Physics Pt 2
Which has the greater density?
Both the same
Which is the smallest particle?
Quark
When waves from a pair of closely-spaced slits arrive in phase
a bright fringe is produced.
When waves from a pair of closely-spaced slits arrive out of phase
a dark fringe is produced.
A galvanometer indicates
a flow of electrons
Human damage is usually highest for radiation by
alpha particles.
The image in a pinhole camera is
always inverted
The superposition of identical waves affects
amplitude
Rapid change of a magnetic field induces
an electric field
Surrounding every stationary electron is
an electric field
A force that determines the chemical properties of an atom is
an electrical force.
A current-carrying coil of wire is
an electromagnet
Diffraction is least when illumination is with
an electron beam
When an electron passes through the magnetic field of a horseshoe magnet, the electron's
direction is changed.
The type of lens that spreads parallel light is a
diverging lens
When an object is partly or wholly immersed in a liquid, it is buoyed up
by a force equal to the weight of liquid displaced.
Electromagnetism unites
electricity and magnetism
Induced electric and magnetic fields result in
electromagnetic waves
A nucleon has a mass of about
both are the same.
A fish normally displaces its own
both of these
A force field is induced in any region of space in which
both of these
A semiconductor can be
both of these
Magnetism is due to the motion of electrons as they
both of these
No net force acts on a loop of wire in a magnetic field when
both of these
In an electrically neutral atom the number of protons in the nucleus is equal to the number of
electrons that surround the nucleus.
Once an alpha particle is outside the nucleus it is
electrostatically repelled.
When taking a photo of a nearby flower, your camera lens should be set
farther than one focal length from the photosensitive surface.
While standing, your blood pressure is normally greatest in your
feet
Chromatic aberration is absent in
front surface plane mirrors.
The inversion of your image in a plane mirror is actually an inversion of
front-back.
A mirage occurs for road surfaces that are most often
hot
The frequency of induced voltage in a wire coil depends on
how frequently a magnet dips in and out of the coil.
Which of these expands when the temperature is lowered?
ice water
If a pizza absorbs more energy than it emits, its temperature
increases
When a light beam emerges from water into air, light speed
increases
If you drop a bar magnet in a vertical copper pipe it will fall slowly because
it induces a magnetic field in the pipe that resists motion of the magnet.
A person floats higher in the dense water of the Dead Sea because
less volume of water is displaced.
Electromagnetic induction occurs in a coil when there is a change in
magnetic field intensity in the coil.
The end of a compass needle that points to the south pole of a magnet is the
north pole.
If electrons are stripped from an atom it becomes a
positive ion.
Heavier atoms are not proportionally larger than lighter atoms due to the greater number of protons
pulling surrounding electrons into tighter shells.
Electric forces within an atomic nucleus tend to
push it apart
When the distance between two charges is halved, the electrical force between them
quadruples
A photovoltaic cell receives energy input by
radiation
The strength of an induced electric or magnetic field depends on
rate of change of the induced field.
The critical angle for a transparent material is the angle at and beyond which all light within the material at its upper surface is
reflected
Fermat's principle could be the principle of least distance for
reflection
When a colored light in air shines on water and is refracted, its wavelength
shortens
When light passes through common windowpane, its angle of emergence is
the same as its angle of incidence.
Compared to the diameter of a zirconium atom (A = 40), the diameter of a mercury atom (A = is approximately
the same size.
Compared to a bar of pure gold, the density of a pure gold ring is
the same.
Compared to the density of water, the density of a fish is
the same.
Particle A has twice the charge of nearby particle B. Compared to the force on Particle A, the force on Particle B is
the same.
The electric field between oppositely-charged parallel plates is
uniform
When light is refracted, there is a change in its
wavelength
Compared to the mass of a hydrogen atom, the mass of an oxygen atom is
16 times as great.
Ninety percent of light incident on a certain piece of glass passes through it. How much light passes through two pieces of this glass?
81%
The metal detectors that people walk through at airports operate via
Faraday's law.
Energy transferred by conversion is primarily restricted to
Fluids
A pair of hydrogen nuclei fused together produces
Helium
One neutron added to a helium nucleus results in
Helium
Which of the following is an inert gas?
Helium
If a poor absorber of radiation were a good emitter, it's temperature would be
Less than its surrounding
A balloon will stick to a wooden wall if the balloon is charged
MAYBE either of these
The force that binds atoms together to form molecules is
MAYBE electrical
A conductor differs from an insulator in that a conductor has more
MAYBE: electrons than protons
An element will decay to an element with higher atomic number in the periodic table if it emits
a beta particle.
When you view color in a soap film with sunlight in back of you, a friend on the other side of the soap film likely sees
a different color
For viewing tiny objects in a microscope, diffraction is
a hindrance.
Electromagnetic induction is employed in
all the above
A single raindrop illuminated by sunshine disperses
all the colors of the rainbow.
In a smoke detector americium (A = 95) transmutes to neptunium (A = 93) by
alpha emission.
