POLITICAL SCIENCE 1602 FINAL EXAM PRACTICE
The Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Eighth amendments, taken together, define A. Freedom of religion B. Due process of the law C. Free speech D. The right to bear arms E. Civil rights of minorities
B
Many states have amended their constitutions to guarantee that large cities will have the authority to manage local affairs without interference from state government. This power is called A. Home rule B. Devolution C. Preemption D. States' rights E. New Federalism
A
The Office of Management and Budget is part of A. The Executive Office of the President B. The White House staff C. The Kitchen Cabinet D. The Congressional Budget Office E. The Bureau of Economic Analysis
A
News reporting devoted to a targeted portion of readers based on content or ideological presentation is called A. Nonprofit journalism B. For-profit journalism C. Nice journalism D. Citizen journalism E. Adversarial journalism
C
Which group won voting rights most recently? A. 18-20 year olds B. Asian Americans C. White property owners D. Women E. African Americans
A
A loose network of elected leaders, public officials, activists, and interest groups drawn together by a public policy issue is referred to as A. An issue network B. A public interest group C. A political action committee D. Pluralism E. An iron triangle
A
A political party is different from an interest group in that a political party A. Seeks to control the government by nominating candidates and electing its members to office B. Is constitutionally exempt from taxation C. Is entirely nonprofit D. Has a much larger membership E. Has a much smaller membership
A
A push poll is a poll in which A. The questions are designed to shape the respondent's opinion rather than measure the respondent's opinion B. The questions are designed to measure the respondent's opinion rather than shape the respondent's opinion C. The questions are designed to reduce measurement error D. The sample is chosen to include only undecided or independent voters E. The sample is not representative of the population it is drawn from
A
A series of reforms instituted by Congress in the 1970s, including an increase in the number of subcommittees and greater autonomy for subcommittee chairs, had the effect of A. Reducing the power of committee chairs B. Increasing the power of committee chairs C. Eliminating the incumbency advantage in congressional elections D. Ending the filibuster E. Expanding the number of joint committees in Congress
A
From 1789 until the end of the nineteenth century, the Bill of Rights put limits on A. The national government only B. The state government only C. Both the national and state governments D. Neither the national nor the state governments E. Political parties and interest groups
A
Generally speaking, Americans A. Know very little about current political issues but are able to identify some high-profile political leaders B. Know a great deal about current political issues but are not able to identify high-profile political leaders C. Know very little about current political issues and are never able to identify high-profile political leaders D. Know a great deal about current political issues and are able to identify high-profile political leaders E. Are extremely engaged with politics and trust the government to do what is right
A
In Mapp v. Ohio, the Supreme Court ruled that A. Evidence obtained from an illegal search could not be introduced in a trial B. The government must provide legal counsel for defendants who are too poor to provide it for themselves C. Persons under arrest must be informed prior to police interrogation of their rights to remain silent and to have the benefits of legal counsel D. The government has the right to take private property for public use if just compensation is provided E. A person cannot be tried twice for the same crime
A
In their fight against British taxes, such as the Stamp Act and the Sugar Act of 1764, New England merchants and southern planters allied with which of the following groups? A. Shopkeepers, small farmers, laborers, and artisans B. Shopkeepers only C. Laborers only D. Artisans only E. Shopkeepers and laborers only
A
In which case did the Supreme Court find that rigid quotas are incompatible with the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment? A. Regents of the University of California v. Bakke B. Korematsu v. United States C. Brown v. Board of Education D. United States v. Nixon E. Immigration and Naturalization Service v. Chadha
A
In which case was a right to privacy related to the use of birth control first formally recognized by the Court? A. Griswold v. Connecticut B. Roe v. Wade C. Lemon v. Kurtzman D. Planned Parenthood v. Casey E. Baker v. Carr
A
The Supreme Court's decision in Mendez v. Westminster was significant because it A. Served as a precursor for Brown v. Board of Education by ruling that the segregation of Anglos and Mexican Americans into separate schools was unconstitutional B. Determined that anyone born in the United States was entitled to full citizenship C. Allowed school districts to achieve racial integration through busing D. Held that public accommodations could be segregated by race but still be equal E. Eliminated state power to use race as a criterion for discrimination in law
A
The Voting Rights Act of 1965 significantly extended and protected voting rights by doing which of the following? A. Barring literacy tests as a condition for voting in six southern states B. Requiring all voters to register two weeks before any federal election C. Eliminating all federal-level registration requirements D. Allowing voters to sue election officials for monetary damages in civil court E. Requiring that all voters show a valid government-issued photo ID
A
The concept of oversight refers to the effort made by A. Congress to make executive agencies accountable for their actions B. The president to make executive agencies accountable for their actions C. The president to make Congress accountable for its actions D. The courts to make executive agencies responsible for their actions E. The states to make the executive branch accountable for its actions
A
The difference between a closed rule and an open rule in the House is A. A closed rule puts severe limits on floor debate and amendments, whereas an open rule permits floor debate and makes amendments easier B. An open rule puts severe limits on floor debate and amendments, whereas a closed rule permits floor debate and makes amendments easier C. A closed rule allows journalists and members of the public to listen to debates about a bill, whereas an open rule prevents journalists and members of the public from listening to debates about the bill D. An open rule allows journalists and members of the public to listen to debates about a bill, whereas a closed rule prevents journalists and members of the public from listening to debates about the bill E. A closed rule prevents the federal judiciary from declaring a bill unconstitutional once passed, whereas an open rule allows the federal judiciary to declare a bill unconstitutional
A
The judicial test that places the burden of proof on government to show that a race-based policy serves a compelling government interest and is narrowly tailored to address identifiable past discrimination is called A. Strict scrutiny B. Intermediate scrutiny C. Limited scrutiny D. De facto segregation E. De jure segregation
A
The percentage of foreign-born individuals living in the United States A. Has increased significantly since reaching its low point in 1970 B. Has decreased significantly since reaching its high point in 1970 C. Has remained the same since 1970 D. Has not been studied since 1970 E. Has never been less than the percentage of native-born individuals living in the United States
A
The process of returning more of the responsibilities of governing from the national level to the state level is known as A. Devolution B. Dual federalism C. Incorporation D. Home rule E. Preemption
A
The strength of traditional party machines depended most heavily on A. Patronage B. Primaries C. Hard money D. Soft money E. Dark money
A
The theory that competition among organized interests will produce balance and compromise, with all the interests regulating one another, is A. Pluralism B. Elite power politics C. Democracy D. Socialism E. Libertarianism
A
The vast majority of daily print newspapers are owned by A. Large media conglomerates B. The national government C. Small local companies D. Private individuals E. The employees who run them
