Pituitary Hypophysis Endocrine Gland Histology

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glycoprotein hormones of the pituitary gland

FSH, LH, TSH, ACTH, POMC, Beta Endorphin located in teh basophils

paras intermedia

containes Rathke's pouch/cyst that has colloid filled vesicles that are lined with simple squamous epitleium

prepropressin separated into which two hormones?

vasopressin and neurophysin

Herring bodies of the Neurophysis store

vasopressin and oxytocin

Paras Distalsis

- majority of the anterior lobe/anterior pituitary dark stained

Acidophils

-occupies 40% of distalsis, located in the distalsis, contains protein hormones somatotrophs (secrets Growth Hormone) and lactotrophs( secrets prolactin). stain pink

Secretion of Oxytocin and Vasopressin from the Pars Nervosa steps:

1. produced by PVN and SON in the hypothalamus in BBB 2. travel outside BBB for storage in herring bodies aka constipated axons and extended axons 3. neural stimulation causes release/ secretion

Oxytocin and Vasopressin (ADH) are stored in

Posterior Pituitary AKA Neurophysis

Pars Intermedia has

Rathke's cysts lined by simple cuboidal

Ghrelin in the stomach acts as what?

a releasing hormone for somatotropin

Paras distalis contains which types of cells

acidophiles, basophils, and chromophobes

Anteriorhypophysis is also called the

anterior pituitary gland

Pituicytes of the Neurophysis

are like glial astrocytes, contain GFAP an intermediate filament protein. DO NOT SECRETE

Somatostatin is an inhibitory hormone produced by hypothalamus that inhibits which hormones of the pituitary?

growth hormone (somatotrophin) and thyrotropin

Paras nervosa is lighter and contains which types of cells and goes into which structure histologically?

herring bodies and pituicytes.. it goes into the infundibular stalk

Where does the Hypophysis sit?

in the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone

ADH aka Vasopressin does what?

increases water permeability of the collecting duct

basophils

occupies 10%, granular, darker, contain glycoprotein hormones ( gonadotrophs, corticotrophs, thyrotrophs, and other cells derived from preopiomelanocortin stuff like POMC like ACTH and B-endorphn

Chromophobes

occupies 50% does not stain bc they are degranulates

oxyphysin separates into which two hormones?

oxytocin and neurophysin

oxytocin secreted from where has what effect?

oxytocin is secreted from herring bodies and it increase prolactin

Anterior Pituitary Characteristics

paras distalsis, no BBB, paras tuberalis, paras intermedia

Posterior Pituitary Characteristics

paras nervosa,

Which cells contain GFAP which are an intermediate filament protein ?

pituicytes

ADH/ Vasopressin comes from where?

prepropressin

Dopamine is the hypothalamic inhibitory hormone of

prolactin

Which one of the hormones does not have a releasing hormone from the Hypothalamus

prolactin

The hypophysis/pituitary gland is in charge of

sex hormones, metabolism, fluid balance, growth, and lactation

neurophysin does what?

stabilizes oxytocin after exocytosis

Oxytocin

stimulates mammary gland myoepithelial cell contraction and uterine smooth muscle

Superior hypophesial arteries

supply blood to median eminance and infundibulum to form primary plexus of fenestrated capilaries. theses then branch to form secondary plexus and carry blood to distalsis

Inferior hypophysial arterioles

supply neurohypophysis

Hypothalamus + Hypophyseal Portal Circulation

there is no direct blood to the distalsis. The superior hypopheseal artery supplies the median eminance and infundibular stalk to form primary plexus of fenestration capillaries

Inhibiting Hormones come from the (IH)

Dopamine, Somatostatin

Protein hormones of the Pituitary gland

Growth Hormone and Prolactin located in the acidophiles

Oxytocin and Vasopressin are produced in

Hypothalamus

Releasing Hormones come from the (RH)

Hypothalamus


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