Plant science chapter 4

Parenchyma cells function in ____. Structural support and storage Water transport Photosynthesis and gas exchange Photosynthesis and storage

Photosynthesis and storage

How do plants grow at their tips? Cells in apical meristems divide and produce new cells that are pushed out of the meristems itself. Cells in approval meristems get bigger in all dimensions. All of the cells in a giving stem divide multiple times.

Cells in apical meristems divide and produce new cells that are pushed out of the meristems itself.

Parenchyma cells which contain chloroplasts are called ____.

Chlorenchyma

Select all that apply: Which of the following are the three major groups of organs found in most plants? Fruits Leaves Buds Stems Roots

Roots Stems Leaves

Plant tissues composed of one cell type are referred to as ____ tissues. Whereas tissues composed of two or more cell types are ____ tissues.

Simple Complex

Plant tissues are classified as simple and complex. What is the basis of this classification? Simple tissues contain only living cells, whereas complex tissues may contain both living and dead cells. Simple tissues are uniform, whereas complex tissues produce specialized structures. Simple tissues are made of a single cell type, whereas complex tissues are made of two or more cell types Simple tissues are made of a single lauded of cells, whereas complex tissues are made of two or more layers of cells.

Simple tissues are made of a single cell type, whereas complex tissues are made of two or more cell types

Select all that apply: Select all the features of meristematic cells. They have a proportionately large nucleus. They are highly differentiated, often having thick cell walls rich in lignin. They have a very thin cell wall. They have a large vacuole, occupying about 90% of the volume. They are usually box-like and six-sided. They are comparatively small.

They have a proportionately large nucleus. They have a very thin cell wall. They are usually box-like and six-sided. They are comparatively small.

Living, flexible, cells with cell walls thicker and more uneven than those of parenchyma cells are called ____ cells.

Collenchyma

Plant tissues that are composed of two or more kinds of cells are referred to as ____ tissues.

Complex

Select all that apply: In the following list, choose all that are considered complex tissues. Parenchyma Epidermis Periderm Xylem Sclerenchyma Phloem

Epidermis Periderms Xylem Phloem

Grasses don't have vascular or cork cambium. However, they have other meristematic tissues located in the vicinity of their nodes. Those meristems add to stem length and are called ____ meristems.

Intercalary

Secondary growth refers to increases in the diameter or girth of roots and stems as a result of tissues produced in ____ meristems.

Lateral

Which plant tissue is characterized by small, six-sided, boxlike cells which usually lack vacuoles and have a centrally located, relatively large nucleus? Xylem Phloem Sclerencyhma Meristem

Meristem

Select all that apply: Which of the following are characteristics of vessel elements? Pairs of vessel elements can be separated by a perforation plate. Vessel elements only have thin primary cell walls. The cell walls of vessel elements are often open at each end. Vessel elements that run parallel to each other are are connected through long porous sieve plates

Pairs of vessel elements can be separated by a perforation plate. The cell walls of vessel elements are often open at each end.

Chlorenchyma cells are a specialized type of which of the following? Sclerenchyma Parenchyma Collenchyma

Parenchyma

The most common tissue type of plant is ____.

Parenchyma

____ cells are very common in plants. They can assume various shapes and sizes, but most of them have 14 sides. They can contain starch grains, oils, tannins, crystals, and other secretions.

Parenchyma

What is the most common cells found in plants? Vascular cells Dermal cells Root hairs Guard cells Parenchyma cells

Parenchyma cells

Most plant organs are composed of several different tissues. A plant tissue is best defined as a group of cells ____. Connected by shared cell walls Found in the same location Performing a similar function Produced from the same embryonic cell

Performing a similar function

The roots and shoots of plants increase in length as their apical meristems produce new cells. This type of growth is known as ____ growth.

Primary

The increase in shoot and root diameter is called ____ growth.

Secondary

Select all that apply: Select all functions of parenchyma cells. Storage Secretion Structural support Photosynthesis Water uptake

Storage Secretion Photosynthesis

Select all that apply: Select all features of collenchyma cells. They are alive at maturity. They lack living protoplasts at maturity. They have uneven thickened cell walls. They are elongated in shape, rather than isodiametric. They have thin cell walls.

They are alive at maturity. They have uneven thickened cell walls. They are elongated in shape, rather than isodiametric.

Where are the intercalary meristems of grass found and how do they contribute to plant growth? They are found in nodes and add to the length of leaves. They are found in the vicinity of stem nodes and add the the length of the stem. They are found in a cylinder in the center of the stem and add to its girth.

They are found in the vicinity of stem nodes and add to the length of the stem.

Select all that apply: Choose all characteristics of tracheids from the list below They have thick secondary cell walls. Each tracheid is associated with a companion cell. Stacked tracheids are separated by large perforation plates. They are tapered at each end They are dead at maturity

They have thick secondary cell walls They are tapered at each end They are dead at maturity

Select all that apply: Select all the features of parenchyma cells. Multiple, small vacuoles Thin cell walls Often contains starch grains, oils, tannins and other secretions Unevenly thickened cell walls The majority of them have 14 sides

Thin cell walls Often contains start h grains, oils, tannins and other secretions The majority of them have 14 sides

What is the main function of xylem in plants To provide support to the woody stems of plants To transport sugars produced by photosynthesis throughout the plant To transport water and minerals throughout the plant

To transport water and minerals throughout the plant

Select all that apply: Select all types of cells that can be found in xylem. Tracheids Companion cells Sieve cells Vessels Fibers Parenchyma cells

Tracheids Vessels Fibers Parenchyma cells

Select all that apply: Which of the following are the two types of conducting vascular tissue, useful in transporting water, ions, and soluble food throughout the plant? Tracheids Collenchyma Parenchyma Xylem Phloem

Xylem Phloem