A
What is the name for the body of law that involves disputes between private entities such as individuals, groups, and corporations? A. Civil law B. Privacy law C. Plea bargains D. Household law E. Common law
A
What type of representation is described when constituents have the power to hire and fire their representative? A. Agency representation B. Sociological represenation C. Philosophical representation D. Ideological represenatation E. Economic representation
A
When Congress conducts an investigation to explore the relationship between what a law intended and what an executive agency has done, it is engaged in A. Oversight B. Advice and consent C. Appropriations D. Executive agreement E. Direct patronage
A
When the president makes an announcement about his interpretation of a congressional enactment that he is signing into law, it is called A. A signing statement B. A line item veto C. An executive order D. Legislative initiative E. Regulatory review
A
Where do most trials in America take place? A. State courts B. Appellate courts C. Federal courts D. Federal circuit courts E. The Supreme Court
A
Which civil rights case established the "separate but equal" rule? A. Plessy v. Ferguson B. Grutter v. Bollinger C. Brown v. Board of Education D. Regents of the University of California v. Bakke E. Adarand Constructors v. Pena
A
Which of the following agencies were created by Congress to engage in research on problems taking place in or confronted by the executive branch? A. Government Accountability Office, Congressional Research Service, and Congressional Budget Office B. Department of Justice, Department of the Interior, and Department of the Treasury C. Congressional Oversight Organization, Bureau of Government Performance, and National Performance Review Association D. Office of Management and Budget, Council of Economic Advisers, and Oversight and Government Reform E. Government Accountability Office, National Performance Review, and Troubled Asset Relief Program
A
Which of the following are the most important external influences on how political opinions are formed in the marketplace of ideas? A. The government, private groups, and the news media B. The unemployment rate, the Dow Jones industrial average, and the NASDAQ composite C. Random digit dialing surveys, push polls, and framing experiments D. The Constitution, the Declaration of Independence, and the Federalist Papers E. The legislative branch, the executive branch, and the judicial branch
A
Which of the following best describes the process of amending the Constitution? A. It is difficult and has rarely been used successfully to address specific public problems B. It is difficult and has frequently been used successfully to address specific public problems C. It is easy but has rarely been used successfully to address specific public problems D. It is easy and has frequently been used successfully to address public problems E. It is easy, but it has never been used for any purpose
A
Which of the following does not require the Senate's approval? A. An executive agreement B. A treaty C. Appointment of ambassadors D. Supreme Court nominations E. All of the above require the advice and consent of the Senate
A
Which of the following is a brief submitted to the Supreme Court by someone other than one of the parties in the case? A. Amicus curiae B. Habeas corpus C. Solicitor general D. Ex post brief E. De jure brief
A
Which of the following is not an activity in which interest groups frequently engage? A. Starting their own political party B. Litigation C. Sponsoring ballot initiatives at the state level D. Lobbying E. Contributing to campaigns
A
Which of the following is not part of American political culture? A. Belief in equality of results B. Belief in democracy C. Belief in personal freedom D. Belief in economic freedom E. Belief in equality of opportunity
A
Which of the following restrictions on voting have been repealed over the last 200 years in the United States? A. Property, gender, and race B. Gender only C. Race only D. Property only E. Race and gender only
A
Which of the following statements about impeachment is not true? A. The president is the only official who can be impeached by Congress B. Impeachment means to charge a government official with "treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors" C. The House of Representatives decides by simple majority vote whether the accused ought to be impeached D. The Senate decides whether to convict and remove the person from office E. There have only been two instances of impeachment in American history
A
Which of the following states flipped from Democratic to Republican in the 2016 election? A. Florida, Ohio, and Pennsylvania B. California, New York, and Massachusetts C. Texas, Alabama, and Kentucky D. West Virginia, Missouri, and Kansas E. Oregon, Washington, and Delaware
A
A closed primary is a primary election in which A. One's vote is made public B. Only registered members of the party may vote C. Voters choose which party's primary the will participate in on the day of the primary D. Only two candidates are allowed to run E. Voting is conducted by mail
B
State and local laws similar to the Civil Service Act of 1883 require that appointees to public office A. Pledge an oath of loyalty to the United States B. Be qualified for the job to which they are appointed C. Not belong to any political party D. Cannot be fired for any reason E. Cannot serve more than four years
B
A familiar polling problem is the bandwagon effect, which occurs when A. The same results are used over and over again B. Polling results influence people to support the candidate marked as the probable victor in a campaign C. Polling results influence people to support the candidate who is trailing in a campaign D. Background noise makes it difficult for a pollster and a respondent to communicate with each other E. A large number of people refuse to answer a pollster's question
B
A state government's authority to regulate the health, safety, and morals of its citizens is frequently referred to as A. The reserved power B. The police power C. The expressed power D. The concurrent power E. The implied power
B
Americans' trust in their government A. Rose significantly between 1964 and 1980 B. Increased immediately following September 11, 2001, but declined shortly thereafter C. Declined immediately after the September 11 attacks but has risen dramatically since 2004 D. Reached its highest point ever in the fall of 2011 E. Has remained the same over the last 50 years
B
Digital citizenship requires A. An online subscription to one or more online newspapers B. High-speed Internet access and the skills to use and evaluate online information C. A social media account D. Maintaining a political blog E. Registering one's computer with the government
B
Groups that claim to serve the general good, rather than their own particular interests, are referred to as A. Membership associations B. Citizen groups C. Professional associations D. Ideological groups E. Public-sector groups
B
How did the British attempt to raise revenue in the North American colonies? A. Income taxes B. Tariffs, duties, and other taxes on commerce C. Expropriation and sale of Native American lands D. Licensing fees for the mining of natural resources E. Requests for voluntary donations
B
If a justice favors going beyond the words of the Constitution to consider the broader societal implications of the Supreme Court's decisions, he or she would be considered an advocate of which judicial philosophy? A. Judicial restraint B. Judicial activism C. Stare decisis D. Judicial liberalism E. Judicial conservatism
B
In 1937 the Supreme Court laid the groundwork for a stronger federal government by issuing a number of decisions that A. Dramatically narrowed the definition of the commerce clause B. Dramatically expanded the definition of the commerce clause C. Struck down the supremacy clause D. Struck down the privileges and immunities clause E. Struck down the full faith and credit clause
B
In the 2016 general election, voters who said they felt the country and the economy were headed in the wrong direction were most likely to vote for A. Hillary Clinton B. Donald Trump C. Jill Stein D. Gary Johnson E. Jeb Bush
B
