Political Science Final

Political ideologies are primarily which of the following? a. descriptions of political reality b. descriptions of how politics ought to be c. explanations of political conflict d. descriptions of political history e. predictions of the political future

b. descriptions of how politics ought to be

Excessive reliance on force and oppressive las by the state can be termed a. terrorism b. establishment violence c. revolution from above d. self defense

b. establishment violence

Which of the following is NOT a major role of the legislature? a. oversight of the executive branch b. interpretation of laws c. representation of citizens d. enactment of legislations

b. interpretation of laws

A basic problem with many multiparty system is that a. policy positions are unclear b. it can be difficult to create a governing legislative majority c. voters can shift from one party to another d. none of the above

b. it can be difficult to create a governing legislative majority

Adherents of classical liberalism particularly adhere to the belief that the role of government should be a. to mitigate social ills b. limited c. to support a strong and effective welfare state d. to insure that taxes are fair e. to protect the country against foreign influences

b. limited

By the late 1980's, a key economic strategy of most developing countries was a. to emphasize agricultural self sufficiency b. neoliberalism c. to prevent further investment by multinational corporations d. to import substitution

b. neoliberalism

Which of the following is NOT an obstacle to development in many developing countries? a. corruption b. new agricultural technologies c. internal disorder d. overpopulation

b. new agricultural technologies

An interest group is transformed into a political party when it a. is effectively organized b. seeks to place its members in office c. has a large number of members throughout the country d. obtains substantial financial resources e. develops policy positions that are supported by many people

b. seeks to place its members in office

Which of the following refers to the contemporary definition of a "liberal" in the United States? a. someone who supports minimal governmental intervention and personal freedom b. someone who supports extensive governmental intervention and policies that increase equality of condition c. someone who supports the nationalization of all factors of production d. someone who believes that a strong leader is essential e. someone who believes the constitution is a flawed document

b. someone who supports extensive governmental intervention and policies that increase equality of condition

A major global group of key industrial and emerging-market counties that meets periodically is called a. The EU b. The G-20 c. The ICC d. The ICJ

b. the G-20

A major factor in the elite approach explanation of policymaking is a. the effective conspiracies among people who hold power b. the apathy of most people regarding policy decisions c. the shared interests of the elite and the mass d. the fact that the elite is dependent of the mass

b. the apathy of most people regarding policy decisions

According to Samuel Huntington, how many waves of democratization have there been among modern states? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 14

c. 3

Antagonism of the neoliberal model is especially associated with a. Vladimir Putin b. Augosto Pinochet c. Hugo Chavez d. Bruce Wayne

c. Hugo Chavez

A comprehensive set of beliefs about the political world is a. a political culture b. a basis of national character c. a political ideology d. composed primarily of cognitive orientations e. survey research

c. a political ideology

A serious problem for the mixed economies in many countries in the Global North is a. insufficient technological knowledge b. high rates of savings and investments c. an increasingly competitive international economic system d. hyperinflation

c. an increasingly competitive international economic system

When decisions are accepted as binding by the people affected, the decisions may be described as a. consensual b. judicial c. authoritative d. rational

c. authoritative

The developed countries assess their prosperity primarity in terms of a. political stability b. health statistics c. economic growth d. the unemployment rate

c. economic growth

Which of the following is not a function of a political party? a. recruitment of candidates for public offices b. coordination of government operations c. implementation of laws d. the number of political parties e. type of interest group

c. implementation of laws

An ideological political party a. holds extreme political views b. rarely cooperates with other parties c. is deeply committed to certain policy goals d. all of the above

c. is deeply committed to certain policy goals

Critics of the pluralist approach argue that a. it places too much emphasis on the role of the government b. it fails to recognize that an individual can belong to many different groups c. it downplays the fact that some groups win almost all the time d. it ignores the fact that different groups are active in different policy domains

c. it downplays the fact that some groups win almost all the time

A political group is most likely to exert more influence on the government when a. its members care deeply about an issue b. it resists compromise c. it has greater political resources d. it has an active website e. its leader is highly intelligent