Which experiences the greatest electrical force in an electric field?
alpha particle
When water at 4°C is heated it expands. If it is instead cooled it will
also expand.
When voltage is induced in a coil of wire, current is
also induced.
When current reverses direction in a wire, the surrounding magnetic field
also reverses direction.
When a light ray in air enters water at 15° from the normal, it
always bends toward the normal.
The function of polarizing filters in viewing 3-D slides or movies is to provide each eye
an independent left or right-eye view.
Secondary wavelets spread from a wave with
an unchanging speed
Nuclei of atoms that make up a newborn baby were manufactured in
ancient stars
The vibrational direction of an electron and the plane of polarization of the light it emits
are the same.
Interference effects are less visible for thick films because the reflected waves
are too displaced to interfere.
Radioactivity in the world is something
as old as the world itself
If an astronaut landed on a planet composed of antimatter, there would be an explosion and the
astronaut and an equal amount of planet antimatter would both annihilate.
Light travels through non-cubic transparent crystals
at different speeds along different optic axes.
In general, a common magnet has
at least two poles
The polarization axes of glasses for 3-D viewing are
at right angles to each other.
The direction of the force exerted on a moving charge in a magnetic field is
at right angles to the direction of the motion.
In a converging lens, objects infinitely far away are focused
at the focal point.
A swimmer cannot snorkel more than a meter deep because air
at the surface will not freely enter the higher-pressure region in the compressed lungs.
In drinking soda or water through a straw, we make use of
atmospheric pressure.
Like kinds of magnetic poles repel while unlike kinds of magnetic poles
attract
The pair of protons in the nucleus of a helium atom
attract a pair of orbiting electrons.
An electron and a proton
attract each other
Nuclear stability is related to the balance between
attracting and repelling forces in the nucleus.
When a current-carrying wire is bent into a loop, its magnetic field inside the loop
becomes concentrated.
An uncharged pith ball is suspended by a nylon fiber. When a negatively-charged rubber rod is brought near the pith ball, without touching, the ball
becomes polarized.
Consider a metal ring with a gap cut in it. When the ring is heated, the gap
becomes wider.
According to Huygens' principle, every point on a wave
behaves as a source of new waves.
When spearing a fish with a regular spear, to compensate for refraction, throw your spear
below the sighted fish.
When a light ray passes at a non-90° angle from water into air, it
bends away from the normal.
A liter of cold water will warm faster in sunlight in a
black pot
A liter of hot water will cool to room temperature faster in a
black pot.
Both black and white road surfaces absorb sunlight. The warmer road surface at the end of a sunny day is the
black surface.
Newton's rings will be closer together if illuminated with
blue light.
Stephanie dips a glass rod into vegetable oil. The submerged part of the rod can't be seen because
both the oil and glass have the same index of refraction.
Which has the greater density?
both the same
Water pressure on a submerged object is greatest against its
bottom.
When the tiny hole in a pinhole camera is made larger, the image is
brighter but less clear.
A device that shows the bending of particle trails in liquid hydrogen is a
bubble chamber.
If the part of an iceberg that extends above the water were suddenly removed, the
buoyant force on the iceberg would decrease.
Because of trapped air inside, snow is a
both a good insulator and a poor conductor.
Electric charge distributes itself on conducting surfaces
both of the above
A current-carrying wire in a magnetic field
both of these
A fundamental rule of electricity is that
both of these
A galvanometer can be calibrated to measure
both of these
A mirage occurs when light travels faster
both of these
Although a magnet can change the direction of travel of an electron beam, it cannot change its
both of these
An electron beam directed through a magnetic field
both of these
As monochromatic light passes from air to glass and back to air, changes occur in its
both of these
Diffraction is evident when a wave passes
both of these
Every isolated proton in the universe is surrounded by its own
both of these
Faraday's law was extended by Maxwell toward
both of these
Fermat's principle applies to
both of these
Heat energy is measured in units of
both of these
Huygens' principle applies mainly to
both of these
Ice crystals in nearly frozen liquid water make up a
both of these
Interference colors in a soap bubble is evidence that the soap film
both of these
Normally a small party balloon charged to several thousand volts will have a relatively small amount of
both of these
Pascal's principle applies to
both of these
Pure elements can be transformed into entirely different elements by
both of these
Rainbows exist because light is
both of these
Surrounding every moving electron is
both of these
The Sun's elliptical shape at sunset can be adequately explained by
both of these
The difficulty of taking a photograph of an atom with light is
both of these
The electrical force between electric charges depends only on their
both of these
The force that acts between a pair of electrically-charged particles depends on
both of these
The force that acts between a pair of magnetic poles depends on
both of these
The helium in a child's balloon is composed of
both of these
The pressure in a liquid depends on liquid
both of these
Translational motion is characterized by
both of these
When sunlight illuminates a page from your Conceptual Physics book it
both of these
Which force field can accelerate an electron?
both of these
Which is heated in its interior by nuclear processes?
both of these
Electrostatics is a branch of electricity that focuses on
both of these when static.
