Physics First H(Vining) - Semester 1 Final Study Guide

15. The hang time (time one's feet are off the ground in a jump) for most athletes is a. less than 1 second. b. considerably more than 1 second. c. about 1 second. d. slightly more than 1 second.

a

19. A ball is thrown straight up. At the top of its path its instantaneous speed is a. 0 m/s. b. about 5 m/s. c. about 10 m/s. d. about 20 m/s. e. about 50 m/s.

a

27. If you drop a feather and a coin at the same time in a vacuum tube, which will reach the bottom of the tube first? a. Neither-they will both reach the bottom at the same time. b. The coin c. The feather

a

28. If a projectile is fired straight up at a speed of 15 m/s, the total time to return to its starting point is about a. 3 second. b. 6 seconds. c. 30 seconds. d. 60 seconds. e. not enough information to estimate.

a

31. Even though a car is slowing down, it is still accelerating, in the most general definition of acceleration. a) true b) false

a

32. If a car is traveling at a constant average speed of 60 kilometers per hour, how long does it take to travel 300 kilometers? a) 5.0 hour b) 0.5 hour c) 0.72 hour d) 0.2 hours e) 2.0 hours

a

34. A car accelerates uniformly from 3.0 m/s to 11.0 m/s in 4.0 s. The magnitude of the acceleration is a) 2.0 m/s/s b) 3.5 m/s/s c) 2.8 m/s/s d) 9.7 m/s/s e) 0.78 m/s/ss2

a

36. A runner travels 30.0 m at a steady speed of 5.0 m/s. The time taken is a) 6.0 s b) 12 s c) 24 s d) 48 s e) 150 s

a

37. Mr. Vining is looking at new Garden apartment in downtown Scottsdale and is out on the balcony and decides to find out how far up he is. He takes out a water balloon (he now always carries a few thanks to Mr. Hill) and drops it over the railing. If it takes 2.0 s to hit the ground, how far is the ground beneath him? (g=-10m/s/s) a) -20 m b) - 30 m c) -45 m d) -60 m e) -90 m

a

42. The area under a velocity-time graph represents a) displacement b) change in acceleration c) acceleration d) speed e) change in velocity

a

46. Change in velocity can be obtained from a) the area under an acceleration-time graph b) the area under a velocity-time graph c) the slope of an acceleration-time graph d) the slope of a velocity-time graph

a

51. An object thrown straight up has a positive velocity and a negative acceleration. a) true b) false

a

52. If a body travels at constant speed, then the distance it travels varies directly with the time elapsed. a) true b) false

a

56. Galileo's use of inclined planes allowed him to effectively a) slow down the acceleration of free fall b) increase the acceleration beyond that of free fall c) eliminate the acceleration of free fall d) all of these e) none of these

a

58. An object travels 5 meters in the first second of travel, 5 meters again during the second second of travel, and 5 meters again during the third second. Its acceleration in meters per second per second is a) 0 b) 5 c) 8 d) 10 e) more than 10

a

60. As an object freely falls, its a) velocity increases b) acceleration increases c) both of these d) none of these

a

64. What is the acceleration of a car that maintains a constant velocity of 100 km/h for 7 seconds? a) 0 b) 10 km/h/s c) 10 m/s/s d) 100 km/h/s e) 1000 km/h/s

a

67. A car accelerates at 2 m/s/s. Assuming the car starts from rest, how much time does it need to accelerate to a speed of 4 m/s? a) 2 s b) 15 s c) 30 s d) 60 s e) none of these

a

73. A ball is thrown 32 meters straight upward and then falls the same distance back to earth. Neglecting air resistance, its total time in the air is about a) 5 s b) 10 s c) 15 s d) more than 20 s

a

78. A scalar is a quantity that has a. magnitude b. time c. direction d. color

a

79. Suppose a small plane can fly at 200 km/h relative to the surrounding air. Suppose also that there is a 20-km/h tail wind. How fast does the plane's shadow move across the ground? a. 220 km/h b. 200 km/h c. 180 km/h d. 40 km/h e. 5 km/h

a

8. As an object falls freely in a vacuum, its a. velocity increases. b. acceleration increases. c. both A and B. d. none of the above.

