Physics Semester One

E = hf − w w = ?

w = hf − E

Define acceleration

rate of change of velocity

Lisa is conducting an investigation to determine the coefficient of friction between two surfaces. She uses a 25 kg block. What is this object's weight, in newtons?

245 N

Simplify completely: −3(4 − 9) + 6 − 2(−8 + 5)

27

If the weight of an object of mass "m" is "mg," then the weight of an object of mass "2m" is

2mg

John's approval rating is an average based upon four categories. What is his overall weighted rating if the following is true? Category 1-450 points, weight factor 1 Category 2- 475 points, weight factor 2 Category 3- 500 points, weight factor 1 Category 4- 400 points, weight factor 3

442.9 points

A net force of 10.0 N causes an object to accelerate at 2.00 m/s^2. What is the mass of the object?

5.00 kg

A car increases from 15 km/s to 45 km/s in 5 seconds. Calculate the average acceleration of the car during these 5 seconds.

6 km/s^2

A car travels at a constant rate for 25 miles, going due east for one hour. Then it travels at a constant rate another 60 miles east for one hour. What is the instantaneous velocity at any time during the second hour of the trip?

60 mph east

A satellite with a mass of 5.6 E 5 kg is orbiting the Earth in a circular path. Determine the satellite's velocity if it is orbiting at a distance of 6.8 E 5 m above the Earth's surface. Earth's mass = 5.98 E 24 kg; Earth's radius = 6.357 E 6 m.

7,500 m/s

Two vectors with magnitudes of 4 meters and 3 meters cannot have a resultant of 3 meters 4 meters 7 meters 8 meters

8 meters

A shuttle on Earth has a mass of 4.5 E 5 kg. Compare its weight on Earth to its weight while in orbit at a height of 6.3 E 5 meters above the surface of the Earth. Approximately what percent of its weight does the space shuttle retain?

83%

Period 1 has 15 students in it and a test average of 86%. Period 2 has 21 students in it and an average of 88%. Period 3 has 12 students in it and an average of 95%. Use weighted means to find the overall average of the classes.

89.1%

A car travels 200.0 miles west for two hours. Then it travels another 75.0 miles west for an additional hour. What is the average velocity of the entire trip?

91.7 mph west

Sanjay has quiz scores of 96%, 89%, 92%, 77%, 100% and 87%. What score does he need to make on the final quiz to have an overall average of 91%?

96%

Which variable may defined by this statement? The __ variable is sometimes called the "manipulative" because it refers to a quantity that is changed by the experimenter. independent/dependent

Dependent

If you push against a wall, the wall pushes back against you with ____ force.

Equal

A straight line one a Speed verses Time graph represent movement. True/False

False

Displacement and velocity are examples of scalar quantities True/False

False

In a vacuum, the gravitational force is "turned off." True/False

False

In y = mx + b, the y-intercept is given by the value of m. True/False

False

Quantities that can be described completely by their magnitude or size are called vector quantities. True/False

False

Steve is recording the temperature of an object on Celsius and Fahrenheit scales. Relationship between the two scales is given by F = 1.8 ⋅ C. Steve will plot the Celsius readings along the y-axis and the Fahrenheit readings along the x-axis True/False

False

Vector sum of 15 m, East and 9 m, West is 24 m, East. True/False

False

When you use a graduated cylinder in the lab, you can only use it to find the volume of liquids. True/False

False

What is relationship between force and acceleration?

Force is directly proportional to acceleration

F = Gm^2/r^2 G = ?

G = Fr^2/m^2

The attractive force that acts between all objects is the

Gravitational force

Solve for H: V = LWH

H=V/LW

What mathematical relationship between variables is suggested by a graph showing a hyperbola?