Libertarianism refers to A. A political ideology that emphasizes social ownership and strong government B. A political ideology that emphasizes freedom and voluntary association with small government C. A political ideology that argues for the need to place strict limitations on voting rights and civil liberties D. A political ideology that argues a single ruler should have total control over every aspect of people's lives E. A political ideology that argues governments are inherently repressive and should be abolished entirely
B
Massive resistance refers to efforts by southern states during the late 1950s and early 1960s to A. Build public housing for poor blacks B. Defy federal mandates to desegregate public schools C. Give women the right to have an abortion D. Bus black students to white schools E. Stage large-scale protests against Jim Crow laws
B
Most leaks originate with A. Low-level government whistle-blowers B. Senior government officials, prominent politicians, and political activists C. Members of the public who witness misbehavior D. Ambassadors from foreign countries E. Members of the media
B
On average, how many U.S. House races can be classified as "very competitive" in each election? A. 0 B. 24 C. 100 D. 217 E. 435
B
Pluralism is a theory that says A. The means of economic production should be privately owned and operated without interference from the government B. All interests in a society should be free to compete for influence over governmental decisions C. Government should always follow the preferences of the majority while also protecting the rights of those in the minority D. American political culture should emphasize the values of liberty, equality, and democracy E. One ruler should dominate all spheres of social, political, economic, and cultural life
B
The Supreme Court case Youngstown Co. v. Sawyer was significant because A. It showed that the courts would never invalidate an executive order B. It showed that the courts would invalidate executive orders that have no statutory or constitutional basis C. It asserted that pocket vetoes were unconstitutional D. It upheld the notion of executive privilege E. It struck down the Budget and Impoundment Control Act
B
The Supreme Court's decision in Grutter v. Bollinger was significant because A. It stated that race can never be used as a factor in university admissions B. It stated that diversity is a compelling state interest and that university admissions that take racial categories into account are constitutional as long as they are highly individualized C. It outlawed quotas and separate university admission standards for members of minority groups D. It rejected mechanical point systems that favor minority applicants in university admissions E. It declared that affirmative action policies would no longer be subject to strict scrutiny from the courts
B
The Supreme Court's ruling in Lemon v. Kurtzman, which led to the Lemon test, concerned the issue of A. School desegregation B. Aid to religious schools C. Cruel and unusual punishment D. Obscenity E. Prayer in school
B
The ability of the president to veto a bill passed by Congress is a good example of A. Federalism B. The system of checks and balances C. The supremacy clause D. Civil liberties E. Bicameralism
B
The agreement reached at the Constitutional Convention that determined how slaves would be counted for the purposes of taxation and representation in the House of Representatives was called the A. Connecticut Compromise B. Three-Fifths Compromise C. Great Compromise D. Virginia Plan E. New Jersey Plan
B
The first governing document in the United States was A. The Declaration of Independence B. The Articles of Confederation C. The Constitution D. The Bill of Rights E. The Virginia Plan
B
The main difference between a 527 committee and a 501(c)(4) committee is that A. A 527 is not legally required to disclose where it gets its money while a 501(c)(4) is legally required to do so B. A 501(c)(4) is not legally required to disclose where it gets its money while a 527 is legally required to do so C. A 527 can only contribute to one campaign while a 501(c)(4) can contribute to many D. A 501(c)(4) can only contribute to one campaign while a 527 can contribute to many E. A 527 can legally coordinate its spending with a candidate's campaign while a 501(c)(4) cannot
B
The practice of tailoring campaign messages to individuals in small, homogeneous groups is referred to as A. Indexing B. Micro-targeting C. Winnowing D. External mobilization E. Internal mobilization
B
The principle of political equality can be best summed up as A. "Equality of results" B. "Equality of opportunity" C. "One person, one vote" D. "Equality between the sexes" E. "Leaving everyone alone"
B
The principle that allows the federal government to take over areas of regulation formerly overseen by states or local governments is called A. Project grants B. Preemption C. Devolution D. Categorical grants E. Formula grants
B
The process by which some of the liberties in the Bill of Rights were applied to the states is known as A. Preemption B. Selective incorporation C. Judicial activism D. Civil liberties E. Establishment
B
Today, the term ___________ refers to an ideology that supports social and political reform, greater economic equality, and expansion of government social services A. Libertarianism B. Liberalism C. Conservatism D. Democracy E. Moderate
B
What are the requirements for overriding a presidential veto? A. 50 percent plus one vote in both houses of Congress B. Two-thirds vote in both houses of Congress C. Two-thirds vote in the Senate only D. Three-fourths vote in both houses of Congress E. A presidential veto cannot be overridden by Congress
B
What are two ways that presidents can expand their power? A. Avoiding popular appeals and loosening their control of executive agencies B. Using popular appeals and bolstering their control of executive agencies C. Using popular appeals and loosening their control of executive agencies D. Avoiding popular appeals and bolstering their control of executive agencies E. Weakening national partisan institutions and bolstering their control of executive agencies
B
When a voter decides which candidate to vote for based on past performance, the voter is engaged in A. Prospective voting B. Retrospective voting C. Introspective voting D. Straight-ticket voting E. Split-ticket voting
B
When did civil rights become part of the Constitution? A. In 1789 at the Founding B. With the adoption of the Fourteenth Amendment in 1868 C. In 2008 when Barack Obama was elected president D. With the adoption of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920 E. In the 1954 Brown v. Board of Education decision
B
When state and local governments must conform to costly federal regulations or conditions in order to receive grants but do not receive reimbursements for their expenditures it is called A. A reciprocal grant B. An unfunded mandate C. General revenue sharing D. A concurrent grant E. A counterfunded mandate
B
When the president issues a rule or regulation that reorganizes or otherwise directs the affairs of the executive branch, such as the directive that established Environmental Protection Agency, it is called A. An executive agreement B. An executive order C. An executive mandate D. Administrative oversight E. Legislative initiative
B
Which article of the Constitution describes the basic powers of the presidency and the means of selecting presidents? A. Article I B. Article II C. Article III D. Article IV E. Article V
B
Which event shattered the amicable relationship between the press and the presidency? A. September 11, 2001 B. The Vietnam War C. Watergate D. World War II E. The Monica Lewinsky affair
B
Which of the following best describes the media's role in the Watergate affair? A. They played a central role in reporting on President Nixon's resignation but did little to reveal his abuses of power while he was president B. They played a central role in President Nixon's decision to resign from the presidency by revealing his abuses of power to the public C. They played a central role in disproving claims that President Nixon had abused his power while in office D. They played almost no role in the Watergate affair because they were legally prohibited from discussing ongoing police investigations E. They played almost no role in the Watergate affair because they refused to investigate claims that President Nixon had abused his power
B
Which of the following best describes the size of the federal service? A. The size of the federal service has grown exponentially over the last 35 years B. The size of the federal service has changed very little over the last 35 years C. The size of the federal service reached its peak in 1955 and has been dramatically declining ever since D. The federal service has employed at least 15 percent of the American workforce every year since 1950 E. The federal service was eliminated during the 1990s in order to hire more state government employees