c. it has greater political resources

The concept of an independent judiciary means a. judicial actors are not members of political parties b. judicial actors are not elected c. judicial actors are not constrained by the executive or legislature d. judicial actors control their ideological preferences

c. judicial actors are not constrained by the executive or legislature

In which region did European values and structures penetrate least during colonialism? a. latin america b. asia c. north africa and middle east d. sub-saharan africa

c. north africa and middle east

The main problem with the international court of justice is that a. international laws are too ambiguous b. the court is not impartial c. one or both disputing countries often do not accept the court's jurisdiction d. the court's personnel cannot manage the workload

c. one or both disputing countries often do not accept the court's jurisdiction

Which of the following is NOT among the eight essential functions that must be performed by every state, according to Gabriel Almond and his colleagues? a. interest articulation b. political socialization c. political modernization d. policy adjudication

c. political modernization

Revoluntionary socialist regimes a. place the highest priority on social development b. have minimal commitment to resource equality c. provide a very limited political role for the large majority of the population d. emphasize democratic politics

c. provide a very limited political role for the large majority of the population

a pragmatic political party a. emphasizes economic issues b. seeks major programmatic goals c. shifts its policy to gain votes d. does not obstruct the actions of the governing party

c. shifts its policy to gain votes

Which of the following is not an object of direct study in micropolitics a. individuals b. families c. societies d. committees e. juries

c. societies

Which of the following is a potential drawback of a bicarmal legislature? a. proliferation of elections b. less effective representation c. stalemates in policymaking d. proliferation of political parties

c. stalemates in policymaking

The poorest and least economically developed region in the world is a. central america b. south and central asia c. sub-saharan africa d. east asia

c. sub-saharan africa

res publica refers to a. a citizen's right to privacy b. a citizen's responsibility to support the government c. the appropriate domain of state activity d. the right of the state to protect its territory

c. the appropriate domain of state activity

In a political with a fused executive a. one actor carries out ceremonial aspects of the executive role while another carries out more political aspects b. a smaller number of people exercise collective executive leadership c. the ceremonial and political functions of the top executive both reside in the same actor d. all of the above e. none of the above

c. the ceremonial and political functions of the top executive both reside in the same actor

Which of the following is most responsible for the states relations with other countries? a, the legislature b. the administration c. the executive d. the judiciary

c. the executive

The term "sovereignty" refers to a. rule by a monarch b. a state's historical, political, and cultural boundaries c. the premise that each state is the ultimate source of law within its own boundaries d. the belief that the needs of the state are more imprtant than the needs of its citizens

c. the premise that each state is the ultimate source of law within its own boundaries

Which of the following is NOT one of the four major subfields of political science? a. political theory b. international relations. c. urban politics d. comparative politics e. all are major subfields

c. urban politics

Liberty, equality, freedom, and justice are examples of a. inputs b. requisite functions of the state c. values d. traditions

c. values

Which of the following is a basic problem with a two party system? a. it is very difficult for non incumbents to be elected. b. party positions are not responsive to changes in public opinion c. voters lack a sufficient array of alternatives d. voters rarely shift from one party to another

c. voters lack a sufficient array of alternatives

The case of of Nigeria and Phillippines in the Compare in 14 particularly emphasize a. the benefits of charismatic leadership b. the evolution to constitutional democracies c. the costs of war with neighboring countries d. such major obstacles to development as corruption and population growth

d. such major obstacles to development as corruption and population growth

The crucial feature of presidential government is a. the fusion of executive and judicial power b. legislative control of the budget c. constitutional limits on executive power d. the separation of executive and legislative power

d. the separation of executive and legislative power

The doctrine of territorial integrity holds that. a. a nation cannot exist across the boundaries of two states b. the boundaries of a state must be clearly defined c. a state should have a contiguous land mass d. the state has a right to resist any aggression or intervention within its boundaries

d. the state has no right to resist any aggression or intervention within its boundaries

