Plants: Biology Unit 7 quiz 1

1. cytoplasm 2. a plasma membrane 3. a nucleus 4. vacuoles

Plant cells and animal cells both have _____. (Select all that apply.)

True

Plant cells convert solar energy into chemical energy.

parenchyma

The most common plant cell, found in practically all parts of the plant body; important for food production, food storage, lateral transport, and other life processes; an almost round cell in some tissues.

1. minerals 2. sugars 3. calcium oxalate 4. anthocyanins 5. dissolved proteins

(Select all that apply.) Choose the five substances that can be found in the cell vacuoles.

1. duplicate itself 2. interpret coded information 3. selective exchange 4. perform maintenance 5. decompose chemicals 6. synthesize chemicals 7. convert energy

(Select all that apply.) Choose the operations conducted by the "cell factory."

the basic building block of organisms

A cell is:

Vacuole

A cell storage body that increases in size with age; included within, but not a part of the cytoplasm; storage materials are often water and poisonous by-products of cell activities.

stamen

A flower part; a ring of pollen-producing appendages of a flower; inside the petals, but outside the carpels.

Sepal

A flower part; the outermost ring of leaflike appendages of a flower; often green or inconspicuous, outside the petals.

petal

A flower part; the ring of leaflike appendages occurring inside the sepals, but outside the stamens.

tissue

A group of similar cells (simple tissue), or unlike cells with a specialized common function (complex tissue).

carpel

A leaflike part of the flower where seeds are produced.

complex tissues

A mass of cells with more than one cell type makes up a

selectively transfer

A plant cell can_______ substances between its internal and external environment.

sclerenchyma

A plant cell of a long fiber type or variable sclereid type; important in plant body support; may be part of xylem or phloem tissues.

True

A plant chloroplast is a plastid.

tissue culture

A propagation method known as_______ has shown that one individual cell has the potential to develop into a whole plant.

membrane

A protein and fat structure serving as a covering and enclosure for cells.

cells are very different, yet have similar properties

A remarkable fact about cells is:

Nucleolus

A smaller, darker body found in the nucleus; contains a concentration of RNA; associated with message transfer to the cytoplasm and cell division.

1. product of decomposition of food molecules 2. chemical associated with mitochondria 3. a form of chemical energy

ATP is a:

plant

A_______cell has a cell wall and a water vacuole to help maintain a rigid structure.

30(10 12 ) (The ten is raised to the twelfth power)

About how many cells does the human body contain?

Atoms

All of the following are part of a plants organizational structure except:

Cytoplasm

All the organic substances located between the nucleus and cell membrane; one location of mitochondria, chloroplast, and other tiny bodies.

Simple cell

Although the following term is actually obsolete and somewhat misleading, the cell may still be referred to as a

True

An entirely new plant can sometimes be generated from a few cells.

leaves

Cactus spines are modified .

synthesize and decompose organic substances

Cells are analogous to a chemical factory. They utilize energy to _____.

DNA

Chemical messages originate from:

inflorescence

Clusters of flowers are called:

Green- chloroplasts Orange- chromoplasts Colorless- luecoplasts

Identify which plastid belongs to each color.

genes

Inherited physical traits are directly related to:

Photosynthesis

No lifeform, whether human or animal, could exist on the earth without the process of______, which is unique to plants.

collenchyma

Oblong cells with unevenly thickened walls for support in young stems.

False

Ribosomes are made of RNA.

cell

The basic building block of all forms of life.

True

The roots of a plant absorb nutrients from the soil.

inflorescence

The specific pattern of flower arrangement of a plant.

chromosome

The threadlike bodies apparent in the nucleus during certain phases of cell division; carries the genes or inheritance units of a cell; segments of DNA molecules.

Chloroplast

The tiny body that contains chlorophyll; photosynthesis takes place in this part of the cell.

mitochondria

The tiny rod-shaped cell bodies where aerobic respiration occurs; the cell powerhouses.

Ribosome

The tiny, dot-like bodies in the cytoplasm or part of the endoplasmic reticulum; important in protein synthesis.

the large internal surface area

The total energy production of a mitochondrion is enhanced by:

xylem

The water and mineral conducting tissue of a plant's vascular or transport system.

gas exchange

Two main functions of leaves are photosynthesis and _____.

The anchoring of the plant

Two main functions of roots are the conduction of water and minerals and

the conduction of food, water, and minerals

Two main functions of stems are the support of the plant body and _____.

Mitochondria

What cell part is described below? Rod-shaped structures scattered throughout the cytoplasm that are involved with energy release.

Nucleus

What cell part is described below? The cell headquarters and inheritance; controls and orders the activities of the cell.

Cytoplasm

What cell part is described below? The organic materials between the membrane and nucleus, which contains a variety of tiny bodies, or organelles.

Fruit

What do the terms, "Samara" "Capsules" "Pod" "Achene" have in common?

ecological

What type of general classification is a xerophyte?

approximately 350 years ago

When was the "cell" first identified and named?

energy

the capacity to do work

Cellulose

The material which provides rigidity to cell walls is called______

False

The protoplasm and cytoplasm of a plant are interchangeable terms.

False

Photosynthesis takes place solely in the leaves of green plants.

1. because it consists of numerous interdependent subunits 2. because coded information cannot arise from random processes

Why is a cell analogous to an engineered watch?

cell wall

The rigid wall of plant cells that surrounds the cell membrane.

DNA

(deoxyribonucleic acid). The chemical structure of genes which control inheritance.

Nucleus

(pl. nuclei). The protoplasmic substance separate from the cytoplasm; the cell headquarters or information center; location of DNA and RNA; bodies found in the nucleus are chromosomes and the nucleolus.

RNA

(ribonucleic acid). A chemical important in taking blueprint messages from DNA of the nucleus to ribosomes in the cytoplasm for protein synthesis instructions.

False

A chloroplast consists solely of a football shaped container of chlorophyll.

physicist

Robert Hooke was an English_________who was the first man to describe plant cells.

produced by chloroplasts

The basic food produced by a plant is:

False

The construction of the cell walls of all plants is similar.

phloem

The food-conducting tissue of a plant's vascular or transport system.

fruit

The matured ovary of a plant is a:

is constant

The number of chromosomes within each species of plant or animal:

Protoplasm

The organic substance making up the cells of all living things

epidermis

The outermost layer of plant cells or tissue, providing a covering for the plant body.

Morphology

The outward shape and appearance of a plant represents its

protoplast

The protoplasmic unit of a cell, usually made up of a nucleus and cytoplasm.

everything inside the cell membrane

The protoplast consists of:

adventitious

The root system which helps stabilize soil from erosion is the_______root system.

ribonucleic acid

The transfer of information from the nucleus to organelles is accomplished by:

1. taproot 2. fibrous

The two basic types of root systems are _____.

1. to collect and package cell building materials and enzymes 2. secrete and store high-energy compounds

The two main functions of the Golgi body are _____. Select all that may apply.

True

Vacuoles are reservoirs in plant cells that help maintain water balance.

Nucleolus

What cell part is described below? A concentration of the nucleic acid RNA, which is important in carrying chemical messages to other bodies in the cytoplasm.

cell wall

What cell part is described below? A feature of plants that gives shape and texture and provides support.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

What cell part is described below? A system of membranes that appears to be a factory for life processes and a cell communication system for chemical messages.

Golgi body

What cell part is described below? Flattened membrane sacs and tubes that are believed to be centers for collecting and packaging cell structures and enzymes.

Chloroplast

What cell part is described below? Green, football-shaped plastids that carry out the life-support system of photosynthesis.

Chromosomes

What cell part is described below? Major segments of DNA during cell division.