physics chapters 21-24

suppose you put a closed, sealed can of air on a hot stove burner. The contained air will undergo an increase in _____ , ____, and ____.

Internal energy, temperature and pressure

the first law of thermodynamics is a restatement of what other law?

Law of Conservation of Energy. There are a few ways of stating it, but they all mean the same thing: Energy is neither created nor destroyed. It can only change form.

absorber

absorbing the energy of sudden impulses or shocks in machinery or structures (black surface, shock)

which cools at a faster rate, a pot of boiling water left at room temperature or a same size pot of luke warm water left at room temperature?

boiling water

how can the energy count of a piece of food be measured?

calories

when a volume of air expands and no heat enters or leaves, the air temperature will

decrease

describe when heat transfer by conduction occurs

direct contact

adiabatic process

energy only transferred as work

conduction

heat transfer through direct contact (placing a hot stick to fire)

when a volume of air compresses and no heat enters or leaves, how will the air temperature be affected?

increase

what units is heat measured in?

joules or calories

increase in entropy

less error

entropy

measure of the molecular disorder, or randomness, of a system. (error)

decrease in entropy

more error

specific heat capacity is related to:

needed to change the temperature of one gram of a substance one degree (J/C)

by what process does heat travel from the sun to the earth?

radiation

emitter

something that gives energy (black clothes)

insulator

something that traps heat (bird's fluffy feathers)

when a gas is heated in a closed container, the internal pressure increases. What is the best reason for the increase in pressure?

the average kinetic energy of the gas molecules increases

when does heat by convection occur?

thermal energy transferred from hot to cold objects without contact