Which is the best term for a situation when violence between countries becomes sustained and organized and (usually) involves hostilities between the regular military forces of the states? a. low intensity conflict b. guerrilla warfare c. state sponsored terrorism d. war

d. war

In many NIC's, current trends toward political democratization have also generated substantial a. economic growth b. ethnonationalism c. citizen satisfaction with political leaders d. forces of instability

d.forces of instability

In the elite approach, the term under structure generally refers to the a. government b. mass c. economic system d. all of the above

a. government

The current political system in France may be characterized as a(n) a. hybrid b. council system c. presidential system d. parliamentary system

a. hybrid

The formal attempt to institutionalize and constrain the interactions among states is a. international law b. diplomacy c. international agreements d. coercion

a. international law

Which of the following is the subfield of political science that focuses on the ideas and debates concerning important political questions? a. political theory b. international relations c. public administration d. comparative politics e. american politics?

a. political theory

The power of the judicial review means that judicial actors can a. revoke the actions of the legislature b. impeach the executive c. evaluate the actions of other judges d. reject the executives judicial appoinments

a. revoke the actions of the legislature

The ideas of the welfare state are most consistent with a. socialism b. facism c. nationalism d. conservatism e. classical liberalism

a. socialism

If the idea of "waves of democracy" is correct the proportion of democratic countries will a. sometimes increase and sometimes decline b. stabilize c. increase slowly d. increase rapidly

a. sometimes decrease and sometimes decline

The most important shared concept between the elite approach and the class approach is a. structured inequality b. extensive competition c. ignorant masses d. polarization

a. structured inequality

The most important security goal of a state is a. survival b. autonomy c. influence d. dominance

a. survival

A dictatorship is distinguished by a. the absence of a limited mandate for the government b. an all powerful leader c. state control of the major means of production d. a corrupt bureaucracy

a. the absence of a limited mandate for the government

the assumption that many different resources can influence policy decisions is crucial to a. the pluralist approach b. the class approach c. the elite approach

a. the pluralist approach

Among the wealthiest NIC's (in GDP per capita PPP) in Latin America are a. Brazil and Venezuela b. Argentina and Chile c. Brazil and Uruguay d. Costa Rica and Uruguay

b. Argentina and Chile

The term "class" used in the class approach denotes a. a group of individuals with a similar level of political sophistication b. a group of individuals who are similar in their possession of some fundamental values c. groups in society who have common life experiences d. a group of individuals with similar political views

b. a group of individuals who are similar in their possession of some fundamental value

Which of the following is NOT an important characteristic of a highly developed political system a. power centralized in the state b. a large military c. extensive state capabilities d. citizens support of political process

b. a large military

According to Thomas Kuhn, a theory is a. one scholars idea of how politics works b.a set of systemically linked generalizations c. the set of concepts that guide inquiry d. the most widely shared view about how a particular political process works e. a set of unproven speculations.

b. a set of systemically linked generalizations

the class approach differs from the elite approach because it assumes that a. political stratification is present in all societies b. all groups have the potential to exercise significant political power c. the government serves the dominant group. d. all of the above

b. all groups have the potential to exercise significant political power

The European Untion (EU) is an example of a. nongovernmental organization b. confederation c. unitary state d. multinational state

b. confederation

Which of the following ideologies place(s) particular importance on stability, tradition and loyalty to God and country? a. socialism b. conservatism c. classic liberalism d. none of the above e. all of the above

b. conservatism

Many observers claim that during the twentieth century the power of legislatures a. increased steadily b. declined significantly c. remained the same d. declined in bicameral but not in unicameral legislatures

b. declined significantly

The foreign policies of major developed countries in the 20th century might be particular faulted for a. failure to prevent devastating world wars b. greatly reducing their states' military preparedness c. failure to maintain a balance of power d. losing their states' prosperity relatively to the rest of the world