B
Which of the following describes a written statement made in "reckless disregard to the truth" that is considered damaging to a victim because it is "malicious, scandalous, and defamatory?" A. Slander B. Libel C. Speech plus D. Fighting words E. Expressive speech
B
Which of the following is a way in which the House and Senate are different? A. The House is more a deliberative legislative body than the Senate B. The House is more centralized and organized than the Senate C. Senators serve smaller and more homogeneous constituencies than members of the House D. Senators are often more attuned to the legislative needs of local interest groups than members of the House E. There are no important differences between the House and the Senate
B
Which of the following is an example of a government corporation? A. National Aeronautics and Space Administration B. Amtrak C. Federal Bureau of Investigation D. Environmental Protection Agency E. Department of Justice
B
Which of the following is an important reason for the enormous increase in the number of groups seeking to influence the American political system? A. The decrease in the size and activity of government during the last few decades B. The increase in the size and activity of government during the last few decades C. The increase in the amount of soft money in election campaigns in recent decades D. The increase in legal protection provided to interest groups as a result of the Supreme Court's evolving interpretation of the First Amendment E. The increase in the number of people identifying themselves as independent in recent decades
B
Which of the following is not a technique that can be used to block debate about or action on a bill in the Senate? A. Filibuster B. Caucus C. The introduction of new amendments D. Cloture E. Placing holds on bills
B
Which of the following is the term used in public opinion polling to denote the small group representing the opinions of the whole population? A. Control group B. Sample C. Micropopulation D. Respondents E. Median voters
B
Which of the following military and war powers does the Constitution not assign to the president? A. Command of the army and navy of the United States B. The power to declare war C. Command of the state militias D. The power to make treaties E. The Constitution assigns all of the powers above to the president
B
Which of the following play an important role in shaping the flow of cases heard by the Supreme Court? A. The attorney general and the secretary of state B. The solicitor general and federal law clerks C. The president and Congress D. State legislatures E. The federal district and circuit courts
B
________ play an important role in American politics because they are influential among the political elite A. Academic journals B. Newspapers C. Facebook posts D. Political cartoons E. YouTube videos
B
Although not present at the national level, a number of states and cities permit citizens to vote directly on laws and policies. What is this form of rule called? A. Republic B. Representative democracy C. Direct democracy D. Pluralism E. Laissez-faire capitalism
C
An agreement between members of Congress to trade support for each other's bills is known as A. Oversight B. Filibuster C. Logrolling D. Patronage E. Cloture
C
An incumbent is a candidate who A. Does not currently hold office B. Has the support of both major parties C. Already holds the office he or she is running for D. Has won his or her party's primary election E. Has been nominated at the party convention
C
Approximately how many people work for agencies within the Executive Office of the President? A. 25 to 50 B. 700 to 1000 C. 1500 to 2000 D. 4500 to 5000 E. 25000 to 30000
C
Friendship and networking are examples of A. Purposive benefits B. Informational benefits C. Solidary benefits D. Material benefits E. Member dues
C
If a state has 10 members in the U.S. House of Representatives, how many votes in the electoral college does that state have? A. 2 B. 10 C. 12 D. 20 E. The number of votes cannot be determined from this information
C
In 2016, Trump and the Republicans received a majority of votes from A. Whites and Asian Americans B. Whites, Latinos, and women C. Whites and men D. African Americans and more affluent voters E. Latinos and young voters
C
In Buckley v. Valeo, the Supreme Court ruled that A. PAC donations to campaigns are constitutionally protected B. Candidates cannot spend any of their own money to run for office C. The right of individuals to spend their own money to campaign is constitutionally protected D. There is no limit to the number of candidates to whom an individual can contribute E. The Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act is unconstitutional
C
In general, FCC regulations apply only to A. Cable television B. Internet websites C. Over-the-air broadcast media D. Satellite radio E. Newspapers and magazines
C
In nearly every election since 1980, the average amount of money spent by House incumbents to secure reelection has A. Been about the same as the average amount of money spent by challengers B. Been less than the average amount of money spent by challengers C. Been greater than the average amount of money spent by challengers D. Been $0 due to federal laws that provide campaign funds for incumbents E. Been $1 million due to federal laws that provide campaign funds for incumbents
C
In states that allow registration on the day of the election A. Overall voter turnout rates are lower than in other states B. No significant difference in overall voter turnout has been measured C. Younger and less educated voters turn out in larger percentages D. Widespread voter fraud has called a number of election outcomes into question E. Younger and less educated voters turn out in lower numbers
C
Recent research in political science indicates that partisan polarization has A. Prevented party endorsements of an issue or candidate from ever playing a role in the formation of public opinion B. Led party endorsements of an issue or candidate to have a smaller impact on the formation of public opinion than they used to C. Led party endorsements of an issue or candidate to have a larger impact on the formation of public opinion than they used to D. Led to an exponential increase in the amount of political knowledge most Americans possess E. Had no effect on public opinion or on how people form their political attitudes
C
The Supreme Court has ruled that A. Congressional districts cannot be drawn in a way to favor the incumbent candidate B. Race can be the predominant factor in drawing congressional districts C. Race cannot be the predominant factor in drawing congressional districts D. States cannot use unelected, nonpartisan committees to draw congressional districts E. The use of computer technologies to draw congressional districts is unconstitutional
C
The U.S. Supreme Court's power to review state actions comes from A. Tort law B. Hamdi v. Rumsfeld and Hamdan v. Rumsfeld C. The supremacy clause of the Constitution and the Judiciary Act of 1789 D. Certiorari and amicus certiorari E. The Supreme Court does not have the power to review state actions
C
The congressional election system in the United States is called "first past the post" because A. Candidates must win both a primary election and a general election before taking office B. Seats in the House of Representatives and Senate are allocated to political parties based on their share of total vote cast in the election C. The candidate with the most votes wins even if he did not win a majority of the popular vote D. A candidate can win an election only if he wins a majority of the popular vote E. More Americans now vote by mail than at their local polling places
C
The doctrine that previous court decisions should apply as precedents in similar cases is known as A. Habeas corpus B. A writ of certiorari C. Stare decisis D. Rule of four E. Senatorial courtesy
C
The draft constitution that was introduced at the start of the Constitutional Convention was authored by Edmund Randolph but showed the strong influence of A. William Patterson B. Benjamin Franklin C. James Madison D. George Clinton E. Thomas Jefferson
C
The executive branch is kept accountable to the public mainly by A. The judiciary B. Direct, popular election of top bureaucrats C. The president and Congress D. The media E. Administrative adjudication
