

inertia is defined as

property of matter

In class, we had a tug-of-war between 10 women and 10 men. the men competed in their socks while the women kept their shoes on. the women are sometimes ale to pull the men to their side. this happens because the women...

push harder on the floor than the men do

a spinning tossed baseball veers off course in the direction of

reduced air pressure on the ball

Your pet hamster sits on a spinning record player. if the angular speed of the record player halves and he moves to a point twice as far from the center, then his linear speed...

remains the same

when a twirling ice skater brings her arms inward, her angular momentum....

remains the same

caruso is said to have made a crystal chandelier shatter with his voice. this is a demonstration of

resonance

a mack truck and a volkswagon traveling at the same speed have a head-on collision. the greatest impact force will be on...

same for both

in our part of the universe, antimatter is

short-lived

hot water will cool to room temperature slower in a

silver pot

while a car travels around a circular track at 90 km/h, its

speed does not change

which of these three produces the greatest tidal effect on you right now?

the earth

A rocket becomes progressively easier to accelerate as it travels upward from the ground mainly because..

the mass of the rocket decreases as fuel is burned.

the kind of molecular motion that mostly relates to the temperature of a substance is

translational motion

sound waves can interfere with one another so that no sound results

true

strictly speaking, more fuel is consumed by your car if the air conditioner, headlights, or even a radio is turned on. this statement is...

true

in comparison with other fundamental forces, the universal gravitational constant G indicates that gravity is

very weak

chinook winds tend to..

warm an environment

processes can proceed from disorder to order

when input energy is supplied

the earth is closer to the sun in january than in july, which accounts for the fact that the highest high tides in the northern hemisphere occur in

winter

an object is in mechanical equilibrium if the net force on it is

zero