When an element undergoes nuclear transmutation, the result is a completely different
element
Some charged particles in a bubble chamber are seen to move in spirals due to
energy dissipation.
In a hydraulic-press operation, it is impossible for the
energy output to exceed the energy input.
Lillian safely touches a 100,000-volt Van de Graaff generator. Although the voltage is high, the relatively small amount of charge means a relatively small amount of
energy transfer.
Object and image for a plane mirror occur
equal distances from the mirror.
When you float in fresh water, the buoyant force that acts on you is equal to your weight. When you float higher in the denser water of the Dead Sea, the buoyant force that acts on you is
equal to your weight.
Compared to the huge force that attracts an iron tack to a strong magnet, the force that the tack exerts on the magnet is
equally huge.
Magnet A has twice the magnetic field strength of Magnet B and at a certain distance pulls on magnet B with a force of 100 N. The amount of force that magnet A exerts on magnet B is
exactly 100 N.
Consider some water at 6°C. For a slight increase its temperature the water will
expand
When most substances are heated, molecules inside move faster and take up more space, resulting in thermal
expansion
Soaring birds and glider pilots can remain aloft for hours without expending power, due to
convection
You can safely hold your fingers on both sides of a candle flame due mainly to
convection
A "burning glass" used to concentrate sunlight in a tiny spot is a
converging lens.
The type of lens that brings parallel light rays together is a
converging lens.
A region of expanding air tends to
cool
Aluminum has a specific heat capacity more than twice that of copper. Place equal masses of aluminum and copper wire in a flame and the one to undergo the fastest increase in temperature will be
copper
Carbon-14 is produced in the atmosphere principally by
cosmic-ray bombardment.
Cosmic rays originate in the
cosmos
The metal in a chunk of copper or iron is composed of
crystals
A pinhole cameras has no lens. The tiny pinhole opening insures that rays of light from different parts of an object
don't overlap.
Stars twinkle when seen from Earth. When seen by an astronaut on the Moon, stars
don't twinkle.
When a gas in a container is squeezed to half its volume, its density
doubles
Plane waves incident upon a barrier that pass through a small opening
fan out
A fish above the surface of water will see better in air if it has goggles that are
filled with water.
The concept of pressure involves both
force and area
When you touch a hot potato with your finger, energy flows
from the potato to your finger.
When you touch a cold piece of ice with your finger, energy flows
from your finger to the ice.
To become a negative ion, an atom must
gain of an electron
Which radiation has no association with electric charge?
gamma
Which experiences the least electrical force in an electric field?
gamma ray
Which of these will penetrate into lead?
gamma ray
Which wavelengths are shortest?
gamma ray
Which will NOT bend when moving in a magnetic field?
gamma ray
X-rays are similar to
gamma rays
Sara lies on a bed of sharp nails without harm because
her weight is distributed over hundreds of nails.
The electrical force is stronger between the nucleus and an inner electron for atoms of
high atomic number.
X-rays may be correctly regarded as
high frequency radio waves
Magnification is greater with a lens having a
high index of refraction
Light travels slower in a lens having a
high index of refraction.
A substance that heats up relatively slowly has a
high specific heat capacity
When a boat sails from fresh water to salt water, the boat will float
higher in the water.
Compared to a giant iceberg, a hot cup of coffee has
higher temperature, but less internal energy.
Rays with the shortest wavelengths have the
highest frequencies and energies
The glare seen from water is largely
horizontally polarized
A pair of crossed Polaroids will transmit light
if a third Polaroid at about 45 degrees is inserted between the two
The solar constant is the
input of solar energy per square meter atop Earth's atmosphere
Generally speaking, the larger a nucleus is, the greater its
instability
Colors seen when gasoline forms a thin film on water illustrate
interference
Diffraction is most closely related to
interference
Iridescent colors in the pearly luster of an abalone shell are due to
interference
Newton's rings illustrate
interference
An electrically charged atom is an
ion
Magnetic domains normally occur in
iron
It is said that electric charge is quantized, which means that the charge on an object
is a whole-number multiple of the charge of one electron.
Ice has a lower density than water because ice
is composed of open-structured crystals
The volume of water displaced by a floating 20-ton boat
is the volume of 20 tons of water.
To say that an object becomes electrically polarized means that
its charges have been rearranged
Wood does not have magnetic properties because it contains no
magnetic domains.
Into which stable force field can a proton be placed at rest without being acted upon by a force?
magnetic field
Surrounding every magnet is
magnetic field
Pigeons navigate primarily by
magnetic sensors in their heads
A compass needle in a magnetic field
may experience a pair of torques.
Which of the following statements is true? a. molecules form atoms that determine chemical properties of a substance b. chemical elements are made up of about 100 distinct molecules c. a molecule is the smallest existing particle d. molecules are the smallest subdivision of matter that still retain a substance's chemical properties e. none of the above
molecules are the smallest subdivision of matter that still retain a substance's chemical properties
A razor blade nicely shows diffraction fringes when illuminated with
monochromatic light.