C
The media's powers to determine what becomes a part of political discussion and to shape how political events are interpreted are known as A. Media consolidation and selection bias B. Issue definition and protest power C. Agenda setting and framing D. The illusion of saliency and the bandwagon effect E. The equal time rule and the right of rebuttal
C
The now defunct requirement that broadcasters provide time for opposing views when they air programs on controversial issues was called A. The equal time rule B. The free speech doctrine C. The fairness doctrine D. The right of rebuttal E. The response rule
C
The relationship between the states and the national government from 1789 to 1937 is known as A. Unitary government B. New Federalism C. Dual federalism D. Cooperative federalism E. Regulated federalism
C
The term public opinion is used to describe A. The speeches and writings made by a president during his or her term in office B. The analysis of events broadcast by news reporters during the evening news C. The beliefs and attitudes that people have about issues, events, elected officials, and policies D. Decisions of the Supreme Court E. Any political statement that is made by a citizen outside of his or her home
C
To overcome the free-rider problem, groups A. Lobby Congress B. Litigate C. Provide selective benefits D. Provide collective goods E. Go public
C
What did the Supreme Court rule in United States v. Nixon? A. Nixon had to turn his secret White House tapes over to congressional investigators because presidents do not have the power of executive privilege B. Nixon did not have to turn his secret White House tapes over to congressional investigators because, in general, presidents have the power of executive privilege C. Nixon had to turn his secret White House tapes over to congressional investigators but, in general, presidents have the power of executive privilege D. Nixon did not have to turn his secret White House tapes over to congressional investigators but, in general, presidents do not have the power of executive privilege E. All presidents are immune from criminal investigations and cannot, therefore, be tried in any court of law
C
What is the basic difference between an autocracy and an oligarchy? A. The extent to which average citizens have a say in government affairs B. The means of collecting taxes and conscripting soldiers C. The number of people who control governing decisions D. The size and political influence of the military E. There are no differences between autocracies and oligarchies
C
When the government is formally limited in what it can control and how it controls it, this is known as A. Totalitarian government B. Authoritarian government C. Constitutional government D. Autocracy E. Oligarchy
C
Where was the execution of laws conducted under the Articles of Confederation? A. The presidency B. The Congress C. The states D. The federal bureaucracy E. The federal judiciary
C
Which amendment to the Constitution stated that the powers not delegated to the national government or prohibited to the states were "reserved to the states?" A. First Amendment B. Fifth Amendment C. Tenth Amendment D. Fourteenth Amendment E. Twenty-Sixth Amendment
C
The process by which Americans learn political beliefs and values is called A. Brainwashing B. Propaganda C. Indoctrination D. Political socialization E. Political development
D
Which event led directly to the Constitutional Convention by providing evidence that the government created under the Articles of Confederation was unable to act decisively in times of national crisis? A. The Boston Tea Party B. The Boston Massacre C. Shay's Rebellion D. The Annapolis Convention E. The War of 1812
C
Which famous case deals with the Sixth Amendment's guarantee of the right to counsel? A. Roe v. Wade B. Mapp v. Ohio C. Gideon v. Wainwright D. Terry v. Ohio E. Miranda v. Arizona
C
Which of the following are examples of the "going public" strategy? A. Free riding, pluralism, and issue networking B. Donating money to political parties, endorsing candidates, and sponsoring ballot initiatives C. Institutional advertising, grassroots advertising, and protests and demonstrations D. Providing informational benefits, providing solidary benefits, and providing material benefits E. Filing an amicus brief, bringing a lawsuit, and financing those who are filing a lawsuit
C
Which of the following best describes the media's use of press releases? A. Press releases are never incorporated into daily news reports because it is illegal under federal law B. Press releases are never incorporated into daily news reports because reporters view the information they contain as biased and politically motivated C. Thousands of press releases are incorporated into daily news reports every year because press releases allow news organizations to fill their pages at little cost D. Press releases are rarely incorporated into daily news reports because reporters view the information as biased and politically motivated E. Every press release written by a political party, interest group, candidate, or government official is incorporated into daily news reports because reporters view the information as newsworth
C
Which of the following cases extended fundamental civil rights protections to gay men and lesbians? A. Bowers v. Hardwick B. Lau v. Nichols C. Romer v. Evans D. Regents of the University of California v. Bakke E. There has never been a Supreme Court ruling extending fundamental civil rights protections to gay men and lesbians
C
Which of the following is not included in the original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court? A. Cases between the United States and one of the 50 states B. Cases brought by one state against citizens of another state or against a foreign country C. Cases involving challenges to the constitutionality of state laws D. Cases between two or more states E. Cases involving foreign ambassadors or other ministers
C
Which of the following organizations established a legal defense fund to challenge segregation? A. The Association of American Trial Lawyers B. The National Association of Evangelicals C. The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People D. The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee E. The Southern Christian Leadership Council
C
Which of the following statements about Latinos is not accurate? A. Latinos have tended to favor Democratic candidates in recent national elections B. In some large states, such as California and Texas, Latinos are approaching 50 percent of the population C. Latinos have tended to favor Republican candidates in recent national elections D. Latinos make up approximately 17 percent of the population E. Latino registration and turnout rates have been lower than those of whites and African Americans in recent elections
C
Which of the following statements about vice presidents is not true? A. The vice president succeeds the president in case of death, resignation, or incapacitation B. The vice president casts the tie-breaking vote in the Senate when necessary C. The vice president serves as an honorary member of the Supreme Court D. Eight vice presidents have had to replace American presidents who died in office E. Presidential candidates often select a vice presidential candidate who is likely to bring the support of a state that would not otherwise support the ticket
C
Which of the following tools has the federal government used in the past to create similarities across states? A. States' rights B. General revenue sharing C. Grants-in-aid D. Eminent domain E. Home rule
C
Which of the following types of committees include members of both the House and the Senate? A. Standing committee B. Select committee C. Conference committee D. Rules committee E. No committees include both House members and senators
C
Which party pledged to ban slavery from the western territories in 1850? A. American Independent B. Prohibition C. Republican D. Democratic E. Whig
C
Which statement best describes the relationship between public opinion and government policy? A. Public opinion almost never influences government policy B. Government policy almost never influences public opinion C. The relationship between government policy and public opinion is dynamic, wherein government policy responds to public opinion but public opinion also shifts based on new government policies D. Public opinion always influences government policy because lawmakers are legally bound to enact the majority's preferences E. Government policy never influences public opinion because most Americans pay very little attention to politics