a

80. A cannonball is launched from the ground at an angle of 30 degrees and a speed of 40 m/s. Ideally (no air resistance) the ball will land on the ground with a speed of a. -40 m/s b. -20 m/s c. -10 m/s d. 0 m/s e. there is not enough information to say.

a

82. What is the maximum resultant possible when adding a 16-N force to an 8-N force? a. 24 N b. 11 N c. 8 N d. 5 N e. 3 N

a

85. In the absence of air friction, the horizontal component of a projectile's velocity doesn't change as the projectile moves. a. always true b. sometimes true c. always false

a

94. A ball is thrown straight upward at 40 m/s. Ideally (no air resistance) the ball will return to the thrower's hand with a velocity of a. -40 m/s b. -20 m/s c. -10 m/s d. 0 m/s e. there's not enough information to say

a

11. Suppose an object is in free fall. Each second the object falls a. the same distance as in the second before. b. a larger distance than in the second before. c. with the same instantaneous speed. d. with the same average speed. e. none of the above

b

13. Consider drops of water leaking from a water faucet. As the drops fall they a. remain at a relatively fixed distance from each other. b. get farther apart. c. get closer together.

b

14. A ball is thrown into the air. At the highest point, the ball has zero velocity and zero acceleration. a) true b) false

b

100. A quantity that has only magnitude is called a vector.

f

99. A quantity that has both magnitude and direction is called a scalar.

f

18. Suppose a car is moving in a straight line and steadily increases its speed. It moves from 30 km/h to 40 km/h the first second and from 40 km/h to 50 km/h the next second. What is the car's acceleration? a. 5 km/h·s b. 10 km/h·s c. 35 km/h·s d. 40 km/h·s e. 45 km/h·s

b

23. If a freely falling object were somehow equipped with a speedometer, its speed reading would increase each second by a. about 5 m/s. b. about 10 m/s. c. about 15 m/s. d. a variable amount. e. a rate that depends on its initial speed.

b

24. Average speed is defined as the time it takes for a trip divided by the distance. a) true b) false

b

25. A freely falling object starts from rest. After falling for 3 seconds, it will have a speed of about a. 6 m/s. b. 30 m/s. c. 60 m/s. d. 300 m/s. e. more than 300 m/s.

b

48. While driving a car, it is possible to make a turn without accelerating if you keep the speed constant while turning. a) true b) false

b

49. Two balls that are exactly the same size and shape. One ball is made out of aluminum and has a mass of a 0.5 kg. The other one is made out of uranium (its covered with lead so that no radiation leaks out) and has a mass of a 6.0 kg. If they are released at the same instant from the same height of 20 m they will reach the ground at a) the same time but with different speeds b) the same time with the same speeds c) different times but with the same speeds d) different times and with different speeds

b

50. If a body has an acceleration of -3 m/s/s, it MUST be slowing down. a) true b) false

b

55. If a projectile is fired straight up at a speed of 20 m/s, the time it takes to reach the top of its path is about a) 1 s b) 2 s c) 5 s d) 10 s e) not enough information

b

6. A unit of acceleration is meters per second. a) true b) false

b

62. If an object falls with constant acceleration, the velocity of the object must a) be constant also b) continually change by the same amount each second c) continually change by varying amounts depending on its speed d) continually decrease e) none of these

b

63. It takes 5 s for a stone to fall to the bottom of a mineshaft. How deep is the shaft? a) about 60 m b) about 125 m c) about 180 m d) more than 200 m

b

65. When a rock thrown straight upwards gets to the exact top of its path, its a) velocity is zero, and its acceleration is zero b) velocity is zero, and its acceleration is about -10 m/s/s c) velocity is about 10 m/s and its acceleration is zero d) velocity is about 10 m/s and its acceleration is about -10 m/s/s e) none of these

b

69. Drop a rock from a 5 m height and it accelerates at -10 m/s/s and strikes the ground 1 s later. Drop the same rock from a height of 10 m and its acceleration of the fall is a) about half b) the same c) more

b

7. A car starts from rest and after 10 seconds it is moving at 42 m/s. What is the car's average acceleration? a. 0.42 m/s/s b. 4.2 m/s/s c. 42 m/s/s d. 0 m/s/s e. none of the above

b

70. A ball is thrown upwards and caught when it comes back down. In the presence of air resistance, the speed with which it is caught is a) more than the speed it had when thrown upwards b) less than the speed it had when thrown upwards c) the same as the speed it had when thrown upwards.