Compared to the density of a kilogram of feathers, the density of a kilogram of lead is
more
Alcohol is less dense than water. If alcohol is used to make a barometer at normal atmospheric pressure, the height of the alcohol column would be
more than 10.3 m.
At night an underwater scuba diver aims a flashlight beam toward the surface at 15° to the normal. Upon emerging into the air, the beam angle will be
more than 15°.
About what percentage of molecules in the air make up the atmosphere below a 6-kilometer altitude?
more than 50%
The natural background radiation we personally encounter is
more than half.
A granite block is mostly empty space because the atoms in the granite are
mostly empty space themselves.
An uncharged pith ball is suspended by a nylon fiber. When a positively-charged rubber rod is brought nearby, the pith ball
moves toward the rod.
The source of all magnetism is
moving electric charge
A 5-N block of wood is difficult to fully submerge in a pool of mercury because the buoyant force on the block when submerged is
much more than 5 N.
Much of the charge on a conducting cube is
mutually repelled toward its corners.
A person who sees more clearly under water without eyeglasses or a facemask is
nearsighted
If you comb your hair and the comb becomes positively charged, then your hair becomes
negatively charged
Rub electrons from your hair with a comb and the comb becomes
negatively charged
A positively-charged rod is held near an aluminum can that rests on a dry wood table. If you momentarily touch the opposite side of the can with your finger, the can becomes
negatively charged.
The sources of both X-rays and gamma rays are
neither of these
To say that electric charge is conserved means that no case has ever been found where
net charge has been created or destroyed.
Which of these does NOT have an electrical charge?
neutron
Which of the following are electrically neutral?
neutrons
There is a greater proportion of carbon-14 in
new bones
If a nitrogen atom and a slightly heavier oxygen atom have equal kinetic energies, which has the greater average speed?
nitrogen
A current-carrying loop of wire experiences no tendency to rotate in a magnetic field when
no field lines pass through the loop.
A magnetic field is applied to a cloud chamber for the purpose of
none of the above
Imagine a single charge q placed on one corner of a square, and that the electric field at the center of the square is F/q. If additional equal charges are placed on the other three corners, the electric field at the center of the square due to these four equal charges is
none of the above
The electric field around an isolated electron has a certain strength 1 cm from the electron. The electric field strength 2 cm from the electron is
none of the above
The electric field inside the dome of a Van de Graaff generator depends on the
none of the above
The half-life of a radioactive substance is affected by
none of the above
The production of interference colors requires
none of the above
When light reflects from a surface, there is a change in its
none of the above
Light emitted by the Sun is
nonpolarized
An inventor proposes to equip an office with a polarized source of background music and polarizing earplugs for non-listeners. His idea is
nonsense because sound cannot be polarized.
Several paper clips dangle from the north pole of a magnet. The induced pole in the bottom of the lowermost paper clip is a
north pole.
The conventional direction of magnetic field lines outside a magnet are from
north to south.
Which is the strongest fundamental force?
nuclear strong force.
The secondary rainbow is dimmer than the primary rainbow mainly because
of an extra reflection and refraction in the drops.
Although solid matter is mostly empty space, we don't fall through the floor because
of electrical forces.
If you cover half a camera lens with opaque tape, the images produced will be
only dimmer.
A uranium atom is 238 times as massive as a hydrogen atom. Compared with the diameter of a hydrogen atom, uranium's size is
only slightly larger.
Alpha particles and beta particles are deflected by a magnetic field in
opposite directions.
Two charged particles held a certain distance apart are released. As they move, the force on each particle increases. Therefore, their charges have
opposite signs.
The number of protons in a neutral atom is balanced by an equal number of
orbital electrons
Carbon dating requires that the object being tested contain
organic material.
If a nitrogen atom and a slightly heavier oxygen atom have equal average speeds, which has the greater kinetic energy?
oxygen
A beam of electrons can pass through a magnetic field without being deflected if the direction of the beam is
parallel to the field lines.
Brownian motion is caused by
particles larger than atoms bumping into them
The buoyant force on an object is least when the object is
partly submerged.
Light will NOT pass through a pair of Polaroids when their axes are
perpendicular
The induced electric and magnetic fields of Maxwell are
perpendicular to each other.
A beam of electrons passing through a magnetic field experiences maximum deflection if the direction of the beam is
perpendicular to the field lines.
The planet Earth loses heat primarily by
radiation
A rough surface for infrared waves may be polished for
radio waves.
The high temperature of Earth's interior is mainly due to
radioactive processes.
The main source of Earth's natural heat is
radioactivity in Earth's interior
Radiation dosage is commonly measured in
rads
When a pulse of white light is incident on a glass prism, the first color to emerge is
red
The average speed of light is greatest in
red glass
A spinning tossed baseball veers off course in the direction of
reduced air pressure on the ball.
Which device is used primarily to detect nuclear radiation?
scintillation counter
Consider the interference colors in a film of gasoline on a wet street. The water provides a
second reflecting surface.