C
Which term describes the division of powers between the national government and the state government? A. Home rule B. Separation of powers C. Federalism D. Checks and balances E. Unitary system
C
The size of the Supreme Court is determined by A. The president B. The chief justice C. The Department of Justice D. Congress E. The Constitution
D
A notable example of the process of giving the states more responsibility for administering government programs is A. Campaign finance reform B. Prison reform C. Social Security D. Welfare reform E. Trade reform
D
Americans refer to government policy about banks, credit, and currency as A. Interstate commerce policy B. Deficit policy C. Fiscal policy D. Monetary policy E. Regulatory policy
D
An "earmark" is A. A rule in the House of Representatives that limits who can be heard during legislative debates B. A congressional district drawn to advantage candidates from a certain racial or ethnic group C. A law that grants some special privilege or exemption to a single individual D. Language inserted into a bill by a member of Congress that provides special benefits for the member of Congress's constituents E. A weekly, informal meeting between members of Congress and their constituents
D
By identifying problems and proposing policies that will expand their party's base of support, party leaders can act as A. Party bosses B. Convention delegates C. Patrons D. Policy entrepreneurs E. Party activists
D
Devolution refers to A. The gradual decline in efficiency that always comes when government begins to implement a new program B. Moving all or part of a program from the public sector to the private sector C. A policy of reducing or eliminating regulatory restraints on the conduct of individuals or private institutions D. A policy to remove a program from one level of government by passing it down to a lower level of government E. Reducing the overall number of regulatory agencies in the federal bureaucracy
D
Discount purchasing and health insurance are examples of A. Purposive benefits B. Informational benefits C. Solidary benefits D. Material benefits E. Member dues
D
In McDonald v. Chicago, the Supreme Court ruled that A. States can require citizens to own firearms B. Federal grants can be used to support the formation of state militias C. Felons can be prevented from purchasing assault rifles D. The Second Amendment applies to states as well as the federal government E. The Second Amendment applies only to the federal government and not to states
D
In United States v. Wong Kim Ark, the Supreme Court ruled that A. School districts must provide bilingual education for students whose English is limited B. The internment of Japanese Americans during World War II was constitutional on the grounds of military necessity C. The 1882 Chinese Exclusion Act was an unconstitutional form of racial discrimination D. Anyone born in the United States was entitled to full citizenship E. Chinese immigrants were ineligible for citizenship in the United States
D
In the 2016 presidential election, public funding A. Was accepted by both major-party candidates B. Was accepted by Hillary Clinton only C. Was accepted by Donald Trump only D. Was declined by both major-party candidates E. Was not available
D
In which case did the Supreme Court create the potential for increased national power by ruling that Congress could use the necessary and proper clause to interpret its delegated powers broadly? A. United States v. Lopez B. Printz v. United States C. Loving v. Virginia D. McCulloch v. Maryland E. Gibbons v. Ogden
D
In which case did the Supreme Court rule that state governments no longer had the authority to make private sexual behavior a crime? A. Texas v. Johnson B. Webster v. Reproductive Health Services C. Gonzales v. Oregon D. Lawrence v. Texas E. Bowers v. Hardwick
D
Members of Congress take their constituent's views into account because A. The Supreme Court can invalidate laws passed without majority support in the public B. Interest groups are forbidden from lobbying during legislative votes C. Most constituents pay close attention to what's going on in Congress at all times D. They worry that their voting record will be scrutinized at election time E. They can be impeached if they go against their constituents' policy preferences
D
One reason that there are fewer women than men in elected office is that A. There is a limit set by the Constitution on the number of women who can serve in the House of Representatives B. Fewer women are eligible to run for office under the rules created by state and local governments C. Women are less likely to vote in elections than men D. Women are less likely to run for office than men E. Women are less likely to win elections than men
D
The 2002 Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act outlawed A. Patronage B. Primaries C. Hard money D. Soft money E. Dark money
D
The Consumer Confidence Index A. Measures how business leaders rate the federal government's regulation of the economy during election years B. Was a federal government program designed to increase economic growth during the Reagan administration C. Has been an inaccurate predictor of presidential outcomes D. Has been a fairly accurate predictor of presidential outcomes E. Is based on government reports of objective economic indicators
D
The Founders chose to select the president through indirect election in order to A. Increase the strength and influence of political parties B. Build an imperial presidency that would overwhelm the power of Congress C. Force the president to be responsive to the will of the people D. Make the president responsible to state and national legislators E. Create a more independent chief executive
D
The digital divide means A. Some citizens watch television news and some do not B. Newspapers rarely publish the same stories on their websites that they do in their print editions C. Few politicians maintain websites once they are elected to office D. Not all citizens have equal access to the Internet E. People who learn about politics online are less informed than those who learn about it through traditional media
D
The so-called New Deal coalition was severely strained A. During the 1860s by conflicts over slavery and southern secession B. During the 1890s by conflicts over the gold standard C. During the 1930s by conflicts over the Great Depression and America's involvement in World War II D. During the 1960s by conflicts over civil rights and the Vietnam War E. During the 1990s by conflicts over abortion and affirmative action
D
The term writ of habeas corpus refers to A. A short, unsigned decision by an appellate court, usually rejecting a petition to review the decision of a lower court B. A criterion used by courts to screen cases that no longer require attention C. A decision of at least four of the nine Supreme Court justices to review a decision of a lower court D. A court order than an individual in custody be brought into court and shown the cause for his or her detention E. A brief filed by the solicitor general when the federal government is not a direct litigant in a Supreme Court case
D
Third parties have influenced national politics mainly by A. Electing their candidates to the presidency B. Electing their candidates to Congress C. Supporting the major parties' platforms D. Promoting specific issues and ideas E. Preventing realignments
D
To what does the term New Federalism refer? A. The era of federalism initiated by President Roosevelt during the late 1930s B. The national government's regulation of state action through grants-in-aid C. The type of federalism that uses categorical grants to influence state action D. Efforts to return more policy-making discretion to the states through the use of block grants E. The recent emergence of local governments as important political actors
D
Voter-registration and processes are determined and controlled by A. Local governments B. The federal government C. The U.S. Constitution D. The states E. An independent organization
D
What is digital citizenship? A. A new government initiative to expand online voter registration B. The ability to vote online C. An online certification program that allows immigrants to become American citizens D. The ability to participate in society online E. A new government initiative to provide daily legislative updates online
D