b

76. Mr. Hill is very upset with Mr. Vining and he picks Mr. Vining up and throws him into the air. What can be said about Mr. Vining's acceleration after Mr. Hill releases him and before he hits the ground? a) Mr. Vining's acceleration is always zero b) Mr. Vining's acceleration is always about -10 m/s/s c) Mr. Vining's acceleration is about -10 m/s/s on the way up, zero at the top and about 10 m/s/s on the way down. d) Mr. Vining's acceleration is about 10 m/s/s on the way up, zero at the top and about - 10 m/s/s on the way down. e) Mr. Vining's acceleration is always about 10 m/s/s

b

77. A vector is a quantity that has a. magnitude and time b. magnitude and direction c. time and direction

b

81. A bullet fired horizontally hits the ground in 1.0 seconds. If it had been fired with a much higher speed in the same direction, it would have hit the ground (neglecting the Earth's curvature and air resistance) in a. less than 1 s b. the same time 1s c. more than 1 s

b

83. Which of the following would NOT be considered a projectile? a. a cannonball thrown through the air b. a cannonball rolling down a slope c. a cannonball thrown straight up d. a cannonball rolling off the edge of a table

b

87. A cannonball is fired at some angle into the air. In the first second it moves 10 meters horizontally. Assuming it doesn't hit the ground and there is no air resistance, how far does it move horizontally in the next second? a. more than 10 m b. 10 m c. less than 10 m d. there's not enough information to say

b

88. A ball is thrown into the air at some angle. At the very top of the ball's path, its velocity is a. entirely vertical b. entirely horizontal c. both vertical and horizontal d. there's not enough information given to determine

b

92. Which of the following is NOT a vector quantity? a. 5 N down b. 5 m/s c. 5 m/s East d. -10 m/s/s e. all of the above are vectors

b

95. An object is dropped and falls freely to the ground with an acceleration of -9.8 m/s/s. If it is thrown upward at an angle instead, its acceleration after it is thrown would be a. 0 m/s/s b. -9.8 m/s/s c. 9.8 m/s/s d. larger than 9.8 m/s/s e. none of the above

b

10. A ball is thrown upwards and caught when it comes back down. In the absence of air resistance, the speed of the ball the instant before it is caught would be a. less than the speed it had when thrown upwards. b. more than the speed it had when thrown upwards. c. the same as the speed it had when thrown upwards.

c

12. If you drop a feather and a coin at the same time in a tube filled with air, which will reach the bottom of the tube first? a. The feather b. Neither—they will both reach the bottom at the same time. c. The coin

c

17. Suppose you take a trip that covers 150 km and takes 5 hours to make. Your average speed is a. 3 km/h. b. 15 km/h. c. 30 km/h. d. 75 km/h. e. 750 km/h.

c

20. A ball is thrown straight up. At the top of its path its acceleration is a. 0 m/s/s. b. about 5 m/s/s. c. about 10 m/s/s. d. about 20 m/s/s. e. about 50 m/s/s.

c

21. When something falls to the ground, it accelerates. This acceleration is called the acceleration due to gravity and is symbolized by the letter g. What is the value of g on Earth's surface? a. 0 m/s/s b. about 5 m/s/s c. about 10 m/s/s d. about 20 m/s/s e. about 50 m/s/s s2

c

22. A car accelerates at 1 m/s/s. Assuming the car starts from rest, how much time does it need to accelerate to a speed of 20 m/s? a. 2 seconds b. 10 seconds c. 20 seconds d. 40 seconds e. none of the above

c

26. A freely falling object starts from rest. After falling for 2 second, it will have a speed of about a. 5 m/s. b. 10 m/s. c. 20 m/s. d. 40 m/s. e. none of the above

c

29. The vertical height attained by a basketball player who achieves a hang time of a full one second is about a. 0.8 m. b. 1 m. c. 1.2 m. d. 2.5 m. e. more than 2.5 m.