A transistor is an example of a
semiconductor
When long-wavelength light is seen in the interference colors of a soap bubble, the wavelength being cancelled is relatively
short
Refrigerator magnets are typically
short range
The refraction of light in a diamond is greater for
short-wavelength light.
If the specific heat capacity of water were lower than it is, a nice hot bath would be a
shorter experience.
Reflected light from the Moon in a lake often appears as a vertical column when the water is
slightly rough.
The fanning out of waves upon passing through an opening is more pronounced through
small openings.
The specific heat capacity is highest for substances that absorb or release large quantities of heat for correspondingly
small temperature changes.
To multiply an applied force while using a simple hydraulic lift, your force should be applied to the
small-diameter piston.
Compared to the average size of a hydrogen atom, the average size of a helium atom is
smaller.
Light refracts when traveling from air into glass because of a change in light's
speed
Refraction results from differences in light's
speed
Chromatic aberration is a consequence of different colors in a lens having different
speeds
As the number of loops in a current-carrying wire is increased, the
stronger the enclosed magnetic field.
A superconducting magnet uses
superconducting coils
The pressure at the bottom of a jug filled with water does NOT depend on
surface area of the water.
Heat normally flows from objects of high
temperature to objects of low temperature.
A closed, sealed can of air placed on a hot stove. The contained air undergoes an increase in
temperature.
The energy source responsible for molecular motions in Earth's atmosphere is
the Sun.
Most of the radioactivity we personally encounter originates from
the natural environment.
An iron rod becomes magnetic when
the net spins of many of its electrons are aligned.
The force on an electron moving in a magnetic field will be least when its direction is
the same as the magnetic field direction.
Two charged particles held a certain distance apart are released. As they move, the acceleration of each decreases. Therefore, their charges have
the same sign.
If a fish looks upward at 45° to a pond's water's surface, it will see
the sky and possibly some tall surroundings.
There are about as many atoms of air in our lungs at any moment as there are breaths of air in the atmosphere of
the whole world.
Consider two mercury barometers, one with twice the cross-sectional area of the other. Neglecting capillarity, compared with the wider tube, mercury in the smaller tube will rise
to the same height.
Light travels fastest in
to vacuum
Parallax is evident when you view objects
with both eyes
When you are beneath the surface of water and looking upward, light from above is seen
within a cone of 96°.
During a lightning strike you don't want to be inside a building framed with
wood
When a change occurs in the magnetic field in a closed loop of wire
all of the above
To see his full height, Blinky Bill who is 1 meter tall needs a mirror that is at least
0.50 m tall.
Approximately how much air is in a column 1-cm2 in cross section that extends from sea level to the top of the atmosphere?
1 kg
Which contains more atoms?
1 kg of hydrogen
The pascal is a pressure unit equal to
1 newton per square meter
Buoyant force is greater on a submerged
1-kg block of aluminum
The weight of air in a column 1-m2 in cross section that extends from sea level to the top of the atmosphere is
101,000 N.
A temperature difference of 10 Celsius degrees is also equal to a temperature difference of 10 on the
Kelvin scale.
At normal atmospheric pressure and temperature, 1 cubic meter of air has a mass of about
1.25 kg.
What approximate weight of air is in a column 1-cm2 in cross section that extends from sea level to the top of the atmosphere?
10 N
The buoyant force acting on a 10-ton ship floating in the ocean is
10 tons.
About how high can water at sea level be theoretically lifted by a vacuum pump?
10.3 m
The depth to which an inverted drinking glass must be pushed beneath the water surface to squeeze the enclosed air to half its volume is
10.3 m.
What is the weight of water displaced by a 100-ton floating ship?
100 tons
How many protons should be added to the nuclei of oxygen atoms so the resulting gas will glow red when an electric current is in it?
2
A diver shines light upward to the surface of a smooth pond at 20° to the normal. Most light passes into the air above while the part that reflects back into the water makes an angle to the normal of
20°.
You photograph the image of your little sister, who stands 2 meters in front of a plane mirror. Holding the camera beside her head, the distance to her image is
4 meters.
The amount of light reflected from the front surface of a common windowpane is about
4%
Before ice can form on a lake, all the water in the lake must be cooled to
4°C.
Ninety-five percent of light incident on a mirror is reflected. How much light is reflected when three of these mirrors are arranged so light reflects from one after the other?
86%
Radio waves that diffract more around small buildings are
AM.
A pair of helium nuclei fused together produces
Beryllium
Which of the following isotopes is radioactive?
Carbon-14
Magnetic compasses reportedly were first used for navigation by
Chinese sailors.
Atmospheric molecules do not fly off into outer space due to
Earth gravitation.
Solar winds headed in Earth's direction are deviated mainly by
Earth's magnetic field.
Biomagnetism has been detected in
NOT all of the above ( maybe wasps )
A proton and an electron are placed in an electric field. Which undergoes the greater acceleration?
NOT both accelerate equally.
The radioactive half-life of a material is the time for
NOT its decay rate to reduce to half.
The unit of electric charge, the coulomb, is the charge on a
NOT single electron.