a. failure to prevent devastating world wars

Which of the following has NOT been a serious foreign policy concern for most of the developed countries during the past several decades? a. global proliferation of weapons b. border disputes between states in the Global North c. terrorism d. disorder in the Global South

a. global proliferation of weapons

"Order and Progress" is the motto of a. Brazil b. Malaysia c. Russia d. Venezuela

a. Brazil

From 200-2009, the lowest average annual rates of gDP per capita growth were in a. Latin America b. South Asia c. the islamic Middle East and North Africa d. Sub-Saharan Africa

a. Latin America

According to the Freedom House (2011) analysis, the highest proportion of "free" countries is in a. Latin America and the Caribbean b. the Islamic Middle East and North Africa c. Sub-Saharan Africa d. Asia

a. Latin America and the Caribbean

A post-communist developed country that did NOT experienced a "democratic revolution" a. Romania b. Slovakia c. Poland d. Estonia

a. Romania

In the pluralist approach, the government is viewed as a. a neutral arbiter b. a compliant under structure c. a complex set of political interest groups d. a set of actors who dominate the political process

a. a neutral arbiter

In applying the scientific method, "reliable" evidence is a. accurate b. relevant c. testable d. subtle e. all of the above

a. accurate

Which of the following in an important area of legislative oversight? a. approve major executive appointments b. enacting regulatory legislation c. committee hearings on legislation d. control of the agenda by legislative majority

a. approve major executive appointments

MADD (Mother's Against Drunk Driving) in the United States is an example of a(n) a. associational interest group b. institutional interest group c. non-associantional interest group d. anomic interest group

a. associational interest group

In which of the followings systems is economic competition is the most intense? a. capitalism b. communism c. fascism d. socialism

a. capitalism

About what proportion of the world's poor live in rural areas? a. 40% b. 50% c. 60% d. 70%

d. 70%

Among the postcommunist developed counties, the one that has achieved the highest level of GDP per capita (ppp) circa 2011 is a. Russia c. Belarus c. Serbia d. Slovenia

d. Slovenia

Among the developed countries with a relatively high level of equality in income, as measured by the Gini Index is, a. Germany b. USA c. Japan d. Sweden

d. Sweden

The concept of a state does NOT denote a. a territorial bound sovereign entity b. a large collectivity compose of many individuals and groups c. the highest governmental level within a country d. a group that shares a single national identity

d. a group that shares a single national identiry

Which of the following characteristics is NOT correlated with a states propensity to engage in war? a. a highly nationalistic culture b. a relatively short period of statehood c. a relatively poor state, but with rising prosperity d. a nondemocratic government

d. a nondemocratic government

The media's role in signaling the importance of a particular political issue is termed a. interest aggregation b. the prism effect c. media oversight d. agenda setting

d. agenda setting

Which of the following ideologies advocates individual freedom, limited government, and laissez- faire economics? a. democratic socialism b. conservatism c. facism d. classical liberalism

d. classical liberalism

The first step in applying the scientific method is to a. Predict your conclusions b. Gather appropriate data c. Examine the existing evidence e. operationalize key concepts

d. examine the existing evidence

The increasing international intergration of markets and technologies is termed a. neocolonialism b. modernization c. free trade d. globalization

d. globalization

Which of the following is NOT usually a characteristic of the developed countries in the contemporary world? a. High GDP per capita b. advanced technological infrastructure c. urban population d. high birth rate

d. high birth rate

Which of the following has NOT been a criticism of political science as a science? a. its subject matter is too complex and unpredictable b. it lacks the scientific elements present in the hard sciences c. it cannot address crucial normative questions about politics d. it lacks statistical methods for analyzing data

d. it lacks statistical methods for analyzing data

Which of the following is NOT a challenge to stability? a. high demands and expectations by citizens b. cultural cleavages c. reliance on foreign loans d. political leaders who accept limited mandates

d. political leaders who accept limited mandates

Politics may be defined as a. the exercise of power b. the public allocation of things that are valued c. the resolution of conflict d. the determination of who gets what, when, and how e. all of the above

e. all of the above