c

38. Which one of the following statements correctly describes the motion of an object depicted by the position vs. time graph below? *graph is a constant/linear/positive line a) The object has non-uniform motion b) The object has constant non-zero acceleration c) The object has constant velocity d) The object has an increasing acceleration e) The object has increasing velocity

c

39. On a position vs. time graph, the slope of the line represents the ___________ a. position b. time c. velocity d. acceleration e. displacement

c

43. The acceleration due to gravity on earth is approximately a) -1.0 m/s/s b) -1.0 m/s c) -10 m/s/s d) -10 m/s e) -10 km/s/s

c

44. The position vs. time graph below represents the relationship between distance and time for an object moving in a straight line. According to the graph, the object is *slope is constantly increasing/graph is positive a) motionless b) moving at a constant speed c) accelerating d) decelerating

c

5. Suppose you are in a car that is going around a curve. The speedometer reads a constant 30 miles per hour. Which of the following is NOT true? a. You and the car are accelerating. b. Your acceleration is constantly changing. c. Your velocity is constant. d. Your direction is constantly changing. e. Your speed is constant.

c

54. A radar transmitter sends out a pulse that is reflected from the moon's surface. The signal returns 3.0 s after it is sent ( i.e. it goes there and back ). What is the best estimate of the moon's distance from the earth if light travels at 3.0x10^8 m/s? a) 0.55x10^8 m b) 1.1x10^8 m c) 4.5x10^8 m d) 8.1x10^8 m e) 18x10^8 m

c

57. A car accelerates from rest at 2 meters per second per second. What is its speed 2 seconds after the car starts moving? a) 2 m/s b) 3 m/s c) 4 m/s d) 6 m/s e) none of these

c

59. Starting from rest, the distance a freely falling object will fall in 5 seconds is about a) 10 m b) 50 m c) 125 m d) 500 m e) 1000 m

c

66. A ball is thrown upwards and caught when it comes back down. Neglecting air resistance, its speed when caught is a) more than the speed it had when thrown upwards b) less than the speed it had when thrown upwards c) the same speed it had when thrown upwards

c

68. The two measurements necessary for calculating average speed are a) acceleration and time c) distance and time b) velocity and time d) distance and acceleration

c

71. If a car increases its velocity from zero to 60 km/h in 5 seconds, it acceleration is a) 3 km/h/s b) 6 km/h/s c) 12 km/h/s d) 60 km/h/s e) 600 km/h/s

c

75. A bullet is dropped from the top of the Empire State Building while another bullet is fired downward and is out of the gun from the same location. Neglecting air resistance, acceleration is greatest for the a) fired bullet b) dropped bullet c) neither it's -10 m/s/s for each and both are in motion

c

84. In the absence of air friction, the vertical component of a projectile's velocity doesn't change as the projectile moves. a. always true b. sometimes true c. always false

c

86. At the instant a ball is thrown horizontally with a large force, an identical ball is dropped from the same height. Which ball hits the ground first? a. the horizontally thrown ball b. the dropped ball c. neither-they both hit the ground at the same time

c

89 In the absence of air resistance, the angle at which a thrown ball will go the farthest is a. 75 degrees b. 60 degrees c. 45 degrees d. 30 degrees e. 15 degrees

c

9. In the absence of air resistance, objects fall at constant a. speed. b. velocity. c. acceleration. d. distances each successive second. e. all of the above

c

91 At what part of a path does a projectile have minimum speed? a. when it is thrown b. half-way to the top c. at the top of its path d. when it returns to the ground e. there's not enough information to say

c

97. A rifle with a muzzle velocity of 100 m/s is fired horizontally from a tower. Neglecting air resistance, where will the bullet be 2 second later? a. 50 m downrange b. 98 m downrange c. 200 m downrange d. 490 m downrange e. none of the above

c

98 After a rock that is thrown straight up reaches the top of its path and is starting to fall back down, its acceleration is (neglect air resistance) a. greater than when it was at the top of its path b. less than when it was at the top of its path c. the same as when it was at the top of its path

c

1. Speed is a. a measure of how fast something is moving. b. always measured in terms of a unit of distance divided by a unit of time. c. the distance covered per unit time. d. all of the above. e. none of the above.