When a voter casts a ballot for a party's presidential candidate and then "automatically" votes for the rest of that party's candidates it is referred to as A. Primary voting B. One-way voting C. Proportional representaion D. Straight-ticket voting E. Split-ticket voting
D
Which of the following best describes the federal government's laws regarding lobbying? A. Federal law allows lobbying but only on issues related to taxation B. Federal law allows lobbying but only if the lobbyists receive no monetary compensation for their lobbying C. Federal law strictly prohibits any form of lobbying D. Federal law requires all organizations employing lobbyists to register with Congress and to disclose whom they represent, whom they lobby, what they are looking for, and how much they are paid E. There are no laws regulating lobbying because the federal government has never passed any legislation on the legality of the activity
D
Which of the following declared that "equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex?" A. The Lily Ledbetter Fair Pay Act B. Title IV of the 1964 Civil Rights Act C. The DREAM Act D. The Equal Rights Amendment E. Obergefell v. Hodges
D
Which of the following factors is not currently an obstacle to voting the in the United States? A. Registration requirements B. That elections occur on Tuesdays C. The restriction of voting rights for people who have committed a felony D. Literacy tests E. Voter identification laws
D
Which of the following is not determined at a party's national convention? A. The party's candidate for president B. The party's candidate for vice president C. The party's campaign platform for the presidential race D. The congressional committees party representatives will be assigned to E. The rules and regulations governing party procedures
D
Which of the following made discrimination by private employers and state governments illegal? A. The Fourteenth Amendment B. The Fifteenth Amendment C. Brown v. Board of Education D. The 1964 Civil Rights Act E. Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
D
Which of the following statements about Congress and the bureaucracy is not true? A. Bureaucracies employ people who have much more specialized expertise in specific policy areas than do members of Congress B. Members of Congress often prefer to delegate politically difficult decision making to bureaucrats C. While Congress is responsible for making laws, the bureaucracy is responsible for filling in the blanks by determining how the laws should be implemented D. Congress banned rule making by the federal bureaucracy in 1995 E. Congress relies heavily on bureaucratic flexibility in implementing laws because updating legislation can take many years and bureaucrats can ensure that laws are administered in ways that take new conditions into account
D
Which of the following statements about political knowledge is not accurate? A. In general, citizens with high levels of political knowledge are more likely to be partisans B. In general, citizens with high levels of political knowledge are more likely to have an ideology C. In general, citizens with high levels of political knowledge are better able to evaluate new information and determine if it is consistent with their beliefs and opinions D. In general, citizens with high levels of political knowledge are less likely to belong to political organizations and to be active in politics E. In general, citizens with high levels of political knowledge are better able to recognize their political interests and to act to further those interests
D
Which of the following statements best describes the history of income inequality in the United States? A. The top 1 percent has never earned more than 10 percent of the nation's annual income B. The top 1 percent has never earned less than 10 percent of the nation's annual income C. Income inequality has remained fairly constant since the late 1970s D. Income inequality has increased considerably since the late 1970s E. Income inequality has decreased considerably since the late 1970s
D
Which of the following statements best describes the social composition of the U.S. Congress? A. The majority of representatives do not have university degrees B. Men and women are equally represented in Congress C. Most members of Congress do not affiliate with any specific religion D. The legal profession is the dominant career of most members of Congress prior to their election E. The number of African American, Latino, and Asian American representatives has decreased over the last 20 years
D
Which of the following techniques is considered most effective in mobilizing voters? A. Mass mailings B. Robocalls C. Phone calls made by volunteers D. Face-to-face contact E. Television advertisements
D
Which of the following would not be accurately characterized as a traditional limitation on the power of the federal courts? A. The president shapes the federal judiciary through the appointment process B. Courts lack enforcement powers of their own and are compelled to rely on executive or state agencies to ensure compliance with their rulings C. Congress has the power to change both the size and jurisdiction of the federal courts D. Courts can act to offer relief or assistance to broad social classes but not to specific individuals E. Courts cannot exercise power on their own initiative and must wait for cases to be brought to them
D
Which president instituted the bureaucratic reform of the National Performance Review? A. Richard Nixon B. Lyndon Johnson C. Jimmy Carter D. Bill Clinton E. George W. Bush
D
Which state's proposal embodied a principle of representing states in the Congress according to their size and wealth? A. New Jersey B. Maryland C. Rhode Island D. Virginia E. Connecticut
D
A stable relationship between a bureaucratic agency, a clientele group, and a legislative committee is called A. A standing committee B. A conference committee C. A cabinet D. An issue network E. An iron triangle
E
Adversarial journalism refers to A. The recent shift in American society away from general-purpose sources of information and toward narrowly focused niche sources B. An era in American history when political parties provided all of the financing for newspapers C. A form of reporting in which the media adopt a skeptical or even hostile posture toward the opinions and behaviors of their audience D. A form of reporting in which the media adopt an accepting and friendly posture toward the government and public officials E. A form of reporting in which the media adopt a skeptical or even hostile posture toward the government and public officials
E
African Americans A. Almost never participate in politics B. Consistently support the Republican Party in elections C. Vote at much higher rates than whites D. Have never voted as a cohesive bloc E. Are more likely to participate when they feel a shared sense of collective identity
E
Following the Citizens United decision in 2010, electoral spending by interest groups and Super PACs A. Declined dramatically B. Declined slightly C. Remained roughly the same D. Increased slightly E. Increased dramatically
E
Political efficacy is the belief that A. Government is wasteful and corrupt B. Government operates efficiently C. Government has grown too large D. Government cannot be trusted E. Ordinary citizens can influence what government does
E
The Supreme Court's decision in Marbury v. Madison was important because A. It invalidated state laws prohibiting interracial marriage B. It ruled that the recitation of prayers in public schools is unconstitutional under the establishment clause of the First Amendment C. It established that arrested people have the right to remain silent, the right to be informed that anything they say can be held against them, and the right to counsel before and during police interrogation D. It provided an expansive definition of commerce under the interstate commerce clause E. It established the power of judicial review
E
The War Powers Resolution of 1973 was an act passed by Congress that A. Required the CIA to collect intelligence on all Americans born in a foreign country B. Outlawed presidential use of executive agreements C. Created the National Security Council D. Granted the president the authority to declare war E. Stipulated military forces must be withdrawn within 60 days in the absence of a specific congressional authorization for their continued deployment
E
The decline in partisan attachment in the electorate is referred to as A. Polarization B. Independentification C. Unalignment D. Realignment E. Dealignment
E