Inverse

A reading may appear to be different when viewed with one eye or the other, or when the head is moved from side to side or up and down. This apparent measurement difference is due to a change in position of the observer, and is called interpolations extrapolation parallax

Parallax

Which quantity below is a derived quantity? Length Mass Speed Time

Speed

During an experiment that Paul and Dawn performed, the stretch of a spring was directly proportional to the force applied to the spring. When they put the data on a graph, they would expect to have what type of curve? Hyperbola Parabola Straight line

Straight Line

E = mc^2 c = ?

c = √(E/m)

The point A on the above graph is an example of interpolations variation exploration average method

interpolations

The process of estimating values between measured data points is called interpolations extrapolation parallax

interpolations

F = kx k = ?

k = F/x

Using the following equation: F = ma Solve for m

m = F/a

Define instantaneous speed

speed at a specific instant in time

Davids new bike can accelerate from rest to 45.0 m/s in just 6.00 s. The combined mass of David and his bike is 225.43 kg. What is the magnitude of the net (unbalanced) force that can cause the acceleration?

1690 N

A 4.0 kg mass is moving to the right at 3.0 m/s. An 8.0 kg mass is moving to the left at 2.0 m/s. If after collision the two masses join together, what is their velocity after collision?

-0.33 m/s

Simplify by collecting like terms: 2x − 4 − 6x + 8

-4x+4

Ciara is swinging a 0.015 kg ball tied to a string around her head in a flat, horizontal circle. The radius of the circle is 0.70 m. It takes the ball 0.60 seconds to complete one full circle. Calculate the tension in the string and its direction that provides the centripetal force acting on the ball to keep it in the circular path.

1.2 N, towards the center of the circle

An automobile of mass 1.46 E3 kg rounds a curve of radius 25.0 m with a velocity of 15.0 m/s. The centripetal force exerted on the automobile while rounding the curve is

1.31 E 4 N

Find the slope of the line containing the two points (1,−1) and (−5,−3)

1/3

If the distance between two charged particles is doubled, the force between them changes by a factor of ___.

1/4

An object with a mass of 2.0 kg is accelerated at 5.0 m/s/s. The net force acting on the mass is

10 N

What net force is necessary to give a 2 kg mass that is initially at rest an acceleration of 5 m/s^2?

10 N

John walks to school in the morning and then walks home for lunch. The school is 1000 meters directly north of his house. After lunch, he goes back to the school and then to the field for track that is 30 meters north of the school. What is John's resultant displacement when he remains on the field to run track?

1030 meters north

What is the maximum speed at which a car can safely travel around a circular track of radius 75.0 m if the coefficient of friction between the tire and road is 0.200?

12.1 m/s

A net force of 50.0 N accelerates a 15.0 kg mass. What is the resulting acceleration?

3.33 m/s^2

What is the resultant displacement of the two vectors below? Vector 1: 2.0 cm, E Vector 2: 3.0 cm, N

3.6 cm, 56 degrees North of the East axis

A soccer player is running at a constant speed of 1.8 m/s when she speeds up in the same direction with an acceleration of 0.50 m/s^2. What will be her final speed if she accelerates for a total distance of 10.0 meters?

3.6 m/s

A vehicle travels 57 kilometres north and then travels 26 kilometres south. What is the current position of the vehicle?

31 kilometeres north of its starting location.

Which scenario describes a change in velocity? A skydiver that has reached terminal velocity (a constant speed) while falling. A ride that spins clockwise and then counterclockwise. A car traveling east at 55 km/hr. A plane traveling at 800 mph at cruising altitude.

A ride that spins clockwise and then counterclockwise.

Assuming all objects are moving with the same velocity, which statement describes the object with the largest inertia? A driver continues forward after his car takes a sharp turn. A ball rolls across a street and into a large soccer field. A rock is thrown in space and continues in a straight line. An avalanche of snow falls down a mountain side.

An avalanche of snow falls down a mountain side.

The slope of a Velocity versus Time graph will tell you the objects what?

Acceleration

The slope of a velocity versus time graph is the object's

Accleration

What is meant by the statement Motion is relative!?