Two protons added to an oxygen nucleus produce
Neon
If no molecular collisions occurred in a sample of gas, temperature of the gas would
be unaffected.
When you observe the applications of pistons in lifting operations you're seeing
Pascal's principle in action.
Some double-pane airplane windows darken when the inner pane is rotated. The panes are
Polaroid filters.
A substance with a height thermal inertia has a high
Specific heat capacity
Which of the following elements has the most mass?
Uranium
The first evidence confirming the crystal structure of matter was
X-ray diffraction patterns.
A block of wood and a block of copper will feel neither hot nor cold to the touch when they each have
Your temperature
Which of these is correct?
a piece of ice floats in water.
A good heat conductor is
a poor insulator
Which of the following can be projected onto a viewing screen?
a real image
The air in your room is composed of molecules that have
a wide variety of speeds.
Which are consequences of different speeds of light in different media?
all of the above
Which is a useful property of a prism?
all of the above
Superconductors are noted for their
absence of electric resistance
Objects that radiate relatively well
absorb radiation relatively well
The pupil of your eye is a net
absorber of radiant energy
The magnetic fields of a pair of nearby magnets can
add or subtract by vector rules.
A friend says that changing electric and magnetic fields underlie the production of light.
agree with your friend
In which material does light travel fastest?
air
When boarding an airplane you bring a bag of chips. While in flight the bag puffs up, because
air pressure in the air-tight bag is greater than cabin air pressure.
Magnetic fields are produced by
all moving electrical charges
A quark is a fundamental particle
all of the above
An atomic model of the atom is
all of the above
An aurora borealis high above the atmosphere is due to
all of the above
Archimedes' principle applies to
all of the above
Between a pair of equal and opposite charges, field lines are
all of the above
Compared to the ocean, Earth's atmosphere is different in that
all of the above
Cosmic rays penetrate your body when
all of the above
Electric shielding within a conductor is a consequence of
all of the above
Electrons can be transferred from one place to another by the process of
all of the above
Faraday's law underlies the operation of
all of the above
Interference is a property of
all of the above
Monochromatic light is light of a single
all of the above
Optical fibers are commonly used by
all of the above
Substances absorb heat energy by the process of
all of the above
Superposition of waves can produce
all of the above
The air in this room has
all of the above
The air in your classroom has
all of the above
The operation of a microwave oven makes use of
all of the above
To weaken a bar magnet
all of the above
Voltage can be induced in a wire by
all of the above
If a weighted air-filled balloon sinks in deep water, it will
be acted on by a continuously decreasing buoyant force.
A reason for electric shielding inside a conductor is that any free electrons inside would
be set in motion until equilibrium is established, on the outside.
It is said that electric charge is conserved, which means that electric charge
can be neither created nor destroyed.
In the atoms of most materials the fields of individual electrons
cancel one another.
Whereas electric charges can be isolated, magnetic poles
cannot
Two protons removed from an oxygen nucleus result in
carbon
An atomic mass unit (amu) is 1/12 the mass of
carbon atom
Refraction occurs when light passing from one medium to another
changes speed.
If you rub an inflated balloon against your hair and place the balloon against the wall it will stick to the wall, illustrating
charge polarization.
Magnetic field lines about a current-carrying wire
circle the wire in closed loops
The shape of a magnetic field surrounding a current-carrying conductor is
circular
The electrical force between charges is strongest when the charges are
close together.
Refraction causes the bottom of a swimming pool to appear
closer to the surface than it actually is.
Magnetic field strength about a magnet is strongest where magnetic field lines are
closer together.
A red-hot piece of coal will cool quicker in a
cold room.
The operation of a cloud chamber relies on
condensation
Successive bright fringes in an interference pattern result from
distance from the slits successively increasing one wavelength at a time.
The most harmful radiations are those that
damage living cells
When the nucleus of an atom emits an alpha particle, the atom's atomic number
decreases
When a nucleus emits a positron, its atomic number
decreases by 1
As a high-altitude balloon rises higher into the atmosphere, it undergoes a decrease in
density
If a loaf of bread is compressed its
density increases
The critical angle is least in
diamond
It is important that the two metals that compose a bimetallic strip have
different rates of expansion.
Light of different colors in a glass prism travel at
different speeds.
Standing at the shore of a still lake, the reflected view of scenery on the other side of the lake is the view you would see if you were upside down with your eye in the line of sight
directly beneath you, as far below water level as you are above.
The primary purpose of a lightning rod is to
discharge the structure to which it is attached
An iron nail is more strongly attracted to the
either of these
Light will pass through a pair of Polaroids when their axes are
either of these
The device that spreads light into its component colors in a spectroscope is a
either of these
Two charged particles held close to each other are released. As they move, their speeds increase. Therefore, their charges have
either of these
Heavy atoms are not appreciably larger in size than light atoms because the nuclei of heavy atoms have more
electric charge.