The formal requirements for service as a federal judge include A. Experience as a state-level judge B. A minimum age of 30 C. A minimum of 10 years' legal experience D. A neutral political background E. There are no formal requirements for service as a federal judge
E
The judicial doctrine that places a heavy burden of proof on the government when it seeks to regulate or restrict speech is called A. Judicial restraint B. Judicial activism C. Habeas corpus D. Prior restraint E. Strict scrutiny
E
The periodic episodes in American history in which an "old" dominant political party is replaced by a "new" dominant political party are called A. Constitutional revolutions B. Divided governments C. Unified governments D. Dealignments E. Electoral realignments
E
To win under the plurality system used in most American elections a candidate must receive A. More than 50 percent of the popular vote B. More than 50 percent in the runoff election C. More than two-thirds of the popular vote D. More than 75 percent of the popular vote E. More votes than his or her opponents, regardless of the percentage
E
Which constitutional clause requires that states normally honor the public acts and judicial decisions of other states? A. Privileges and immunities clause B. Necessary and proper clause C. Interstate commerce clause D. Preemption clause E. Full faith and credit clause
E
Which government official is responsible for arguing the federal government's position in cases before the Supreme Court? A. The vice president B. The attorney general C. The chief justice D. The U.S. district attorney E. The solicitor general
E
Which mechanism was instituted in the Congress to guard against "excessive democracy?" A. Bicameralism B. Staggered terms in office C. Checks and balances D. Selection of senators by state legislatures E. All of the above
E
Which of the following are not part of the executive branch? A. Cabinet departments B. Government corporations C. Independent regulatory commissions D. Agencies E. All of the above are parts of the executive branch
E
Which of the following best describes the Supreme Court as understood by the Founders? A. The principal check on presidential power B. The arbiter of disputes within the Congress C. The body that would choose the president D. A figurehead commission of elders E. The highest court of both the national government and the states
E
Which of the following best describes the changes in government contracting since 2000? A. Spending on government contracts has decreased, while spending by contractors on lobbying and campaign contributions has increased B. Spending on government contracts has decreased, while spending by contractors on lobbying and campaign contributions has also decreased C. Government contracting ended in 2000 as a result of the Supreme Court's decision in Immigration and Naturalization Service v. Chadha D. Spending on government contracts has remained constant since 2000 due to a congressional law that limits federal spending on government contracts to $400 billion per year E. Spending on government contracts has increased, while spending by contractors on lobbying and campaign contributions also has increased
E
Which of the following could be described as a Jim Crow law? A. A law forcing blacks and whites to ride on separate trains B. A law criminalizing interracial marriage C. A law requiring blacks and whites to attend different schools D. A law segregating all public accommodations, such as hotels, restaurants, and theaters E. All of the above are examples of Jim Crow laws
E
Which of the following features of the House of Representatives is determined by a vote of the whole membership rather than by decisions within each party? A. The assignments of individual members to particular committees B. Advancement up the committee ladder C. The ability of individual members to transfer from one committee to another D. The use of the seniority system for determining committee chairs E. Selection of the Speaker of the House
E
Which of the following is a way that interest groups use the courts to influence public policy? A. Supplying judges with solidary benefits B. Joining an issue network C. Creating an iron triangle D. Forming a political action committee E. Filing amicus curiae briefs
E
Which of the following is an important principle of American democracy? A. Popular sovereignty B. Majority rule C. Political equality D. Minority rights E. All of the above are important principles of American democracy
E
Which of the following is not a form of traditional political participation? A. Volunteering for a campaign B. Attending an abortion rights rally C. Contributing money to the Democratic Party D. Voting in an election E. Signing an online petition
E
Which of the following is not a reason that many Americans appear to prefer online news? A. The convenience of getting news online B. The up-to-the-minute currency of the information available online C. The depth of the information available online D. The diversity of online viewpoints E. The accuracy and objectivity compared to traditional media outlets
E
Which of the following is not a resource that party leaders in Congress use to create party discipline? A. Leadership PACs B. Committee assignments C. Access to the floor D. The whip system E. Party unity votes
E
Which of the following is not related to the American conception of liberty? A. Freedom of speech B. Economic freedom C. Freedom of religion D. Freedom of assembly E. All of the above are related to the American conception of liberty
E
Which of the following protections is not contained in the First Amendment? A. The establishment clause B. The free exercise clause C. Freedom of the press D. The right to peaceably assemble E. The right to privacy
E
Which of the following provisions of the Bill of Rights was incorporated in 2010? A. The right to counsel in any criminal trial B. The right against self-incrimination C. Freedom from unnecessary searches and seizures D. Freedom to petition the government for redress of grievance E. The right to bear arms
E
Which of the following rights was not included in the original Constitution? A. Prohibition of bills of attainder B. Prohibition of ex post facto laws C. Guarantee of habeas corpus D. Guarantee of trial by jury in the state where the crime was committed E. None. They were all included in the original Constitution
E
Which of the following statements about young people's political attitudes is most accurate? A. Younger people are less supportive of strong environmental laws than older people B. Younger people are less likely to oppose military intervention overseas than older people C. Younger people are more concerned about privacy than older people D. Younger people are significantly less concerned with the economy and national security than older people E. Younger people are more supportive of funding for public education and colleges than older people
E
Which of the following statements best describes termination of government programs? A. In the 12 years of the Reagan and George H. W. Bush administrations over 50 national government programs were terminated B. In the 12 years of the Reagan and George H. W. Bush administrations over 100 national government programs were terminated C. In the 12 years of the Reagan and George H. W. Bush administrations over 1000 national government programs were terminated D. Terminating government programs is an easy process that occurs frequently at the federal level E. Terminating government programs is a difficult process that rarely occurs at the federal level
E
Which of the following was not a reason that the Articles of Confederation seemed inadequate? A. The lack of a national military B. The inability of the federal government to enforce treaties C. The persistent economic turmoil among states D. The growing power of radical forces in state legislatures E. The Congress of the Confederation's strict control over state governments
E
Which of the following were the Antifederalists most concerned with? A. Interstate commerce B. The protection of property C. The distinction between principles and interests D. Abolishing slavery E. The potential for tyranny in the central government
E
Which one of the following is an agent of socialization? A. The family B. Social groups C. Education D. Political environment E. All of the above are agents of socialization
E
Which types of interest groups are most often associated with the New Politics movement? A. Political action committees B. Professional associations C. Public-sector groups D. Labor groups E. Public interest groups
E