All motion is described with respect to a reference point

Consider the previous question. Which has the greater acceleration: car A or car B?

Both Cars A and B have the same acceleration magnitude

As the distance between two masses increases; what happens to the gravitational force of attraction between them?

Decreases

What mathematical relationship between variables is suggested by a graph showing a diagonal line from the lower left to the upper right of the graph?

Linear

Which of the following is a fundamental quantity? Volume Density Area Mass Acceleration

Mass

Which of the following is a true statement about mass and weight? Mass is a measure of how much matter an object has, while weight is a measure of how much space the object takes up. Mass will not change based on location, while weight will change based on gravitational pull. Mass is a measure of a gravitational pull on an object, while weight is a measure of how much matter is an object has. Mass is proportional to the force of gravity, while weight is proportional to the amount of mass.

Mass will not change based on location, while weight will change based on gravitational pull.

Find the mean and median of the following data set: 98, 87, 92, 79, 65, 91, 80, 92, 85, 86.

Mean: 85.5 Median: 86.5

In a Velocity verses Time graph does a straight line represent an object at rest? Yes/No

No

In the Position versus Time graph of an object moving in a straight line, does the graph show acceleration during the interval from time equals two hours to time equals three hours? Yes/No

No

What mathematical relationship between variables is suggested by a graph showing a half-parabola?

Quadratic (power)

Define Speed

Rate of change of distance with time

Consider hitting a baseball with a bat. Which has the greater acceleration: the bat or the ball?

The ball because it has a smaller mass than the bat.

A player kicks a football into the air. It slows to a stop at its highest point in the air before falling to the ground. Which statement accurately describes the motion of the football? Inertia moves the ball into the air until it runs out of force. The ball slows down in the air due to an unbalanced force. A balanced force slows the ball until it stops in the air and falls. No force acts on the ball, only inertia slows it down.

The ball slows down in the air due to an unbalanced force.

Which has the greater acceleration: the bug or the windshield?

The bug has the greater acceleration because it has the smaller mass.

Which has the greater acceleration: the truck or the car?

The car has the greater acceleration because it has the smaller mass.

Which description includes a scalar quantity? The car is moving at 70 miles/hr. Objects accelerate on Earth at 9.8 m/s^2 downward. The plane is flying west at 850 miles/hr. The box moved 20 meters to the left.

The car is moving at 70 miles/hr.

All objects moving in a circle experience a centripetal force. The form of centripetal force depends on the object in circular motion and the force causing the circular movement. Which of the following describes the correct centripetal force acting on an object moving in a circle? The force of air resistance as a rollercoaster performs a loop on a track. The force of friction as a car drives around a corner at constant speed. The force of gravity as a ball on a string is spun horizontally in a circle. The force of inertia as a person spins on a ride at an amusement park.

The force of friction as a car drives around a corner at constant speed.

Two identical small cars (car A & car B) have a head-on collision. Which scenario is true? Car A exerts a greater force on car B than car B exerts on car A. Car B exerts a greater force on car A than car A exerts on car B. The force that car A exerts on car B and the force that car B exerts on car A are the same magnitude.

The force that car A exerts on car B and the force that car B exerts on car A are the same magnitude.

Consider hitting a baseball with a bat. Which scenario is true? The baseball exerts a greater force on the bat than the bat exerts on the baseball. The bat exerts a greater force on the baseball than the baseball exerts on the bat. The force that the baseball exerts on the bat and the force that the bat exerts on the baseball are the same magnitude.

The force that the baseball exerts on the bat and the force that the bat exerts on the baseball are the same magnitude.

A large truck and a small car have a head-on collision. Which scenario is true? The truck exerts a greater force on the car than the car exerts on the truck. The car exerts a greater force on the truck than the truck exerts on the car. The force that the truck exerts on the car and the force that the car exerts on the truck are the same magnitude.