d

3. When you look at the speedometer in a moving car, you can see the car's a. average distance traveled. b. instantaneous acceleration. c. average speed. d. instantaneous speed. e. average acceleration.

d

33. Which of the following is NOT an acceleration unit? a) m/s/s b) (km/h)/s c) (m/s)/s d) km/s (km/h)/h

d

35. *I can't upload images, but this question is easy anyways (answer is d) Consider the following graph. The average speed is greatest during which time interval a) 0s - 2s b) 2s - 6s c) 6s - 8s d) 8s - 10s e) 10s - 14s

d

4. Acceleration is defined as the CHANGE in a. time it takes to move from one place to another place. b. velocity of an object. c. distance divided by the time interval. d. velocity divided by the time interval. e. time it takes to move from one speed to another speed.

d

47. An object is released from a height of 110 m. Which one of the following best represents the displacement of the object 2.0 s after it falls freely from rest? (g = -10. m/s/s) a) -1.0 m b) -2.5 m c) -5.0 m d) -10. m e) -20. m

d

61. A ball tossed vertically upward rises, reaches its highest point, and then falls back to its starting point. During this time the acceleration of the ball is always a) in the direction of the motion b) opposite its velocity c) directed upward d) directed downward e) zero

d

72. An apple falls from a tree and hits the ground 20 m below. It hits the ground with a speed of about a) 5 m/s b) 10 m/s c) 15 m/s d) 20 m/s e) not enough information

d

74. If a freely falling object were somehow equipped with a speedometer on a planet where the acceleration due to gravity is 40 m/s/s, then its speed reading would increase each second by a) 10 m/s b) 20 m/s c) 40 m/s d) 40 m/s /s e) depends on initial speed

d

90 A ball thrown in the air will never go as far as physics ideally would predict because a. one can never throw the ball fast enough b. gravity is acting c. ideally the ball would never land d. air friction slows the ball e. all of the above

d

93. Using the Pythagorean theorem, the resultant of a 6-N force in the Y-direction and a 8-N force in the X-direction is a. 100 N b. 48 N c. 14 N d. 10 N e. 2 N

d

96. A ball is hurled into the air at an angle of 10 degrees and lands on a target that is at the same level as that where the ball started. The ball will also land on the target if it is thrown at an angle of a. 50 degrees b. 60 degrees c. 70 degrees d. 80 degrees e. none of the above

d

16. When a basketball player jumps to make a shot, once the feet are off the floor, the jumper's acceleration a. varies with body orientation. b. depends on launch speed. c. is usually greater for taller players (but not always). d. depends on all the above. e. is g; no more, no less.

e

30. Suppose a jumper claims a hang time of 2 seconds. Then that jumper must be able to jump a vertical distance of a. 1 m. b. 2 m. c. 3 m. d. 4 m. e. 5 m.

e

40. Mr. Vining sees Mr. Hill under his balcony. Mr. Vining drops a water balloon that falls freely for 3 seconds before striking Mr. Hill on the head and getting him soaking wet. How far did the balloon travel before striking Mr. Hill? a) 5.0 m b) 10 m c) 15 m d) 20 m e) 45 m

e

41. A body falls freely from rest near the surface of the earth. The distance the object falls in 4 seconds is a) - 5.0 m b) -10 m c) -20 m d) -30 m e) -80 m

e

45. The average velocity of an object is 4.0 meters per second for 6.0 seconds. What is the total distance traveled by the object? a) 1/3 m b) 3 m c) 6 m d) 12 m e) 24 m

e

53. Starting from rest, an object rolls freely down an incline that is 5 meters long in 1 seconds. The acceleration of the object is approximately a) 5 m/s b) 10 m/s c) 2.5 m/s/s d) 5 m/s/s e) 10 m/s/s

e