PHYSICS CHAPTER 11 EDITED

40. In cloud formation, water vapor turns into water droplets which get bigger and bigger until it rains. This will cause the temperature of the air in the clouds to: a. get warmer. b. get cooler. c. will not affect the temperature of the air in the clouds. d. There is no air in clouds.

A

47. Carly places one end of a steel bar in a Bunsen flame and the other end in an ice cube. By what factor is the rate of heat flow changed when the bar's cross-sectional area is doubled? a. 2 b. 1/2 c. 4.0 d. 1/4

A

5. Who demonstrated that when heat is gained or lost by a system during some process, the gain or loss can be accounted for by an equivalent quantity of mechanical work done on the system? a. Joule b. Boltzmann c. Thompson, Count Rumford d. Kelvin

A

52. The use of fiberglass insulation in the outer walls of a building is intended to minimize heat transfer through the wall by what process? a. conduction b. radiation c. convection d. vaporization

A

55. If cooking is done using an aluminum pan over an electric burner, which of the following will not promote the rate of heat flow from burner to food? a. increase pan bottom thickness b. increase pan bottom area c. increase burner temperature d. decrease height of pan sides

A

6. The first experiment, which systematically demonstrated the equivalence of mechanical energy and heat, was performed by: a. Joule. b. Boltzmann. c. Thompson, Count Rumford. d. Kelvin.

A

62. Consider two different rods. The greatest thermal conductivity will be in the rod with: a. electrons that are freer to move from atom to atom. b. the greater specific heat. c. the greater cross-sectional area. d. the greater length.

A

64. In winter, light-colored clothes will keep you warmer than dark-colored clothes if: a. you are warmer than your surroundings. b. you are at the same temperature as your surroundings. c. you are cooler than your surroundings. d. you are standing in sunlight.

A

74. Of the planets with atmospheres, which is the warmest? a. Venus b. Earth c. Mars d. Jupiter

A

76. Carbon dioxide and water molecules in the atmosphere will absorb: a. infrared light. b. visible light. c. ultraviolet light. d. radio waves.

A

The emissivity of an ideal reflector has which of the following values? a. 0 b. 1 c. 100 d. infinity

A

Which of the following involves the greatest heat transfer? a. One gram of steam at 100°C changing to water at 100°C. b. One gram of ice at 0°C changing to water at 0°C. c. One gram of water cooling from 100°C to 0°C. d. One gram of ice heating from -100°C to 0°C.

A

1. Arrange from smallest to largest: the BTU, the joule, and the calorie. a. BTU, J, cal b. J, cal, BTU c. cal, BTU, J d. J, BTU, cal

B

12. On a sunny day at the beach, the reason the sand gets so hot and the water stays relatively cool is attributed to the difference in which property between water and sand? a. mass density b. specific heat c. temperature d. thermal conductivity

B

4. Calories of the food type are equal to which of the following? a. 4.186 J b. 4 186 J c. 1 BTU d. 1054 J

B

49. If one's hands are being warmed by holding them to one side of a flame, the predominant form of heat transfer is what process? a. conduction b. radiation c. convection d. vaporization

B

50. When a wool blanket is used to keep warm, what is the primary insulating material? a. wool b. air c. the trim around the edge of the blanket d. a thin layer of aluminum foil (usually not apparent) inside the blanket

B

51. The surfaces of a Dewar flask are silvered for the purpose of minimizing heat transfer by what process? a. conduction b. radiation c. convection d. vaporization

B

53. How does the heat energy from the sun reach us through the vacuum of space? a. conduction b. radiation c. convection d. none of the above choices are valid

B

7. If heat is flowing from a table to a block of ice moving across the table, which of the following must be true? a. The table is rough and there is friction between the table and ice. b. The ice is cooler than the table. c. The ice is changing phase. d. All three are possible, but none is absolutely necessary.

B

11. Sea breezes that occur near the shore are attributed to a difference between land and water with respect to what property? a. mass density b. coefficient of volume expansion c. specific heat d. emissivity

C

24. As I use sandpaper on some rusty metal, the sandpaper gets hot because: a. heat is flowing from the sandpaper into the metal. b. heat is flowing from the metal into the sandpaper. c. frictional processes increase the internal energy of the sandpaper. d. heat is flowing from my hand into the sandpaper.

C

48. Dmitri places one end of a copper rod in a heat reservoir and the other end in a heat sink. By what factor is the rate of heat flow changed when the temperature difference between the reservoir and sink is tripled? a. 0.33 b. 1/9 c. 3.0 d. 9.0

C

54. Which one of the following processes of heat transfer requires the presence of a fluid? a. conduction b. radiation c. convection d. none of the above choices are valid

C

63. Which type of heating causes sunburn? a. conduction b. convection c. radiation d. all of the above

C

8. How many calories are equal to one BTU? (One calorie = 4.186 J, one BTU = 1 054 J.) a. 0.252 b. 3.97 c. 252 d. 397

C

9. Which of the following statements is true? a. A hot object contains a lot of heat. b. A cold object contains only a little heat. c. Objects do not contain heat. d. Statements a and b are true.

C

2. Of the following systems, which contains the most heat? a. 100 kg of water at 80°C b. 250 kg of water at 40°C c. 600 kg of ice at 0°C d. Systems do not contain heat.

D

34. Which of the following best describes a substance in which the temperature remains constant while at the same time it is experiencing an inward heat flow? a. gas b. liquid c. solid d. substance undergoing a change of state

D

75. Which of the following produces greenhouse gases? a. burning fossil fuel b. digestive processes in cows c. automobile pollution d. all of the above

D

Heat flow occurs between two bodies in thermal contact when they differ in what property? a. mass b. specific heat c. density d. temperature

D