Plants: Unit 7 Quiz 3 Study Guide

Nicholas de Saussure

The first chemist to begin quantifying the process of photosynthesis was:

100 billion people

The greatest number of people plants have the potential to feed, according to some agronomists is:

chlorophyll

The green chemical that makes green plants green; important in capturing the sun's light energy for use in photosynthesis.

light reaction

Hill is known for working out reactions taking place during the___________ of photosynthesis.

anaerobic

In the absence of oxygen as a gas.

splitting of water molecules

The oxygen which is released into the air by a plant originates from:

protein synthesis

The putting together of protein molecules from amino acids.

fermentation

The stage of respiration that occurs in anaerobic conditions, such as yeast fermentation.

thousands of different proteins

The twenty two amino acids are capable of producing _______________.

carbohydrate

A food made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, providing a source of food storage and energy for life.

fat

A food made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms with higher energy storage in bonds than carbohydrates; provides energy storage and structure for life.

Protein

A food made up of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and either or both, phosphorus or sulfur; provides the major portion of the life fabric or structure.

False

Protoplasm consists of numerous combinations of 22 proteins.

stomate

The tiny pores or leaf openings appearing between guard cells of the epidermis; oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange between inner photosynthetic leaf cells and the atmosphere occurs through these openings.

1) iron 2) sulfur 3) phosphorus 4) zinc 5) nitrogen

(Select all that apply.) Proteins may be identified separately from fats and carbohydrates by the presence of certain elements. Choose the elements that qualify.

ADP

(adenosine diphosphate). A chemical energy compound with two phosphate groups found in living cells. ADP converts to ATP with the addition of a high-energy phosphate grouping.

Nitrogen

All proteins contain___________ , in addition to carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

agronomy

An agricultural science that deals with crop production and improvement.

carbon dioxide

An atmospheric gas made of one carbon atom for each two oxygen atoms (CO2): important for food-making by green plants and given off as a waste product of respiration in cells.

oxygen

An atmospheric gas; a by-product of the light reaction of photosynthesis; essential to aerobic respiration.

chemical bond

An energy-sharing arrangement of atoms to each other as parts of a molecule. Carbon can make four bonds with other atoms, hydrogen one bond, oxygen two bonds. Each bond is a source of energy. Rearrangement of these may store or release energy.

Assimilation

Cell activities associated with the utilization of food molecules and energy in life processes.

1) they all contain C, O, H 2) the ratio of H to C is fixed at 2:1

Concerning carbohydrates:

False

Current populations experiencing famine are primarily the result of lack of land to grow more plants.

Carbon Dioxide

De Saussure's experiments demonstrated the importance of water and_______ to green plants.

fifty

Each protein molecule is made of at least_________ amino acid units.

proteins

Enzymes are:

False

Food production from plants is currently near its maximum potential -- worldwide.

False

For maximum photosynthesis, increased light intensity has greater effect than increased leaf surface area.

aerobic

In the presence of oxygen as a gas.

Sunlight

Ingenhousz found that air would be purified only when green plants were in

1) loss of soil mass < gain of plant mass 2) gain of plant mass related to water

Jan Baptista's experiments showed:

1) Light 2) Dark 3) Dark 4) Light 5) Light 6) Dark 7) Light 8) Dark

Match the associations with the "light" and "dark" phases of photosynthesis: 1) solar energy___________ . 2) CO 2 intake_____________ . 3) release of energy__________ . 4) storage of energy_____________ . 5) release of O 2 ___________. 6) release of water __________ . 7) ATP________________ . 8) forms carbohydrates_____________ .

False

Nearly all the mass of plants comes from well fertilized soil.

true within limits

Photosynthesis continues to increase with temperature:

CO2 + H2o + light --> (CH2O)n + O2

Photosynthesis:

True

Plants harvest only a small portion of the sun's energy.

1) plants are associated with O 2 2) animals require O 2

Priestly's experiments explained:

organic

Produced by organisms as opposed to nonliving chemical processes; also a molecule which contains carbon usually in combination with hydrogen and oxygen with or without other elements.

Ribosomes in plants and animals

Proteins are made by:

Dark reaction

Since carbon as an atmospheric gas is locked into a food molecule, it is termed carbon dioxide fixation. Another name for this process of photosynthesis is the___________ .

amino acid

The building blocks of proteins.

produce a carbohydrate from CO 2

The chemical energy stored in ATP during photosynthesis is released during the dark phase to:

Energy

The______ requirements of all organisms worldwide are linked to the sun by photosynthesis.

splitting water molecules

Van Niel's theory, later shown to be correct, claimed that the oxygen produced by photosynthesis comes from the___________

1) they are various forms of sugars 2) they are all carbohydrates 3) they are all related to photosynthesis

What do glucose, starch and cellulose have in common?

1) plant mass related to H 2 O 2) conclusions partly correct

Which conditions relate to the research of van Helmont