PM final chpt 11-16

Phentolamine mesylate is added to local anesthetic solutions to enhance the depth of pulpal anesthesia?

False

The active ingredient in oraverse counters the effects of the local anesthetic drug allowing a faster recovery from the soft tissue symptoms of anesthesia?

False

The amount of anesthetic recommended for GP is 1/10 of a cartridge or less?

False

The buckle nerve is anesthetized by an IA nerve block?

False

The field of anesthesia of an ASA nerve block includes the lingual periodontium of the central incisors through the canine?

False

The maxillary occlusal plane is helpful landmark to identify the penetration site for an inferior alveolar nerve block?

False

The nasopalatine nerve is a terminal short branch of the PSA nerve?

False

The optimum penetration site for the NP nerve block is adjacent to the narrowest portion of the incisive papilla to facilitate use of insertion?

False

The three key landmarks for the inferior alveolar nerve block are the pterygomandibular raphe the coronoid notch in the external oblique ridge?

False

The two most important patient safety steps during an injection is, locating the penetration site and deposition sites

False

intra-septal injections are commonly used for quadrant used anesthesia?

False

FVTC recommend you use in our dental clinic this preferred local anesthetic for the inferior alveolar and buckle nerve block providing there is no medical contraindications?

Lidocaine with 1 to 100,000 epi

Which teeth and soft tissues are innervated by the inferior alveolar nerve?

Mandibular teeth to the midline and buccal soft tissue from the premolars to the midline

What is the penetration site for a GP nerve block?

Slightly anterior to the greater Palatine foramen

A field block injection is also called?

superperiosteal injection

What is the correct penetration depth for nasopalatine nerve block?

4 mm

What is the approximate depth of penetration for a GP nerve block?

4 to 6 mm sometimes up to 10 mm

What is the rate of deposition for the GP?

0.4 mL over 30 seconds

How many milligrams of phentolamine mesylate are contained in one cartridge of OraVerse?

0.4 mg

What is the typical minimum volume of anesthetic solution necessary for an infiltration of maxillary central incisors?

0.6 mL

What is an excepted minimal volume of anesthetic solution for an ASA nerve block?

0.9 mL

What is the adequate range of volumes for MSA nerve blocks?

0.9 to 1.8 mL

What is the recommended volume of local anesthetic solution for an inferior alveolar nerve block for an adult?

1.5 to 1.8 mL

What is the minimum recommended rate of injection?

1.8 mL per minute

What is the optimum depth of penetration for a PSA ?

10 to 16 mm

What gauge needle is highly recommended for the inferior alveolar nerve block in buccal injections?

25 Long

What gauge needle is recommended for the NP injection?

27 short

What is the insertion depth for a buccal nerve block?

3 to 4 mm

What is the depth of penetration for a ASA nerve block?

3 to 6 mm

What is the depth of penetration for an MSA nerve block?

5-8 mm

Studies have demonstrated the absence of the MSA nerve in?

50% to 72% of individuals

An injection that deposits anesthetic solution near a major nerve truck is called?

A nerve block injection

Maxillary laterals and canines is a landmark for which injection?

ASA injections

Terminal branch of a maxillary nerve branching from the infraorbital nerve within the infrarbital canal 6 to 10 mm prior to the infraorbital foramen to supply sensation to the dental plexus of the canine, central and lateral incisors describes which nerve?

ASA nerve

In the absence of a MSA nerve, which of the following two nerves may intervate the premolars and the mesial buccal root of the first molar?

Anterior superior alveolar nerve and posterior superior alveolar nerve

What are the two most important safety steps during a local anesthetic injection?

Aspiration before depositing and administering direct slowly

Most topical anesthetic agents will reach peak effectiveness in about five minutes?

False

The PSA injection technique may be contraindicated in patients with?

Clotting disorders due to risk of hematoma

Dental hygiene procedures require less duration of anesthetic than restorative procedures?

False

Electric shock sensations are common with an IA injection. Most electric shocks result in some form of paresthesia?

False

Intraseptal injections are useful for anesthesia of palatal and pulpal tissues for one or two teeth and pulpal tissues are profoundly numb for hours?

False

What best explains why infiltration techniques are highly successful in the maxilla?

Ease of diffusion through bone

In adequate anesthesia in the maxillary incisors is least likely to be caused by?

Facial nerve innervation

A clinician should not stand during the administration of local anesthetic injection?

False

A patient's head should be in a position higher than the heart for comfort during injections?

False

Blanching of palatal tissue is not normal?

False

Contacting bone for the inferior alveolar nerve block is optional?

False

What injection would most likely solve in adequate anesthesia on the pallet or root of tooth number three?