Which force field can increase a moving electron's speed?
electric field
Two protons attract each other gravitationally and repel each other electrically. The stronger of these two forces is
electrical
The crystals in matter are held together by
electrical bonding forces
Just as "gravity" is the study of a wide range of gravitational interactions, "electricity" is the study of a wide range of
electrical interactions.
Which is the lightest particle?
electron
The sources of X-rays are
electron clouds
The chemical properties of matter are due mostly to their
electrons
The volume of matter is due mostly to its
electrons
The element gold contains
gold atoms
A good absorber of radiation is a
good emitter of radiation
Compared with air pressure on the outside, air pressure inside an inflated stretched balloon is
greater
The shortest plane mirror in which you can see your entire image is
half your height.
When a gas in a container expands to twice its volume, its density
halves.
If a compass is moved from the Northern Hemisphere to the Southern Hemisphere, its magnetic needle will change direction
hardly at all
An isotope is simply an atom that
has different numbers of neutrons for the same element
Over geologic history the Earth's magnetic field
has reversed direction many times
If you thrust a magnet into a closed loop of wire, the loop will
have a current in it.
If you hold two objects that have the same weight density, then they
have equal mass densities.
If you break a bar magnet in half you'll
have two magnets
A bridge is more likely to be ice covered than the roadway on a cold day because
heat upwelling from the ground below is absent on a bridge.
For radio reception in city buildings, diffraction is
helpful
When a rainbow is seen as a complete circle from an airplane, the airplane's shadow is
in the center of the rainbow.
Light is reflected when
incident light is returned into the medium from which it came
Light from two closely-spaced stars cannot produce a steady interference pattern due to
incoherence
Place an iron rod inside a current-carrying coil of wire and you
increase the strength of the electromagnet.
A positive charge and a negative charge held a certain distance apart are released. As they move, the force on each particle
increases
If the temperature of a sample of water at 4°C is slightly increased, its volume
increases
When a volume of air is compressed, air temperature
increases
While Debbie Diver holds her breath and swims deeper and deeper beneath the water's surface, her density
increases.
Diffuse reflection occurs when the size of surface irregularities is
large compared to the wavelength of the light used.
When an iron ring is heated, the hole becomes
larger
All deposits of natural uranium contain appreciable amounts of
lead
The fate of the world's uranium supply is to eventually become
lead
Which of these has the greatest number of protons in its nucleus?
lead
A block of Styrofoam floats on water while a lead block of the same size block lies submerged in the water. The buoyant force is greatest on the
lead.
An iron block in a furnace is heated and consequently expands, which means that its density is
less
Compared to the volume of a kilogram of feathers, the volume of a kilogram of lead is
less
The amount of light from an incandescent lamp that is transmitted through an ideal Polaroid filter is half, and through a classroom Polaroid filter is
less than half.
According to the law of reflection, the incident light ray, the reflected light ray, and the normal between them
lie in the same plane.
For a pair of Polaroids with axes at 45 degrees to each other
light that passes is dimmer than for a parallel orientation
Diffraction from foghorns is best if the waves being diffracted are
long
Waves diffract the most when their wavelength is
long
One of water's interesting thermal properties is that when heated it takes a relatively
long time in changing temperature.
Magnification can be accomplished with a hologram when viewed with light that has a
longer wavelength than the original light.
Atmospheric refraction makes the daylight hours a bit
longer.
Conducting materials are composed of atoms with
loose outer electrons
Charge carriers in a metal are electrons rather than protons because electrons are
loosely bound.
Metals are good conductors of both heat and electricity due to
looseness of outer electrons in metal atoms.
To become a positive ion, an atom must
lose an electron
The fact that desert sand is very hot in the day and very cold at night is evidence that the specific heat capacity of sand is relatively
low
The reason you can walk barefoot on red-hot coals of wood without burning your feet mainly involves
low conductivity of the coals.
Superconductors most often require
low operating temperatures
A substance that cools down faster than others has a
low specific heat capacity.
In the double-slit experiment, fringes are more widely spaced when illumination is with monochromatic
low-frequency light.
Due to the presence of ice crystals in nearly frozen liquid water, the density of water is
lower
Compared to an empty ship, the same ship loaded with Styrofoam will float
lower in the water.
The force a magnetic field exerts on a current-carrying wire is maximum when the wire is oriented
perpendicular to the magnetic field.
The force exerted on an electron moving in a magnetic field is maximum when the electron moves
perpendicular to the magnetic field.
The index of refraction for crown glass, common in eyeglasses, is 1.52. The index of refraction of a particular plastic lens is 1.76. Light bends more in the
plastic lens.
Which of the following is a property of light waves and NOT of sound waves?
polarization
Before a thunder storm, clouds in the sky likely become
polarized
The intensity of cosmic rays bombarding the Earth's surface is most at the
poles
A good reflector of radiation is a
poor absorber of radiation
A negatively-charged rod is held near an aluminum can that rests on a dry wood table. If you momentarily touch the opposite side of the can with your finger, the can becomes
positively charged.
Buoyant force acts upward on a submerged object because
pressure against its bottom is greater than pressure against its top.
