Plate Tectonics and the Earth's crust
What is the name of the type of fault created at a transform plate boundary?
A strike-slip fault
What is a trench
A trench is a deep VALLEY
what happens when two continental plates diverge.
A valley-like rift appears
What happens if the crust along a boundary becomes very thin?
A piece of the continent may break off
what causes faults?
2 plates sliding against each other
what is a cool way to remember the difference between syncline and anticline?
AN in anticline is like an ANgel and SYN in SYNcline is like sin, and sinners are down and angels are up
where convergent plate boundaries are found
Eurasian plate and Indian plate in the himalayas
what happens when two continental plates collide
Continental plates buckle and crumple
Pangaea
Greek for all the earth
What is a fault?
IT IS A CRACK IN THE EARTH.
Island arcs- what forms them
Island arcs are formed when an older plate is forced under a younger one
What does the magma formed at the subduction zone do
It erupts in a volcano.
How are the plates named
Landmasses, oceans, or where they are on the earth
where transform plate boundaries are found
New zealand
What is the name of the most famous of these faults
San Andreas Fault
Continental plate collides with an oceanic plate.
The denser oceanic plate is pulled under the continental plate and creates a trench.
Island arcs
are often found in the Marianas and the Aleutian Islands off of Alaska.
what happens at divergent boundaries found in the middle of the ocean.
The oceanic plates split apart and magma oozes out like pus and then hardens
when two oceanic plates collide.
The older plate is forced under the younger one
Describe what is happening at the San Andreas Fault
The pacific plate and the north american plate grind past each other
Why do transform boundaries and the resulting faults produce earthquakes?
The plates catch on each other and when pressure builds somethings snaps or slips and the plates jerk, creating earthquakes
where divergent plates boundaries are found
The red sea
Island arcs what are they
They are small volcanic islands
subduction zone
When a plate is forced under another, or subducted
what forms a trench
a denser oceanic plate is pulled under a continental plate
Who was Alfred Wegener
a german scientist that found out about continental drift.
what is a syncline
a syncline is when a plate is crumpled and bends downward
what is an antycline
an antycline is when a plate is crumpled and bends upward
The border between two tectonic plates is called
boundary
where more transform plate boundaries are found
california
modern theory of Plate Tectonics
cause earthquakes and volcanic activity.
Plates that push together
convergent
red lines
convergent
Plates moving apart
divergent
white lines -
divergent
What event is often associated with subduction zones and the collision of plates
earthquakes
another thing plate tectonics explain
earthquakes
Give an example of where this has happened.
himalayas
what is created at divergent boundaries found in the middle of the ocean.
it creates a mid-atlantic ridge
what happens to the newly broken off piece of land
it may become a new tectonic plate
what can form in the rift?
lakes
more convergent plate boundaries
nazca plate and the south american plate along the coast of south america.
outer core
only liquid layer, melted nickel and iron
where more divergent plates boundaries are found
pacific and atlantic plates
inner core
really hot sphere of iron and nickel
vibrations from earthquakes
seismic waves
Give an american example of where this has happened.
the blue ridge
Crust-
the outside layer, is the thinnest, made of mostly rock
Lithosphere
the rigid outer part of the earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle.
tectonic plates
the two sub-layers of the earth's crust that move, float, and sometimes fracture and whose interaction causes continental drift, earthquakes, volcanoes, mountains, and oceanic trenches.
Continental and oceanic
the two types of crust.
Asthenosphere
the upper layer of the earth's mantle, below the lithosphere, in which there is relatively low resistance to plastic flow and convection is thought to occur.
what is created when two continental plates collide
they create mountains and mountain ranges.
continental crust
thicker
Mantle-
thickest layer, consists of molten rock
oceanic crust
thinner
Sliding plates
transform
purple lines -
transform
what do plate tectonics explain
volcanos
what may appear on the sides of rifts?
volcanos