GP

Soft and hard palate of tissues unilaterally distal to the canine is a description of anesthesia for which nerve block?

GP nerve block

Why is it advantages to use a 25 gauge long needle for an inferior alveolar nerve block?

Greater depth of penetration, less needle flexibility when contacting bone to determine deposition site, higher risk of positive aspiration

The right and left NP nerve exits through the?

Incisive foramen

What is the most important safety step following an injection

Recapping the needle with a one-handed technique

Penetration too low and too lateral to the pterygomandibular raphe is a common technique error that results in premature contact with the bone immediately after penetration for which nerve block?

Inferior alveolar nerve block

Why is retraction of taut tissue important during injections?

It allows for ease of needle penetration and establishes a point of stability for the syringe

What is true regarding tachyphylaxis?

It is most likely to occur once sensation has returned to normal levels

What is a possible anatomical barrier to the success of infiltration technique?

Large exostosis

Pain management of hard and soft tissues of the anterior third of the palate is indicated for which block?

Nasopalatine nerve block

What describes a penetration site?

Needle pierces mucosa

The inferior alveolar nerve block is indicated for?

One entire quadrant

What best describes the correct syringe position for an inferior alveolar nerve block?

Over the pre-molars on the contralateral side of the mouth above and parallel to the occlusal plane

What is the best injection or an alternative of an unsuccessful infiltration of maxillary first molars?

PSA

Which maxillary injection technique has the highest risk of hematoma?

PSA

Which location represents the correct penetration site for nasopalatine nerve block?

Palatal mucosa lateral to the widest anterior posterior dimension of the incisive papilla

What is the best correction to make during an inferior alveolar injection when premature bony contact is met at less than 1/2 of the penetration depth?

Partially withdrawal need to reposition syringe over the contralateral canine Advance needle to clear resistance then re-position the syringe over the pre-molars and re-advanced until bony contact is met

What factor is most likely to correspond to anesthetic failure?

Physical barriers

What is a possible complication of an inferior alveolar nerve block when penetration is too deep?

Piercing the parotid gland and numbing the facial nerve

What is the correct deposition site for a PSA nerve block?

Posterior surface of a maxillary tuberosity

The PSA nerve branches from the maxillary nerve within the?

Pterygopalatine fossa

The most common cause of failure of palatal nerve blocks is?

Solution deposited too far from deposition site

Mepivicaine plain solutions may be useful for reinjection following the use of lidocaine 2% with Epi for all of the following reasons except that it is a?

Strong vasodilator

The inferior alveolar nerve is heavily myelinated. Lesser volumes of anesthetic for the inferior alveolar nerve block is necessary compared to other injections?

The first statement is true and the second statement is false

Intro septal injections provide anesthesia in a what step technique?

Three or six step palatal injection technique

What is the correct description of positioning of the long window up a syringe?

Toward the clinician to permit visability throughout the injection

Post injection muscle soreness and limited opening is a common symptom with the inferior alveolar nerve block and is called?

Trismus

A 25 gauge needle has less potential for deflection than a 27 gauge needle, although deflection is not a common cause of anesthetic failure?

True

A PDL injection for tooth number 19 may require up to four separate penetrations?

True

Aberrant innovations are unexpected anatomical variations?

True

Anesthetic solution deposited in the PD ligament injection diffuses through the periodontal ligament in the alveolar bone to the apical region of the tooth?

True

Aspiration for a periodontal ligament injection is unnecessary because there is no significant risk of intravascular injection with the technique?

True

Devices used for delivery of local anesthetic solution have very little impact on local anesthesia failure?

True

Gently pulling mucosa taught will ease penetration of a needle and establish a point of stability ?

True

Informed consent should be obtained from a patient or guardian prior to administering injections?

True

OnPharma sodium bicarbonate buffering system reduces the acidity of local anesthetic solutions which reduce the pain and injection and improves the onset time of anesthesia?

True

The inferior alveolar artery branches from the maxillary artery into sensor the pterygomandibular space?

True

The inferior alveolar injection has a 10 to 15% positive aspiration rate?

True

The lingual nerve is usually anesthetized along with the inferior alveolar nerve when an inferior alveolar nerve block is administered?

True

The most stable position when using a syringe is palm up?

True

The nasal Palitine nerve block injection is often indicated when traditional methods do not provide profound anesthesia?

True

The penetration site for a greater Palitine injection is in the fossa located anterior to the GP foramen, also referred to as the anterior depression?

True

When an infiltration injection is unsuccessful it may be helpful to?

Visualize, palpate, check radiographs and reassess the technique

What is the best correction to make during an inferior alveolar injection when no bony contact is met at target that?

Withdraw the needle at least halfway reposition the syringe over the molars re-advance the needle into the bone is met