The force that the truck exerts on the car and the force that the car exerts on the truck are the same magnitude.

Ryan is driving his car to band practice. His speed is 55 mph. Splat! A bug smashes against the windshield, and bug "guts" are everywhere. Gross! Which scenario is true? The windshield exerts a greater force on the bug than the bug exerts on the windshield. The bug exerts a greater force on the windshield than the windshield exerts on the bug. The force that the windshield exerts on the bug and the force that the bug exerts on the windshield are the same magnitude.

The force that the windshield exerts on the bug and the force that the bug exerts on the windshield are the same magnitude.

Which of the following statements cannot be supported by Kepler's laws of planetary motion? A planet's distance from the sun will not be the same in six months. A planet's speed as it moves around the sun will not be the same in six months. The rotational speed of the four smallest planets can be determined using the rotational speeds of the four largest planets and their orbital periods. The average distance of Saturn can be calculated using the average distance of Neptune and the orbital period of both planets.

The rotational speed of the four smallest planets can be determined using the rotational speeds of the four largest planets and their orbital periods.

The speedometer of a car moving east reads 60 mph. It passes another car that moves west at 60 mph. Which statement is the most accurate description of the motion of the vehicles? The vehicles are moving at different speeds. The vehicles are moving at different velocities. The vehicles are moving in the same direction. The vehicles are moving at the same rates.

The vehicles are moving at different velocities.

3 + 2 ∙ 4 = 3 + (2 ∙ 4) True/False

True

All motion is relative to a reference point. True/False

True

An iron bar has more mass than a plastic bar of the same volume. So the iron bar will have greater inertia. True/False

True

An object at rest has no net force acting on it. True/False

True

In an inelastic collision, momentum is conserved. True/False

True

The acceleration produced by a net force on a body is inversely proportional to the mass of the body True/ False

True

The area under the graph line made with the x-axis represents the change in position of the object on a velocity versus time graph. True/False

True

When you look at your speedometer and it reads 60 mph, this is your instantaneous speed. True/False

True

Whenever an object exerts a force on another object, the second object exerts a force of the same magnitude on the first object, but in the opposite direction. True/False

True

Which scenario represents the weakest force? Protons and neutrons are held together inside the nucleus. Two particles are attracted to one another by static electricity. An unstable atom breaks down releasing two radioactive particles. Two rocks of equal mass fall to the ground at the same speed.

Two rocks of equal mass fall to the ground at the same speed.

Which objects will likely have the smallest gravitational force between them? Two tennis balls that are near each other Two soccer balls that are near each other Two tennis balls that are touching each other Two soccer balls that are touching each other

Two tennis balls that are near each other

If X = 5 and Y = 3, what does Z equal? 2X + 2Z = 10Y

Z = 10

In the Position versus Time graph of an object moving in a straight line, what is the average speed for the object during the second hour?

Zero

The law of inertia applies to moving objects objects that are not moving both moving and non-moving objects

both moving and non-moving objects

Andrew Haber is an astronaut in space, far away from gravitational and frictional forces. He throws a tennis ball. The ball will

continue to move in a straight line with uniform velocity

A car is moving in uniform circular motion. If the car's speed were to double to keep the car moving with the same radius the acceleration would

increase by a factor of 4

The speed that the car is going at an instant of time is called the

instantaneous speed

As the distance between an object and the center of the Earth is increased

the object's mass remains the same and its weight decreases

Define average speed

total distance divided by total time

Select the generic equation suggested by a graph showing a hyperbola. y = kx y = kx^2 y = k(1/x)

y = k(1/x)

Select the generic equation suggested by a graph showing a diagonal line from the lower left to the upper right of the graph. y = kx y = kx^2 y = k(1/x)

y = kx

Select the generic equation suggested by a graph showing a half-parabola. y = kx y = kx^2 y = k(1/x)

y = kx^2

Manipulate the following equation to solve for t: s = 1/2 at2

√(2s/a)