If a magnet produces a force on a current-carrying wire, the wire
produces a force on the magnet.
Earth's magnetic field is
protective to life on Earth.
Which of these has the greatest mass?
proton
A nucleon is either a
proton or a neutron.
An element is distinct because of its number of
protons
Atomic number refers to the number of
protons in the nucleus
A positive ion has more
protons than electrons
The Moon's redness during a lunar eclipse is due to
refracted light from Earth's sunrises and sunsets.
A mirage is a result of atmospheric
refraction
A person standing waist-deep in a swimming pool appears to have short legs because of light
refraction
The twinkling of the stars is a result of atmospheric
refraction
When a colored light in air shines on water and is refracted, its frequency
remains unchanged.
Radiation dosages based on potential damage is in
rems
A main difference between gravitational and electric forces is that electrical forces
repel or attract.
When a bar magnet is thrust into a coil of copper wire, the coil tends to
repel the magnet as it enters.
The lift experienced by Maglev trains is due to magnetic
repulsion
Magnetic field strength inside a current-carrying coil will be greater if the coil encloses a
rod of iron.
Buoyant force is greater on a submerged 1-cubic centimeter block of
same on each
Light of different colors in a vacuum travel at
same speed
Two life preservers have identical volumes, one filled with Styrofoam and the other filled with sand. When the two life preservers are worn by swimmers, one swimmer floats with part of the preserver above water, and the other swimmer sinks. In this case the buoyant force is greater on the life preserver filled with
sand
Free protons and neutrons are spewed throughout the atmosphere by
the bombardment of cosmic rays upon atoms.
When holes are drilled through the wall of a water tower, water will spurt out with the greatest speed from the hole closest to
the bottom of the tower.
In terms of thermal expansion it is important that
the fillings in your teeth expand at the same rate as teeth.
It is difficult to see the roadway when driving on a rainy night mainly because
the film of water on the roadway makes the road less diffuse.
Rainbows are not usually seen as complete circles because
the ground is usually in the way.
A beam of singly-charged ions entering a magnetic field are swept into circular paths. The wider paths are those of
the heavier ions.
The primary of a transformer is the coil connected to
the input power line.
If a fish in a pond looks upward at 50° to the normal, it will see
the pond's bottom.
If you view a rainbow out your window while riding in a train, you'll see that
the rainbow moves along with you.
Compared to the atoms that make up the body of an elderly person, the atoms that make up the body of a newborn baby are
the same age.
Which of the following statements is true?
there are only about 100 different kinds of atoms that combine to form all substances
A primary rainbow is brighter than a secondary rainbow because
there is one less reflection inside the water drops.
The fact that a thermometer "takes its own temperature" illustrates
thermal equilibrium.
The vast numbers of electrons in a coin don't fly off the surface because
they are attracted by an equal number of protons.
What is the total number of individual atoms in a water molecule?
three
Insulating materials are composed of atoms with
tightly bound outer electrons
Light travels from one place to another along a path of least
time
X-rays are emitted by way of
transitions within an atom's innermost electrons
Gamma rays are emitted by way of
transitions within the atomic nucleus
Polarization is a property of
transverse waves
Magnification by a lens would be greater if light
traveled slower in glass than it does.
In optical fibers of uniform density, light actually
travels in straight-line segments.
When a magnet is moved to and fro in a wire coil, voltage is induced. If the coil has twice as many loops, the voltage induced is
twice
If you walk towards a mirror at a certain speed, the relative speed between you and your image is
twice your speed.
How many different kinds of elements are in a water molecule?
two
The mass of an atomic nucleon is nearly
two thousand times that of an electron.
What can exist in the same place at the same time?
two waves
When a chocolate bar is cut in half, its density is
unchanged
Which nucleus has the greatest neutron/proton ratio?
uranium
Which of these atoms has the greatest number of electrons?
uranium
Polaroid sunglasses reduce much glare by polarization axes that are
vertical
An ion and an isotope are
very unlike
When sunlight from air enters water, light that refracts most is
violet
Your image in a plane mirror is
virtual
As a balloon high in the atmosphere descends, it undergoes a decrease in
volume
As a high-altitude balloon sinks lower into the atmosphere, it undergoes a decrease in
volume
A completely submerged object always displaces its own
volume of fluid.
A sample of highly-radioactive material is somewhat
warmer than the environment.
When oxygen and hydrogen gases combine, the result is
water
A common naturally-polarized bit of matter is
water molecule
A dam is thicker at the bottom than at the top mainly because
water pressure increases with depth.
Thomas Young's two-source interference patterns demonstrate the
wave nature of light.
Atmospheric pressure is caused by the
weight of the atmosphere
Two vertical tubes of equal cross-sectional areas are filled with liquids to heights producing atmospheric pressure at their bottoms. One liquid is water and the other is mercury. Both liquids have equal
weights
The electric field inside an uncharged metal ball is zero. If the ball is negatively charged, the electric field inside the ball is then
zero
When a car is struck by lightning, the resulting electric field inside the car is
zero
